scholarly journals Socio-demographic co-relates of depression among housewives in rural area of district Ludhiana

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2147
Author(s):  
Urvashi . ◽  
Sangeeta Girdhar ◽  
Anurag Chaudhary ◽  
Sanjay Gupta ◽  
Shamim Monga
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Few Data

Background: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder in general practice. It is much more common among women than men, with female/male ratio roughly 2:1. In today’s hectic life, stress is increasing in housewives. Very few data is available on depression among housewives in India. So the present study is aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and study its epidemiological co-relates among housewives aged 18-59 years in rural area of district Ludhiana. Objectives were to assess depression among housewives aged 18-59 years in a rural area and determine the association of depression with socio-demographic co-relates.Methods: This study is a community based cross-sectional study carried out in the field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. 300 subjects were selected by systematic random sampling. Assessment of depression among the housewives was done by using Patient Health Questionnare-9 (PHQ-9).Results: In the present study, 43% of the subjects were found to have depression. Mean age of subjects with depression was found to be 42.4 (±10.3) years. There was an increasing trend of depression among housewives with increasing age (p=0.000). Inverse relationship was found between level of education and depression (p=0.000). Lower socio-economic status was found to be associated with higher rates of depression (p=0.039).Conclusions: Depression was seen to be on higher side among housewives in rural area of Ludhiana. Housewives should be educated about warning signs and symptoms of depression and motivated to avail the primary health care services.

scholarly journals Oral Cancer Knowledge and Awareness in Patients Visiting Kantipur Dental College

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipshikha Bajracharya ◽  
Sujaya Gupta ◽  
Manish Sapkota ◽  
Shishir Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Cancer Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Background: Lack of knowledge and awareness about oral cancer, its risk factors and negligence of the early warning signs play crucial role in raising the incidence of the disease. The present study was carried out to evaluate the awareness of oral cancer among patients visiting Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal.Methods: The cross-sectional study was done in 471 patients from 15-85 years. Self administered questionnaire was prepared which comprised of knowledge of oral cancer, source of information, its early signs and symptoms along with the awareness of its risk factors.Results: Most of the participants (41.80%) had not heard of oral cancer. 31.60% recognized tobacco smoking and tobacco chewing as the chief risk factor with 15.50% and 10.80% of participants who identified white patch and red patch as early sign of oral cancer respectively. Pearson’s chi square test was used which showed statistically significant association of total mean knowledge score and awareness score with age, education level and occupation (p<0.05).Conclusions: This study done in dental patients showed lack of knowledge and awareness in general public about oral cancer. There seem to be a need for more planned awareness programs through newspapers, radio, television and health campaigns regarding the association of habits in the development of oral cancer and benefits of detecting oral cancer at early stage for better prognosis.

scholarly journals Assessment of services rendered at village health and nutrition day in rural area of Kathua district, Jammu and Kashmir: cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1544
Author(s):  
Sonika Sangra ◽  
Neha Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Village Health

Background: Village health and nutrition days (VHNDs) are based on the principal of integration of services like nutrition, sanitation, health provision using a holistic approach. Days are organized once per week in each Anganwadi centre. These services are provided free of cost to rural people. The objective of the study was to assess services rendered at VHND in rural area of Kathua district, Jammu and Kashmir, India.Methods: The present study was descriptive cross-sectional in type, conducted in zone Budhi which is a field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, GMC Kathua. The zone Budhi consists of one primary health centre along with its six subcentres. One auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM) covered one VHND once a week. For a month, one ANM covered four VHNDs. So, out of 10 ANMs in Zone Budhi, 7 attended VHNDs with a maximum of 28 village health and nutrition days covered in a month.Results: All the ANMs made a micro-plan ahead of their visits and prepared a list of beneficiaries. Medical officers were available in 18 out of 28 sessions. ANM, anganwadi workers were available in majority of the sessions. Blood pressure apparatus and stethoscope were available in 60.71% and 67.85% sessions. In majority of sessions, the available items were weighing scales, vaccines with syringes, tablet Iron and folic acid. Services provided at the VHNDs were patients attended, pregnant women registered etc.Conclusions: Study revealed that performance of most of the sessions of VHNDs were satisfactory. So, efforts need to be initiated to fill all these gaps. And priority should be given to provide basic primary health care services to the beneficiaries. 

scholarly journals Knowledge and Poor Understanding Factors of Stroke and Heart Attack Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3665
Author(s):  
Chang Hoon Han ◽  
Hyeyun Kim ◽  
Sujin Lee ◽  
Jae Ho Chung
Keyword(s):  
Heart Attack ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Poor Understanding

