scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices towards anemia among late adolescent girls of JSS schools and colleges of Mysuru, India: a cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4919
Author(s):  
Satendra Kumar Verma ◽  
Rufia Shaistha Khanum ◽  
Sunil D. Kumar ◽  
Narayanmurthy M. R.
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Women And Children

Background: Anemia is a serious issue globally affecting all age groups. Anemia can be both acute and chronic. The most common cause is undernutrition which is a common issue in underdeveloped countries. Knowledge about anemia, attitude, and practices are important to decrease the burden of anemia. The community should be educated about the causes and prevention of anemia. Despite various measures like WIFS, POSHAN abhiyan, and National iron plus initiative, etc., there is still a long way to go to improve the nutritional status of adolescents and curb nutrient deficiency disorders.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in JSS schools and pre-university during February 2021. The sample size was 292, but a total of 300 girls in the late adolescent age group were included in the study. A structured proforma was used to collect data regarding knowledge, attitude, and practices towards anemia. Descriptive statistics such as mean, frequencies, and percentages were calculated.Results: Mean age of the participants was 16.8±1 years. The knowledge about anemia was poor, positive attitudes and good practices were noticed among the participants.Conclusions: Anemia is a huge problem among adolescent girls. The awareness is poor regarding the disease and its effects. The community is ignorant about the detrimental effects of anemia. Hence appropriate health interventions targeting women and children are needed to see any positive changes in their status.

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of anemia among late adolescent girls in JSS Schools and Colleges of rural and urban Mysuru district, Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4475
Author(s):  
Satendra Kumar Verma ◽  
Sunil Kumar D. ◽  
Rufia Shaistha Khanum ◽  
Narayanmurthy M. R.
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Anemia is the commonest micronutrient deficiency across the world. The burden of disease is high in underdeveloped and developing countries. Anemia itself is not a disease but a symptom of underlying deficiency. A large portion of iron deficiency is preventable with appropriate and timely intervention. Adolescence is a crucial phase for growth and development. Increased physiological demands, poor attitude of young children towards nutrition, lack of awareness amongst parents about healthy diet etc., are some of the reasons that makes anemia common among adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in JSS schools and pre-university during February 2021. Sample size is 292 and a total of 300 girls in late adolescent age group were included in the study. Haemoglobin estimation was done by finger prick method using a digital haemoglobinometer. A structured proforma was used to collect data regarding socio-demographic characteristics and factors associated with anemia.Results: In our study 49% of the girls were anemic. Mean haemoglobin levels of the girls were 14±4 mg/dl. In this study there was significant association between menarche status (p=0.0041) and history of taking iron supplements (p=0.04). Significant association was noted between the mother’s education and the study participants’ anemia status (p=0.00). Significant association was noticed between BMI category of the study participants and their anemia status (p<2.2e-16).Conclusions: Anemia is huge problem among adolescent girls. The awareness is poor regarding the disease and its effects. The community is ignorant about the detrimental effects of anemia. Hence appropriate health interventions targeting women and children are needed to see any positive changes in their status.

MORBIDITY PATTERN AMONG ADOLESCENT SCHOOL GIRLS IN RURAL AND URBAN SCHOOL OF JHANSI (U.P.)- A COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhanshu Gupta ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Piyush D Swami ◽  
Anjana Niranjan
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background: According to World Health Organization, adolescents constitute about one fifth of the world population, and in India they constitute about 21% of the total population. Most of the surveys show that health status of adolescent girls is at sub-optimal level. Objectives: To assess nutritional status and morbidity pattern among the adolescent girls and to suggest measures for improvement of health status of adolescent girls.  Method: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 adolescent schoolgirls in Rural and urban field practice area of Jhansi school from January 2017 to July 2014. Results: Among the various morbidities eye problem was seen in maximum no of adolescent girls. Eye problem was present in 44.8% of adolescent girls followed by respiratory 14.7% and ear 13.06% disease. Skin disease was present in 3.2% of adolescent girls, which was more in rural girls 6.7% than in urban girls 1.7%, may be due to better hygienic practice in urban schoolgirls. Conclusions: Rural background, low socioeconomic status, illiteracy, birth rate and order, income and number of members in a family have shown to be significant determinants of morbidity pattern in the adolescent girls. Keywords: Adolescent, anemia, morbidity, vaginal discharge.

