scholarly journals Clinico-epidemiological pattern of determinants of visible disabilities among patients affected with leprosy in Raipur district, Chhattisgarh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1565
Author(s):  
Aashish Verma ◽  
Ashish Kumar Sinha ◽  
Kamlesh Kumar Jain ◽  
Nirmal Verma ◽  
Smita Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern ◽  
Patient’S Information ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Visible Disabilities

Background: Widespread implementation of MDT has been an extremely successful strategy for leprosy control across the world including India instead of it Chhattisgarh and Dadra & Nagar Haveli are yet to achieve elimination. Identifying the causes of delay in presentation remains a matter of concern, Hence the present study was conducted with intent to assess the clinico-epidemiological patterns of determinants of Leprosy patients with visible disabilities (Grade II disability) in Raipur District of Chhattisgarh.Methods: This community based cross sectional study was conducted in Raipur district during August 2017- October 2019. 87 Newly diagnosed leprosy patients with visible Grade II disabilities registered during 1st April 2016- 31st March 2017 were included in the study. Patient’s information was obtained from their treatment card and was tracked in the community; necessary information was obtained in a predesigned pretested proforma and clinical examination was carried out.Results: Out of 87 study participants, almost are all the subjects had multi-bacillary type of leprosy. The mean duration between appearance of 1st symptoms & diagnosis was 14.59±11.87 months.Conclusions: The current study has observed many gaps in patient care viz. Lack of supervision of treatment, follow up examination and assessment of disability during course of care. Ignorance of early signs and symptoms was found to be the commonest cause of delayed diagnosis.

scholarly journals Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) awareness among young women of central India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3960
Author(s):  
Jaya Patel ◽  
Shailesh Rai
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Central India ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) associated with multiple presentation in females although it is common disorder but due to lack of knowledge females often delays in getting confirm diagnosis and treatment. PCOS remains a syndrome and as such no single diagnostic criterion is sufficient for clinical diagnosis. Objective: To assess the knowledge about PCOS in young women.Methods: Cross sectional study was performed on 400 women of age group 18-30 years either studying in Colleges or working in Indore city. Written informed consent was obtained and simple random technique was applied for selection of study participants. Pre-designed, pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The data collected were analyzed through percentages and frequencies using Excel. Relevant statistical test was applied was applied and p value was calculated where ever required and considered statistically significant when it is <0.05.Results: Among 400 participants, only 41% of the women were aware of the term PCOS. 46% of the subjects who were aware about the organ system involved in this disease. Most of the people know about this disorder through friends or relatives. 49% of the women knew about the various signs and symptoms associated with PCOS.Conclusions: The results of present study show that very few of the young women understand what this disease is and what are the earliest symptoms that should alarm them to consult a physician.  Discussion with the girls in college authors came to know that most of the people are considering menstrual pain and irregularities as a part of their physiological process and do not consider consulting a doctor.

scholarly journals A comparative assessment of Rapid Diagnosis Test (RDT) versus microscopy for malaria diagnosis in health care facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresia Njuabe Metoh ◽  
Chi Tchampo Fru ◽  
Philip FonGah ◽  
Xiaonong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Disease Spectrum

Abstract Background: Management of malaria requires prompt diagnosis of malaria by microscopy, Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), or other available tools. The objective of this study was to determine the best approach on malaria diagnosis in detection of malaria parasite in the Northwest region, of Cameroon among different population groups. Materials and method: The cross sectional study was conducted on 60 febrile patients who were directed to the laboratory department for blood screening at the Bamenda Regional Hospital after showing signs and symptoms of malaria infection. Blood sample were collected aseptically and dispensed into an EDTA container where RDTs and microscopic examination were performed to assess the presence of malaria parasites. Results from the rapid diagnostic kits were analyzed and compared to those obtained by general microscopy. Results : Of the 60 samples enrolled 37 (61.7%) were found to be positive with blood films examination while in rapid diagnostic test 27 (45%) were positive. Based on frequency of infection by age 20-35 years had 13 (35.1%) as the most vulnerable group, followed by 0 -5 year with 11 (29.7%), 6-19 had 6 (16.2%) while age group of 36-59 had 5 (16.0%) and lastly the age group of 60 and above had least value of 2 (5.4%). The prevalence of malaria obtained through microscopy (62%) was significantly higher than in RDT (45%). Considering microscopy as the gold standard, RDT exhibited high specificity (100%) and sensitivity (73%) with positive predictive and negative predictive values of 100% and 70%, respectively. The sensitivity of RDT increased significantly with increase in P. falciparum parasitaemia which was the plasmodium specie detected in all positive cases. Conclusion: The study, therefore, highlights that the routine microscopy test demonstrated a superior sensitivity compared to RDT method of malaria diagnosis, however, RDT could be a useful tool in individuals suspected to show high degree of disease spectrum for quick intervention in order to avert danger associated with delayed diagnosis.