Objectives: Adequate awareness of cardiovascular disease (CVD) may help in its prevention and control. Therefore, we evaluated knowledge among the general population of stroke and heart attack symptoms and determined the factors associated with poor understanding of CVD. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 228,240 adults (102,408 males, 125,832 females) who participated in the 2017 Korean Community Health Survey. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and cognizance of the warning signs of CVD events (stroke and heart attack) were examined. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate factors associated with poor understanding of CVD. Results: The stroke and heart attack warning signs that were identified least often by respondents were “sudden poor vision in one or both eyes” (66.1%) and “pain or discomfort in the arm or shoulder” (53.8%). Of the subjects, 19.0% had low CVD knowledge scores (less than 4 out of 10) with males having lower scores than females. In the multivariate analysis, poor understanding of CVD warning signs was significantly associated with older age, male gender, lower education level, lack of regular exercise, unmarried status, unemployment, poor economic status, poor health behaviors (high salt diet, no health screening), poor psychological status (high stress, self-perceived poor health status), and the presence of hypertension or dyslipidemia. Conclusions: Specialized interventions, including those based on public education, should focus on groups with less knowledge of CVD.

scholarly journals Mental Disorders Among Elderly People in Baghdad, Iraq, 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 004695801984596
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdulameer Ibrahim ◽  
Faris AI-Lami ◽  
Riyadh Al-Rudainy ◽  
Yousef S. Khader
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Distress Scale

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of mental disorders (MDs) among elderly people residing in nursing homes (NHs) and those living with their families (WF) in Baghdad, Iraq, 2017. A cross-sectional study was conducted on all elderly individuals residing in all NHs in Baghdad and an equal number of elderly people residing WF. MDs were defined based on Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). We used relevant World Health Organization–accredited tools to identify the types of MDs. The prevalence of MDs among elderly people was 38.7%, being statistically significantly ( P < .01) higher among those in NH (55.8%) compared with those living WF (21.5%). The proportion of types of MDs among NH versus WF residents was as follows: depression (35.4% vs 16.6%), anxiety (32.6% vs 9.9%), dementia (19.3% vs 5%), and suicide thoughts (25.4% vs 4.4%). The multivariate analysis showed many factors that were associated with MD. Low income, dependency on others, and being neglected were stronger determinant of MD among elderly people living WF. However, chronic joint pain, visual impairment, auditory impairment, and economic status deterioration were stronger determinant among those in NHs. The prevalence of MDs in the NH is more than double the prevalence in the community. We recommended enhancing elderly mental health care services including curative, preventive, and promotive activities.

scholarly journals Attitude towards childhood vaccination among parents in a rural area of Trivandrum district

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1247
Author(s):  
Nithya Girija ◽  
Deena Divakaran Sreelatha ◽  
Benny Purandaran Vasanthamani ◽  
Anil Bindhu Sukumaran ◽  
Regi Jose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Maximum Score

Background: Vaccines are simple and widely accepted as one of the most important medical strategy of modern world in the prevention of morbidity and mortality. In order to ensure the protective benefits of vaccines, it is essential that the vaccine coverage should reach between 80-100% of a population, with required coverage dependent on the concerned vaccine and the illness that it is designed to prevent. Vaccine hesitancy is defined as the reluctance to be vaccinated or have one's children vaccinated. In this study, we assess the attitude of parents towards childhood vaccinations and the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among parents in a rural area in Thiruvananthapuram district.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among parents of children below the age of 15 years, who are residents of a rural area in Thiruvananthapuram district. Data was collected using the parents’ attitude about childhood vaccination (PACV) survey, with the consent of the participants. The collected data entered into MS Excel and analysis was carried out using SPSS 20.Results: Out of 100 participating parents, 14 (14%) parents were concerned about the adverse events following immunization (AEFI). At the same time, the maximum score obtained on the PACV scale was just 24 out of 100. Further, vaccine hesitancy among the parents was found to be only 2 (2%).Conclusions: There is good vaccine acceptance among the parents residing in a rural area, even though many are from low socio-economic status. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression among hypertensive individuals in urban Trivandrum: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2156
Author(s):  
Prathibha M. T. ◽  
Sara Varghese ◽  
Gokul Dev V. ◽  
Jincy J.
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Study Population

Background: People with chronic diseases are more likely to have depression than those without any physical illness. Lack of adherence to treatment, poor compliance to life style modification therapy and lost to follow up are major concerns raised in the management of hypertension among subjects with co-morbid depression. Hence it is very important to explore the epidemiology of depression among hypertensives. Methods: The study was conducted in Medical College health unit area of urban Trivandrum as a cross sectional survey among adults >18 years who were diagnosed to have hypertension. The subjects were interviewed using a semi structured questionnaire to collect the socio-demographic variables and the 9 item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ 9) to capture depression. Data from a sample of 432 hypertensive individuals collected were analyzed and Chi square, t test, was done to find the associated factors. Results: Mean age of the study subjects was 62.47 years. Among the study subjects the blood pressure was under control among only 33.8% of the study population. The prevalence of depression was found to be 33.3% (144) with 95% C.I (27.98-39.14). Gender, Socio economic status, marital status, low educational status, regular physical activity, duration of hypertension, uncontrolled BP, were found to be significantly associated with depression. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression among hypertensive individuals is high in this study population. Adequate control of BP along with awareness among primary care physicians in identifying those with hypertension and co-morbid depression is essential. 

