scholarly journals Bioentrepreneurship: A venture for commercializing biotechnological knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Shubhada V Mangrulkar ◽  
Shailju G Gurunani ◽  
Dhanashri T Jawal ◽  
Dinesh R Chaple
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Modern Biotechnology ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Cellular Compartments ◽  
Level Of Analysis

The term "biotechnology" is widely used and encompasses many different technologies. Consulting firms provide common definitions of modern biotechnology. The term "modern biotechnology" refers to all innovative methods, processes or products, including the use of living organisms or their cellular compartments, and the use of biochemistry, molecular biology, immunology, virology, microbiology, cell biology or environmental sciences and engineering. Biotechnology and entrepreneurship are intrinsically linked together, and are studied biotechnology at the regional, firm, and individual level of analysis The concept of "bioentrepreneurship", is described as a wealth created by applying the life sciences to a business environment. Bioentrepreneurs seek business value in the technologies they use to conduct biotechnology research. Some well-known bio startups are based on multiple companies. Biotechnology and entrepreneurship are essentially linked. In recent years, a large number of articles in the business literature have studied biotechnology at the level of analysis of regions, companies and individuals. This review article will encourage stakeholders to address the research space which have been recognized and will help more progress in this captivating area of ​​interest in the field of biotechnology and entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Biosafety and Bioethics Are the Ground of Modern Biotechnologies Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Modern Biotechnology ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Comprehensive Study

This article summarizes different points of view in the context of scientific discussion on biosafety and the legal regulation of biotechnology use by states. The legal regulation of biotechnology, as a rapidly developing branch of science, concerns, first and foremost, activities related to the development, use and transfer of technologies for the use of living organisms. The main purpose of this study is to verificate the need to develop a mechanism that, according to the authors, will be able to implement the state biosafety policy based on the development of certain standards by international organizations and that will serve as a platform for the formation of international biomedical law, through integration principles of bioethics into biomedical relations. Object. The object of research is the norms of international law in the sphere of international legal regulation of the use of modern biotechnology through the lens of bioethics. Material and methods. The methodological basis of the research is comparative legal, dialectical, historical legal, comparative, and other research methods. Results. As a result of the analysis of scientific sources and approaches to solving this problem, evidence of the need for a comprehensive study of the existing scientific array to highlight bioethics has been obtained, and therefore biosafety, as an independent scientific direction in the context of modern legal biotechnology research and as part of the national security of the state. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this study consists in conducting comprehensive comparative analysis of the process of formation of legal norms for the protection of human rights. These norms are contained in existing international agreements on the development of biotechnology, from the point of bioethics as a component of state biosafety. Thus, the practical sphere of implementation of the results of this study is a modern international lawmaking process that must adequately reflect the most important aspects of the application of modern biotechnology by the states of the international community. These important aspects must form the basis of the international biomedical law and the Code of Bioethics. Moreover, the authors make no claims a comprehensive analysis of the problem posed in their work, since many important aspects need further study.

Water Pollution and Its Impact on Environment of Society

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Thyagaraju
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Biological Entities ◽  
Micro Organisms

The present seminar paper mainly highlight  the concept of  water pollution, causes of water pollution,  Its Effects, Elements of  pollutants, Methods  used to prevent the water pollution in environment  and the mandatory initiatives taken by the concerned authorities for prevention of  water pollution. Water   is essential for survival of all living organisms on the earth. Thus for human beings and plants to survive on land, water should be easily accessible. The term “Pollution” is generally refers to addition of any foreign body either living or non – living or deletion of anything that naturally exists. The basic Sources of Water pollution causes due to Culmination into lakes, rivers, ponds, seas, oceans etc. Domestic drainage and sanitary waste, Industrial drainage and sewage, Industrial waste from factories, Dumping of domestic garbage, Immersion of Idols made of plaster of Paris, Excess use of Insecticides , pesticides, fungicides, Chemical fertilizers, Soil erosion during heavy rains and floods, Natural disasters, tsunami etc. General pollutants  which are also caused for water pollution  which include Organic, Inorganic, and Biological entities, Insecticides, Pesticides, Disinfectants ,Detergents, Industrial solvents, Acids, Ammonia fertilizers, heavy metals, Harmful bacteria, Virus, Micro –Organisms and worms, Toxic chemicals. Agricultural lands become infertile and thereby production also drops, Spread of epidemic diseases like Cholera, Dysentery, Typhoid, Diarrhea, Hepatitis, Jaundice etc. The  basic responsibility of the Government, NGOs, National Pioneer scientific Research Institutions may conduct  research oriented programs on control of water pollution by create  awareness among the public through mass media and Environmental Education on recycling units,  and  water treatment plants must be established both at domestic levels and Industry levels, Every citizen must feel responsible to control water pollution. There have been many water pollution prevention acts that have been set up by the governments of the world. But these are not enough for permanent water pollution solutions. Each of us needs to take up the responsibility and do something at an everyday at individual level. Otherwise we can’t survive in a society forever in a future. 