scholarly journals Balanced diet related knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) among adolescent school girls in Noakhali district, Bangladesh: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susmita Ghosh ◽  
Md Ruhul Kabir ◽  
Mohammad Rahanur Alam ◽  
Akibul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government School ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
School Girls

AbstractObjectivesAdolescence, a crucial period for growth velocity including sexual maturation, is an important period of life and young adolescent girls need to have proper knowledge, positive attitudes and practice of balanced diet to achieve optimum growth and development. Considering its importance this study attempts to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of balanced diets among adolescent schoolgirls in Noakhali district, Bangladesh.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in three secondary schools in Noakhali district, Bangladesh. A multistage sampling techniques was used to select schools and study participants. A total of 485 adolescent school girls participated and a pre-designed, validated and structured questionnaire was used for data collection. In addition to descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression were employed for analysis.ResultsThe results from the study revealed that more than half of the students did not have good knowledge about a balanced diet, 42.8% had a positive attitude, whereas the practice of consuming a balanced diet was rather low (only 4.5%). Students studying in government schools had better knowledge and attitudes than non-government school students. Moreover, 41.1% of students were underweight; more than 60% of respondent’s mothers did not have an education higher than secondary school and were mostly unemployed housewives. Parent’s education, mother’s occupation, and types of school have a strong association with KAP; however, father’s education and occupation showed an association of varying degrees. Being knowledgeable was related to positive attitudes, and students with good knowledge had (OR: 1.828; 95% CI: 1.270–2.631) more likely to have positive attitudes towards a balanced diet.ConclusionsThus, proper knowledge about a balanced diet should be introduced with basic nutritional knowledge to all levels of public education. Interventions and programs can be designed to improve knowledge, attitude, and more specifically the practice at the household level so that adolescent girls can have a proper diet during their sexual maturation phase.

scholarly journals Association of high birth weight with overweight and obesity in Chinese students aged 6–18 years: a national, cross-sectional study in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e024532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Zou ◽  
Zhongping Yang ◽  
Zhaogeng Yang ◽  
Xijie Wang ◽  
Di Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundThe prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in China has drastically increased 57 times over the past 30 years, and to control birth weight is an effective way to reduce the risk of overweight and obesity across the life course.ObjectiveThis paper aimed to evaluate the association of high birth weight (HBW) with overweight and obesity in Chinese students aged 6–18 years.MethodsAll students with HBW (n=4981) aged 6–18 years were selected from a cross-sectional survey from seven provinces of China, and 4981 other students with normal birth weight (NBW) were randomly sampled with matched gender, age and province. Anthropometric parameters were measured and characteristics were collected by questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the OR of overweight and obesity with HBW, unadjusted and adjusted for confounding factors.ResultsParticipants with HBW revealed higher body mass index in childhood. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was significantly higher in the HBW group than in the NBW group (overweight 15.3% vs 13.1%, p<0.05; obesity 16.9% vs 10.6%, p<0.05), and the results were similar for overweight in all age groups except age 6–7, age 14–15 and age 16–18. Additionally, HBW was positively associated with overweight (OR=1.230; 95% CI 1.056 to 1.432) and obesity (OR=1.611; 95% CI 1.368 to 1.897) after adjustment for covariates.ConclusionsHBW leads to an increased risk of overweight and obesity in childhood; thus, measures to control birth weight, such as controlling gestational weight gain, should be taken from the earliest beginning of life.Trial registration numberNCT02343588; Post-results.

scholarly journals Factors influencing compliance to the infection control precautions among nurses and physicians in Jordan: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysa Nofal ◽  
Maha Subih ◽  
Mahmoud Al-Kalaldeh
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Nurses And Physicians ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Adherence to infection control precautions (ICP) is important to reduce the transmission of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Aims: To determine nurses and physician’s knowledge, attitude and compliance to ICPs and factors associated with reported compliance. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of nurses and physicians recruited from three hospitals at three different healthcare sectors in Jordan. Three instruments were used to assess knowledge, attitudes and compliance to ICPs. Findings: A total of 211 professionals completed the survey: 155 nurses and 56 physicians. Both groups had low knowledge scores for ICP but a high positive attitude. Although both groups had high reported compliance scores, nurses scores were higher ( P = 0.04). Participants from the private hospital had higher knowledge and compliance scores. Length of experience, knowledge and attitude were significant predictors of reported compliance to ICPs. Discussion: Despite poor knowledge, Jordanian healthcare professionals reported high scores for positive attitudes and compliance with IPCs. Clinical training programmes are required to enhance knowledge and understanding of IPCs.