scholarly journals Perceived Stigma as a Risk Factor for Delay in Seeking Treatment of Leprosy Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Tuban Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 12011
Author(s):  
Zulfah Fitria Fajriahadun Ni’mah ◽  
Nissa Kusariana ◽  
Praba Ginandjar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Delay In Seeking Treatment

Tuban Regency is a leprosy endemic area. Leprosy prevalence in 2018 was 1.5 per 10,000 population with 177 new cases, about 87% of new leprosy cases are MB type and 11% have grade II disability. The high number of MB type and grade II disability leads to the low awareness of treatment-seeking behavior, as early as immediately after symptoms appear. This study aimed to prove that perceived stigma is a risk factor for delay in seeking treatment for leprosy patients. Cross-sectional study design was used in this study and the subject consisted of 112 leprosy patients, selected by proportional random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. This study showed most of the subjects ranged from 15-60 years, more than half were male, most had low levels of education with low income. Most subjects suffered from the MB type of leprosy. More than half experienced delays in seeking treatment and did not experience disabilities. The variables such as knowledge, attitude, perceived susceptibility and severity of leprosy, and perceived stigma associated with the delay in seeking treatment, and only perceived stigma was proven as a risk factor for delay in seeking treatment of leprosy patients (p = 0.002; OR 4.458 (95% CI; 1,700-11,690)

scholarly journals Delayed diagnosis and ongoing transmission of leprosy in the post-elimination era in Boru Meda hospital, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (06.1) ◽  
pp. 10S-15S
Author(s):  
Seid Getahun Abdela ◽  
Ermias Diro ◽  
Feleke Tilahun Zewdu ◽  
Fentaw Tadese Berhe ◽  
Wendimagegn Enbiale Yeshaneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Collection Form

Introduction: Following the recommendation of the Global Leprosy Strategy, Ethiopia targeted to reduce the incidence of new leprosy cases, and the proportion with severe disability (grade 2) from 13.6% in 2016 to < 1% in 2020. This study assessed the clinical profile of new leprosy cases and the sequelae of previously treated ones 20 years after leprosy was eliminated as a public health problem in the country. Methodology: Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted  by reviewing the medical records of all leprosy patients seen at the dermatology clinic of Boru Meda Hospital from August to December 2018.The  data were captured using a standard data collection form. Results: Over the study period, 57 (27.4%) new cases and 151 (72.6%) previously treated cases were seen.The median age was 44 years (interquartile range 32-57). Among the newly diagnosed cases, two were under the age of 15 years , 51 (89.5%) were multibacillary and 34 (59.6%) had grade 2 disability. This included visual impairment in 10 (17.5%) and neurological complications in 44 (77.2%). Of the 151 previously treated cases, 104 (68.9%) presented with disabilities, including 97 (64.2%) with grade 2. Amongst previously treated cases, 130 (86.1%) had neurological complications. In addition, 53 (35.1%) had vision impairment. Conclusions: This study showed evidence of ongoing leprosy transmission and delayed diagnosis in the country. This calls for operational research to determine the underlying reasons and provide ways forward. At the same time, the high burden of disabilities in previously treated cases should be addressed.

scholarly journals The possible attribution of abnormal lipid concentrations in Heart Failure: A comparative study.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (09) ◽  
pp. 4981-4985
Author(s):  
Dr Rajendra Kumar ◽  
Dr Prodeep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective :  To find out the role of dyslipedemia as a contributing factor in heart failure cases and study comparatively with the Framingham study (meta analysis). Methods : This was a cross- sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the institute and consent was taken from each participant before enrolling in the study.  A total of 100 cases with signs and symptoms of heart failure (Acute/Acute on Chronic and Chronic heart failure) were included in the study. Background : The relationship of lipid concentrations to heart failure has been evaluated in a study derived from Framigham Heart study participants.