scholarly journals Health Co-morbidities and Early Marriage in Women of a Rural Area of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (230) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Manandhar ◽  
Sunil Kumar Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Early marriage is defined as the marriage of a young person less than 18 years. Early marriage is more prevalent in South Asia as more than half of all child marriage occurs here. Thirtyseven percent of girls in Nepal marry before age 18 years. This study was done to find out the health consequences of early marriage in women of a rural area of Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 10th to 15th Feb 2020 February in 358 women from Panauti, Kavrepalchowk. The convenient sampling method was used. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee. Economic status was assessed by using Kuppuswamy’s socioeconomic scale. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 20. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The prevalence of early marriage was 187 (52.2%) (47.03 to 57.37 at 95% confidence interval). One hundred sixteen (62%) early marriage women had gynecological problems followed by depression problem 85 (45.5%) and miscarriage 32 (17.1%). The mean age of marriage was 17.2 years. The majority, i.e. 167 (89.3%) of respondents who married earlier were Hindu by religion. Early marriage was observed in 104 (55.6 %) of illiterate women. Conclusions: The prevalence of early marriage was high. Early married women had a lower level of socio-economic status, lower level of education, which harmed the participants' health status.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among under-five children residing in urban slums and rural area, Maharashtra, India: a community based cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata Kapil Murarkar ◽  
Jayashree Sachin Gothankar ◽  
Prakash Doke ◽  
Prasad Pore ◽  
Sanjay Lalwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Abstract Background Undernutrition among under five children in India is a major public health problem. In India almost 60 million children are underweight. Despite India’s growth in economy, child mortality rate due to undernutrition is still high in both urban and rural area. Studies that focuses on undernutrition in urban slums are scarce. Hence present study was carried out to measure all forms of undernutrition like underweight, stunting and wasting. Methods A community based cross sectional study was conducted in 16 randomly selected clusters in two districts of Maharashtra state,India. All 2,929 mothers of under five children from these clusters were included in the study. Data was collected by house to house survey by interviewing mothers of underfive children.Odds ratio was calculated to determine association between the variables. Results Total 3,671 under five children were covered. Mean age of the children was 2.38 years (± SD 1.365).Stunting (45.9%) was found to be the commonest form of undernutrition among under five children, followed by underweight (35.4%), and wasting (17.1%). Sex of the child (urban slum; OR=1.32, rural area OR=1.63) birth order (rural area; OR= 0.47), immunization status (urban slum; OR=0.23) exclusive breast feeding (urban slum; OR=0.51), childhood infections like diarrhea(rural area OR= 1.69) acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) (rural area OR= 0.82), economic status of the family, (urban slum OR= 1.32), maternal age (P = 0.001)and maternal education(P <0.001) had either positive or negative influence on nutritional status of the children from urban slums and rural area. Conclusion Undernutrition in the form of underweight and stunting is more prevalent than wasting in the urban slum and rural area. It was related to sex of the child, economic status of the family, partial immunization of the child, ARI (Past 1 month) and maternal education. Improvement of immunization of under five children and maternal education will improve the nutritional status of the child. Trial registration-This article is part of baseline data of the project, hence not related to trial registration. After baseline data principal investigator had done trial registration retrospectively.

scholarly journals Assessment of birth preparedness and complication readiness among pregnant women in rural area of Chhattisgarh: a community based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1634
Author(s):  
Namita Deshmukh ◽  
Avinash Borkar ◽  
Mrityunjay Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Skilled Birth Attendant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Birth Preparedness ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complication Readiness

Background: Neonatal and maternal mortality are the major concerns in the country mainly due to the “three delays” in seeking, reaching, and obtaining appropriate care. Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPACR) is one of the most important tools to assess these delays. BPACR is the process of planning for normal birth and anticipating the actions needed in case of an emergency. The current study was undertaken to assess the status of BPACR among pregnant women in rural area of Kharsiya block in Raigarh district.Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 110 pregnant women in rural area of Kharsiya during January-June 2017. All the pregnant females were interviewed using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Knowledge about danger signs, planning for transport, place and delivery by skilled birth attendant, financial management were assessed. BPACR index was also calculated.Results: The BPACR index was found to be very low (27.79%). About 73.65% women identified a skilled birth attendant for delivery but, only 10% women saved money and only 2.7% women had identified a blood donor for emergency. Nearly 74.54% women had no knowledge about danger or warning signs during pregnancy while 89.09% were unaware of complications during labour and 97.27% women did not know about puerperal complications.Conclusions: BPACR index in this rural area was very low. Vast majority of women were not knowledgeable about birth preparedness and complication readiness.

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