scholarly journals Sero-Epidemiological Study of Hepatitis E Virus among Thalassemia as High Risk Patients: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Jahrom, Southern, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi ◽  
Abbas Ahmadi-vasmehjani ◽  
Hassan Zabetian ◽  
Hossein Hakimelahi ◽  
Alireza Yusefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ig G

<p>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) could be cause of viral hepatitis in the developing countries and cause severe epidemics. According to other studies, blood transfusion as a probable route of HEV infection has been suggested. An infection with hepatitis agents such as HEV causes active liver failure in multi-transfusion patients in particular thalassemia. The purpose of this study determines the seropositivity of anti-HEV antibodies in thalassemia individuals in Jahrom. In a cross-sectional study, sera from 110 thalassemia were collected between 2013 and 2014. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was performed to detection of anti-HEV antibodies. Individuals’ data were collected such as, demographic and clinical, for statistical analysis. Our results show that 10% and 1.8% of the enrolled patients were HEV Ig-G and Ig-M positive antibodies respectively. In addition, there was statiscally significant difference in age groups for prevalence of anti-HEV Ig-G (P = 0.01). Also the serum levels of liver enzymes such as ALT and AST in the HEV Ig-G and Ig-M positive samples were significantly higher than anti-HEV negative samples. But there were no significant difference between sex and splenectomy with anti-HEV positive samples. The results indicate more study are needed to assess HEV screening of blood products to these patients that those have a probably risk of exposure to HEV especially in higher years old. </p>

scholarly journals Anganwadi based nutritional survey of children in Attappadi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
K. K. Rakesh Raju ◽  
V. T. Ajithkumar ◽  
T. P. Ashraf ◽  
A. Riyaz ◽  
N. C. Cherian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Two Age Groups

Background: Malnutrition and anaemia form major public health problems among the school age children, particularly in the developing countries.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among children between 6 months and 18 years, in randomly selected 25 Anganwadis of Attappadi area. Objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of anaemia and malnutrition among the children of Attappadi. Children were divided in to tribal and nontribal. Anthropometric measurements, haemoglobin estimation by cyanmethemoglobin method and peripheral smear examination were done.Results: 65.5% tribal and 54.1% non-tribal were anaemic. Among males 65.9% tribal and 56.4% non-tribal were anaemic. Among females 65.1% tribal and 52.6% nontribal were anaemic. In the age group less than 6 years, 9% tribal females, 8.9% nontribal females, 12% tribal males and 5.8% nontribal males were severely stunted. Above 6yrs it was 3.3% tribal females, 2.7% nontribal females, 2.4% tribal males and 7.4% nontribal males. In the age group less than 6 years, 12.5% tribal females, 3.9% nontribal females, 15.9% tribal males and 4.3% nontribal males had severe underweight. Above 6 years it was 8.3% tribal females, 0% non-tribal females, 19% tribal males and 3% non-tribal males.Conclusions: Anaemia and malnutrition are common among children of Attappadi. Tribal children are more affected than non-tribal children. Anaemia is more common among two age groups, less than 5 years and more than 11 years. Among females’ adolescent girls are more affected. Periodic assessment of growth parameters and early detection and treatment of anaemia are needed.