scholarly journals Ocular Manifestations of Leprosy Patients on Multidrug Therapy in a Teaching Hospital of South Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 1706-1710
Author(s):  
Pradeep Addagadde Venkataramana ◽  
Rajshekar Rajshekar ◽  
Shruthi Amalagondhi Manjunatha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Leprosy Patients

BACKGROUND Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Several ocular manifestations occur before and during multi drug therapy (MDT) and they can continue to occur even after the completion in bacteriologically cured patients. Blindness is a catastrophic event that can occur by several mechanisms at any stage. We need to learn and recognise the early signs and symptoms of ocular complications, so that we can treat the patient early. We need to evaluate the pattern of ocular manifestation in leprosy patients on MDT (Multi Drug Therapy). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted over a duration of six months on diagnosed cases of leprosy and those cured from leprosy. Data was collected by clinical history with slit lamp examination, fundus examination, and laboratory investigation. RESULTS Total 30 patients were included in the study in which 13 patients were on MDT, 7 newly detected cases and 10 treated cases. 22 were males and 8 were females with male - female ratio of 2.75:1. Average age of presentation was 46 years with range from 18 - 80 years. 56 % had ocular manifestations in this study. Ocular lesions were more in cases who had leprosy for ≥ 16 years. Visual acuity ranged from 6 / 6 to PL + ve. Lagophthalmos was noted in 4 cases, cataract in 6 cases, exposure keratitis in 2, chalky white deposits on cornea in 2, spheroidal degeneration in 2, iris atrophy in 2, and pterygium in 2 cases. CONCLUSIONS Patients who completed treatment for MDT require periodic monitoring to detect ocular morbidity early and to prevent visual loss. KEYWORDS Leprosy, Multidrug Therapy, Exposure Keratitis, Lagophthalmos

scholarly journals Knowledge About Leprosy Among Health Care Workers In Balaka District, Southern Malawi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Mponda ◽  
George Anafi ◽  
Eric Thom Laja ◽  
Rapson Chidothe ◽  
Lawrence Mahuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Leprosy Patients

Abstract Background Health care workers (HCW) who are knowledgeable about leprosy can play an important role in promoting early case detection to prevent disabilities. Poor knowledge of leprosy leads to poor attitude about the disease and towards its sufferers. This study was done to assess knowledge and attitudes of health workers towards leprosy in Balaka district, southern Malawi. Methods This was a cross sectional study that included all HCW that do outpatient consultations in health facilities in Balaka district using a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for analysis. Results Thirty five of the approached 38 HCW had heard about leprosy (21 nurses, 3 health surveillance assistants and 11 medical assistants). While 21 (60%) reported to ever have suspected leprosy in a patient, 13 (37%) HCW had never seen a case of leprosy before and 6 HCW (17%) had ever made a correct diagnosis of leprosy themselves. Twenty nine (83%) knew leprosy is an infectious disease, 1 (2.9%) thought it is due to witchcraft, 2 (5.7%) thought dirty environment causes leprosy. Six HCW (17%)mentioned inhalation as mode of transmission, 19 (54%) thought touching someone with the disease, 4 (11%) eating infected meat and another 4 (11%) uncleanliness can transmit leprosy. The skin and peripheral nerves were correctly mentioned by 32 HCW (91%) as organs which may be affected by leprosy. Whether leprosy is curable, 25 (71%) thought it is, 5 (14%) thought it is incurable and another 5 (14%) did not know. Seventeen HCW (49%) felt leprosy patients need isolation and 19 HCW (54%) were afraid they might catch leprosy at work. Of three diseases leprosy, HIV and diabetes, 26 (74%) HCW felt leprosy was the most dangerous as opposed to 4 (11%) and 3 (9%) that chose HIV and diabetes respectively. Only (16) 46% had learnt about leprosy during their training but 24 (69%) had read about leprosy out of self-interest and all the HCW felt they need on job or refresher training about leprosy. Conclusion There is a general lack of knowledge about leprosy. This may explain why many HCW have not had experience with leprosy patients even though it exists in their areas. Their fears about leprosy infectiousness and dangerousness are also based on this knowledge lack. Since such poor knowledge may lead to delayed diagnosis and stigma, education about leprosy to HCWs in Balaka must be part of any priority interventions to address challenges with leprosy control in the district.