Innovative Marketing Strategies for Select E-Commerce Companies in India - A Review.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Bhanja ◽  
P.C Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Online Shoppers ◽  
Drastic Increase

Innovation is the key to opportunities and growth in today’s competitive and dynamic business environment. It not only nurtures but also provides companies with unique dimensions for constant reinvention of the existing way of performance which enables and facilitates them to reach out to their prospective customers more effectively. It has been estimated by Morgan Stanley that India would have 480 million shoppers buying products online by the year 2026, a drastic increase from 60 million online shoppers in the year 2016. E-commerce companies are aggressively implementing innovative methods of marketing their product offerings using tools like digital marketing, internet of things (IoT)and artificial intelligence to name a few. This paper focuses on outlining the innovative ways of marketing that the E-Commerce sector implements in orders to increase their customer base and aims at determining the future scope of this area. A conceptual comparative study of Amazon and Flipkart helps to determine which marketing strategies are more appealing and beneficial for both the customers and companies point of view.

The Innovators

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Risman
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gendered Expectations ◽  
Level Of Analysis

This chapter introduces the innovators and provides a portrait of them. The chapter analyzes these innovators at the individual, interactional, and macro level of the gender structure. The chapter begins at the individual level of analysis because these young people emphasize how they challenge gender by rejecting requirements to restrict their personal activities, goals, and personalities to femininity or masculinity. They refuse to live within gender stereotypes. These Millennials do not seem driven by their feminist ideological beliefs, although they do have them. Their worldviews are more taken for granted than central to their stories. Nor are they consistently challenging gender expectations for others, although they often ignore the gender expectations they face themselves. They innovate primarily in their personal lives, although they do reject gendered expectations at the interactional level and hold feminist ideological beliefs about gender equality.

Indices and Correlates of Positive Emotion in Psychopathology

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
Sunny J. Dutra ◽  
Marianne Reddan ◽  
John R. Purcell ◽  
Hillary C. Devlin ◽  
Keith M. Welker
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Behavioral Coding ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Positive Valence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Clinical Populations

This chapter not only draws from previous authoritative measurement overviews in the general field of emotion, but also advances these resources in several key ways. First, it provides a specific focus on positive valence systems, which have not yet received specific methodological attention. Second, the field of positive emotion (PE) has expanded in recent years with new and innovative methods, making an updated review of methodological tools timely. Third, the chapter incorporates discussion of PE disturbance in clinical populations and the methods best suited to capture PE dysfunctions. This chapter also outlines some tools that can allow researchers to capture a broad array of PE quantified by self-report, behavioral coding, and biological correlates as seen through changes in the central and peripheral nervous system (i.e., brain and body). After reviewing PE measurement methods and correlates, this chapter includes several methods for studying PE beyond the individual level (i.e., interpersonal) and traditional laboratory settings (i.e., ambulatory or experience sampling). It provides key examples of their applications to study PE in clinical populations while acknowledging several of their basic advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic forces can be accurately measured in vivo with optical tweezers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Harlepp ◽  
Fabrice Thalmann ◽  
Gautier Follain ◽  
Jacky G. Goetz
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Hemodynamic Forces ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Drag Forces ◽  
Measured Flow ◽  
Living Organisms