scholarly journals A study on psychosocial problems among adolescents in urban slums in Kolkata, West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Kumar Sinha Roy ◽  
Manabendra Sau ◽  
Kishore P. Madhwani ◽  
Pausali Das ◽  
Jitendra Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Dependent Child ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Puberty is the unique stage of growth and development associated with the social and psychological changes referred to as adolescence. The adolescent psychosocial development is the process through which the dependent child becomes a self reliant adult. A large number of adolescents suffer from psychosocial problems and many of these problems are of transient in nature and are often not even noticed. The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of psychosocial problems among adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in ward no 58 of Tangra area of Kolkata. The study group comprised of 420 adolescents, selected by multistage stratified random sampling. Data was collected on a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire by interviewing the adolescents and was subsequently analyzed by using suitable statistical package.Results: Anxiety was maximum (34.76%) in adolescent boys whereas conduct disorder was found to be maximum (28.57%) in adolescent girls. Majority (35.62%) of late adolescent boys were attributed to substance abuse. Anxiety was found to be the commonest problem among adolescent males in all religions. Educational difficulties were maximum among Muslim adolescents. The problems per subject (with psycho-social problems) were more in adolescent boys (4.4) and girls (3.8) having joint family. None of the class I adolescent girls claimed to have any educational difficulties.Conclusions: A holistic approach to underlying causes of psycho-social problems of adolescents should be undertaken. There is need of strengthening the existing “package” of services for adolescents in various initiatives and programmes. 

Public attitudes towards people living with dementia: A cross-sectional study in urban Japan (innovative practice)

Dementia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Aihara ◽  
Hisako Kato ◽  
Tetsuko Sugiyama ◽  
Kuniko Ishi ◽  
Yasushi Goto
Keyword(s):  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Person With Dementia

Stigma and social isolation are major challenges in building dementia friendly communities. Information is a key factor in improving knowledge and attitudes about dementia. This cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate public attitudes towards people with dementia in an urban community in Japan. Nearly 90% of the participants responded that they were able to have a good relationship with a person with dementia and help such a person if needed. However, around half of the participants would be ashamed of a family member with dementia. A multiple regression model showed that information from television and educational classes was associated with positive attitudes towards people with dementia among older adults. Information from educational classes and the Internet was likewise associated with positive attitudes among the volunteers. Increasing the availability and accessibility of information on dementia may contribute to improving public attitudes towards people with dementia.

Determinants of late adolescent nutritional status in Indonesia: a nation-wide cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Ny Wedarthani Achintya Amrita ◽  
Ni Wayan Arya Utami ◽  
Kadek Tresna Adhi
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results

Purpose This study aims to examine determinants of underweight and overweight nutritional status among late adolescents in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional analysis of the 2015 Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS-5) was conducted. Respondents for this study were selected through stratified and multistage random sampling. Of all IFLS-5 respondents, 2,791 were adolescents 18–24 years old. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to identify major determinants of nutritional status among late adolescents. Findings The prevalence of underweight and overweight nutritional status was 19.10% and 12.79%, respectively. Underweight status among late adolescents was strongly associated with smoking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29–2.33). Moreover, living in urban areas showed the strongest association with overweight status among the same group (AOR = 1.77, 95%CI = 1.29–2.44). Research limitations/implications This study gained the advantage from the use of national data that are collected by trained enumerators. Therefore, the possibility of bias is very small, and the study results can be generalized to a late adolescent group in Indonesia. However, this study also has limitations in the types of data available, as it uses secondary data. The lack of detailed data regarding food security, frequency of food consumption in a month and sources of income of the adolescents limit the interpretation of the study. Further studies should consider using a retrospective cohort approach in all adolescent age groups using data from the IFLS-1 to IFLS-5 so that the temporal relationship of the multifactorial nutrition variables can be identified. Practical implications Provide input and advice to policymakers in all sectors related to adolescent health and educational curricula for consideration in making interventions that focus on improving nutrition by taking into account the characteristics of adolescents, such as smoking habits, area of residence, income and age of adolescents because nutritional problems are multifactorial. Social implications This study can provide education to adolescents to create healthier consumption habits to reduce non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the adult phase, ideal body weight, reduce unhealthy lifestyles (smoking, drinking alcohol and drugs) and increase self-esteem and reduce depression. Originality/value This study brings significant findings on the dominant determinant of nutritional status among late adolescents in Indonesia and their vulnerability to NCDs. To address the high prevalence of underweight and overweight nutritional status in Indonesia, a collaboration between smoking cessation, community nutrition and reproductive health programs is required for preventing the underweight nutritional status in adolescents, with a focus on obesity prevention for adolescents living in urban areas. It is expected that this collaboration will support the early prevention of NCD risks.

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