EVALUATING THE RESULTS OF SEPTOPLASTY AND PARTIAL INFERIOR TURBINOPLASTY

2017 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Thanh Thai Le ◽  
Phuong Nam Tran ◽  
Thi Ngan An Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Common

Aims: To study outcomes of septoplasty and partial inferior turbinectomy (PIT) method, expecting leastsurgical equipment, good result, price rationalization. Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional study. Including 40 patients treated by septoplasty and PIT method. Assessment had been made after 3 months post-op. Results: The common symptoms were nasal obstruction (100%), headache (40%). The deformities of nasal septalwere deviation (42.5%), crest (30%). There were 67.5% of patients with severe bilateral hypertrophic inferior turbinate, mostly over grade II, enlargement both soft and bone parts (60%). After 3 months, the nasal obstruction and headache presented good or great results in 90% of patients, 93.7% of patients had straight nasal septaland 90% hadsmall inferior turbinate.VAS: patients’s contentment was 100%. Conclusions: The study showed that septoplasty and partial inferior turbinectomy presented good results with 87.5% after surgery and 90% after 3 months. Key words: septal deformity, hypertrophy inferior turbinate, septoplasty, partial inferior turbinectomy

scholarly journals Undernutrition and associated factors in orphan children aged 6–59 months in Gambella Southwest, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e045892
Author(s):  
Solomon Feleke ◽  
Gudina Egata ◽  
Firehiwot Mesfin ◽  
Gizachew Yilak ◽  
Abebaw Molla
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orphaned Children ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Children Under 5

ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight and associated factors in orphaned children under 5 years old.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingGambella City, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA sample of 419 under 5 orphaned children included in the study. Eligible households with orphans had selected using a systematic random sampling method. The lottery method was used when more than one eligible study participants live in the household. An OR with 95% CI was performed to measure the strength of association between each dependent variable and independent variables. Variables with p<0.05 were declared statistically significant.Primary outcomeThe main outcome of this study was the prevalence of undernutrition among orphaned under 5 and its associated factors.ResultsPrevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight in orphan children under 5 were 12.2%, 37.8% and 21.7%, respectively. The prevalnce of wasting peaks among age group of 36–47 months (42.5%), whereas underweight peaks in 48–59 months (27.7%). Food insecurity, wealth index, family size, vitamin A supplementation, diarrhoea, fever 2 weeks before the survey, children under 5 and parents’ death were associated with undernutrition.ConclusionThe prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight among orphan children under 5 was significantly high. Multisectoral collaborative efforts towards access to health services, improving income-generating activities, micronutrient supplementation and social support and protection targeting orphan and vulnerable populations have to be built up.

scholarly journals Association of breastfeeding and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in postmenopausal parous women: Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (2010 ~ 2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jusuk Lee ◽  
Taehong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Understanding the relationship between breastfeeding (BF) and metabolic syndrome (Mets) is important for maternal long-term health benefits and disease prevention. This study aimed to examine the association between BF and Mets and its components among postmenopausal parous Korean women. Methods This cross-sectional study on 10,356 Korean women used nationally representative data from the KNHANES from 2010 to 2016. Anthropometric, laboratory data and manual BP were measured. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association of BF with Mets and its components after adjusting for potential confounding variables. A p-value < 0.05 was to be considered statistically significant. Results Mets was present in 42% of the study participants. The BF group had low household income and education level. The prevalence of Mets in the BF group was higher than that in the non-BF group (42.69% vs. 34.76%, p <  0.001). BF was associated with increased risk of Mets (odds ratio [OR]: 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–1.65, p <  0.001). The BF group was at higher risks for diabetes (OR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.14–1.98), hypertension (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.03–1.68), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.02–1.99) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.06–1.65). Conclusion In this study, BF did not affect decreasing the prevalence of Mets and its components.

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