AbstractForce sensing and generation at the tissular and cellular scale is central to many biological events. There is a growing interest in modern cell biology for methods enabling force measurements in vivo. Optical trapping allows non-invasive probing of pico-Newton forces and thus emerged as a promising mean for assessing biomechanics in vivo. Nevertheless, the main obstacles rely in the accurate determination of the trap stiffness in heterogeneous living organisms, at any position where the trap is used. A proper calibration of the trap stiffness is thus required for performing accurate and reliable force measurements in vivo. Here, we introduce a method that overcomes these difficulties by accurately measuring hemodynamic profiles in order to calibrate the trap stiffness. Doing so, and using numerical methods to assess the accuracy of the experimental data, we measured flow profiles and drag forces imposed to trapped red blood cells of living zebrafish embryos. Using treatments enabling blood flow tuning, we demonstrated that such method is powerful in measuring hemodynamic forces in vivo with accuracy and confidence. Altogether, this study demonstrates the power of optical tweezing in measuring low range hemodynamic forces in vivo and offers an unprecedented tool in both cell and developmental biology.

scholarly journals WHETHER INDIVIDUALISM MAKES PEOPLE FROM THE “WEST” HAPPIER AND COLLECTIVISM MAKES PEOPLE FROM THE “EAST” MORE SATISFIED IN LIFE: AN INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (6B) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Hữu An ◽  
Lê Duy Mai Phương
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
The West ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Determinants of the variation of happiness have long been discussed in social sciences. Recent studies have focused on investigating cultural factors contributing to the level of individual happiness, in which the cultural dimension of individualism (IND) and collectivism (COL) has been drawing the attention of a large number of scholars. At the cultural level of analysis, happiness is associated with personal achievements as well as personal egoism in individualistic cultures, while it is related to interpersonal relationships in collectivistic cultures. Empirical research yields unconventional results at the individual level of analysis, that is, individuals in collectivistic cultures favor IND to be happy, in contrast, people in individualistic cultures emphasize COL be satisfied in life. Using data from the fifth wave of the World Values Survey (WVS), this study takes the cultural dimension of IND and COL at the individual level of analysis to detect its effects on happiness (conceptualized as subjective well-being – SWB) in the comparison between the two cultures. Multiple linear regression models reveal results that individuals from the “West” experience greater happiness when they expose themselves less individualist, while, individuals from the “East” feel more satisfied and happier in their life when they emphasize more on IND or being more autonomous.

An empirical test of an Antecedents – Privacy Concerns – Outcomes model

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Benamati ◽  
Zafer D. Ozdemir ◽  
H. Jeff Smith
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Information Privacy ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis

This study extends privacy concerns research by providing a test of a model inspired by the ‘Antecedents – Privacy Concerns – Outcomes’ (APCO) framework. Focusing at the individual level of analysis, the study examines the influences of privacy awareness (PA) and demographic variables (age, gender) on concern for information privacy (CFIP). It also considers CFIP’s relationship to privacy-protecting behaviours and incorporates trust and risk into the model. These relationships are tested in a specific, Facebook-related context. Results strongly support the overall model. PA and gender are important explanators for CFIP, which in turn explains privacy-protecting behaviours. We also find that perceived risk affects trust, which in turn affects behaviours in the studied context. The results yield several recommendations for future research as well as some implications for management.

scholarly journals Measuring innovation: A state of the science review of existing approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Ter Haar
Keyword(s):  
Work Team ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
State Of The Science ◽  
Structured Approach ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Purpose: The level of innovation is essential for a company’s or country’s competitive advantage and the ways to measure innovation are manifold. The review aims to give an overview over the continuously growing body on approaches to measure innovation.Design/methodology/approach: A new definition of innovation measuring is proposed. Based on this definition a structured approach for researching the literature was applied. A selection of 30 advances is discussed and a 4-level-of-analysis-framework is applied to review the broad research on measuring innovation on individual, work team, company and country level.Findings: The narrative review shows that specific measuring frameworks exists for each level of analysis. Output oriented indicators can be found on all levels, they are complemented by potential enablers on country level, process indicators on company and project level and behavioural indicators on individual level. Approaches specifically focussing on work teams could not be found.Research limitations/implications: Further research is needed on specific advances on measuring innovation on work-team level.Practical implications: By discussing key characteristics of the reviewed studies, the analysis will help decision makers to choose a fitting approach and support researchers by identifying open fields of research. It is recommended to research on advances to measure innovation on work team level to close the existing gap.Originality/value: While influences on innovation are extensively discussed a comprehensive overview over the approaches to identify the effects of modifying these influences is missing. This paper intends to closes this gap.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document