scholarly journals Dengue in COVID 19 pandemic year 2020- Enquiry into the unanswered question of 2020?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Rajeshwari K G ◽  
Hannah Abhinaya ◽  
Brunda M S ◽  
Arushi Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Unanswered Question ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
The World

India along with the world is facing one of the worst pandemic in recent times with COVID-19. Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in dengue virus (DENV)–endemic areas has raised concern regarding coinfection with the two viruses Difficulty in distinguishing dengue and COVID-19, particularly during the acute stage, can engender inaccurate diagnoses. To study the trends in Dengue infections during the COVID 19 pandemic and previous 2 years.A retrospective study considering all the Dengue serology tests over the period of 3 years was considered. Dengue serology tests by Dengue Rapid card, COVID RT PCR, COVID 19 IgM & IgG.Spiking of cases in alternate year in Karnataka.2250, 5070,2284 samples processed fro Dengue in 2018,2019 & 2020. The positive percentage was 10.3% in the year 2019. Dengue NS1 & IgM positive cases were more as the cases seeked support of healthcare at the initial phase of fever. Environmental factors did not have a significant role to play in the state. Study on cellular & immunolgical mechanisms of COVID 19 virus will lead to improved diagnsotic modalities and correct interpretation of test results preventing fatal outcomes. Encouraging vaccination for COVID-19 will reduce fatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Imunocompetent Mice Model for Dengue Virus Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Gonçalves ◽  
Rafael de Queiroz Prado ◽  
Eric Almeida Xavier ◽  
Natália Cristina de Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Marcos da Matta Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

Dengue fever is a noncontagious infectious disease caused by dengue virus (DENV). DENV belongs to the familyFlaviviridae, genusFlavivirus, and is classified into four antigenically distinct serotypes: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. The number of nations and people affected has increased steadily and today is considered the most widely spread arbovirus (arthropod-borne viral disease) in the world. The absence of an appropriate animal model for studying the disease has hindered the understanding of dengue pathogenesis. In our study, we have found that immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice infected intraperitoneally with DENV-1 presented some signs of dengue disease such as thrombocytopenia, spleen hemorrhage, liver damage, and increase in production of IFNγand TNFαcytokines. Moreover, the animals became viremic and the virus was detected in several organs by real-time RT-PCR. Thus, this animal model could be used to study mechanism of dengue virus infection, to test antiviral drugs, as well as to evaluate candidate vaccines.

scholarly journals PROFIL PALATOSKISIS DI BAGIAN ILMU BEDAH PLASTIK BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R.D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI-DESEMBER 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalsum Taufiq ◽  
Jan T. Ngantung ◽  
Maximillian C. H. Oley
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Genetic Factor ◽  
Congenital Disorder ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Etiology

Abstract: After labioschizis, palatoschizis is the most frequently encountered congenital disorder with multifactorial causes, and is a disorder that can be found in every nation in the world. Among the factors, the genetic factor was agreed upon to be a major factor. This was a descriptive retrospective  study. This study aimed to find out palatoschizis cases in the Division of Plastic Surgery, Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, from January to December 2011. The results showed that there were 40 cases of both disordersd in the Division of Plastic Surgery Prof Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado Hospital from January 2011 through December 2011, showing 55% with palatoschizis and 45% with labiopalatoschizis. From the total cases, 53% were females in contrast to 47% males. Fifty-seven percent represented the most frequently treated age group of 1-4 years with 72.5% requiring palatoplasty. From the total number of palatoschizis cases, as many as 58% were caused by environmental factors. Fifty-two percent were unilateral palatoschizis, in comparison to 2.5% bilateral. Conclusion: In the Division of Plastic Surgery, Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, from January to December 2011 most of the palatoschizis and labiopalatoschizis cases were unilateral. Environmental factors were the mot common etiology for most of the women who suffered from this disease. Palatoplasty procedures were most widely used among the largest age group of 1-4 years. Keywords: palatoschizis, labiopalatoschizis.   Abstrak: Palatoskisis merupakan kelainan kongenital yang paling sering dijumpai setelah labioskisis dengan penyebab multifaktorial, dan dijumpai pada setiap bangsa di dunia. Diantara faktor-faktor penyebabnya, faktor genetika disepakati menjadi faktor utama. Palatoskisis lebih banyak ditemukan pada perempuan. Palatoskisis unilateral kiri lebih sering dari pada yang kanan. Penelitian ini bersifat retrospektif deskriptif untuk mengetahui tentang kejadian palatoskisis di Bagian Ilmu Bedah Plastik RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2011. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan jumlah kasus di Bagian Bedah Plastik RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2011 sebanyak 40 kasus dengan palatoskisis (55%) dan labiopalatoskisis (45%), lebih sering pada perempuan (53%) dibandingkan laki-laki (47%). Kelompok usia yang tersering ditangani 1-4 tahun (57%) dan jenis operasi yang digunakan yaitu palatoplasty (72,5%). Faktor penyebab yang tersering ialah faktor lingkungan (58%). Kasus palatoskisis unilateral sebanyak 52,5% sedangkan yang bilateral 2,5%. Simpulan: Di Bagian Ilmu Bedah Plastik RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2011 sebagian besar kasus palatoskisis dan labiopalatoskisis ditemukan unilateral dengan lokasi defek terbanyak di bagian kiri. Jenis kelamin perempuan lebih sering ditemukan dan etiologi tersering yaitu faktor lingkungan. Kelompok usia yang tersering ditangani yaitu 1-4 tahun dan tindakan yang tersering digunakan ialah palatoplasty. Kata kunci: palatoskisis, labiopalatoskisis.

scholarly journals Particularities of the Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOTAN MARIA ◽  
Camelia Grigore ◽  
ELISABETA ANTONESCU ◽  
Felicia Gligor ◽  
Lavinia Duica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
The World ◽  
Pulmonary Changes ◽  
Hematological Tests

Abstract IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 virus infection was first reported in China in late 2019 and has spread rapidly around the world. There is little information about the peculiarities of COVID-19 infection in children because the number of infected children was small, around 2% of all diseases.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we recruited 143 children infected with SARS-CoV-2 between March and October 2020, in Sibiu, Romania. RT-PCR tests, serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG/ IgM antibodies, lung radiography, biochemical and hematological tests were performed during the hospitalization.ResultsOf the 143 children selected in the study, 47.0% were male and 53% were female. At admission, all children tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, collecting nasopharyngeal exudate.Clinical manifestations included: cough in 75.52% of cases, fever in 55.94% of cases, nasal obstruction in 50.34% of cases, rhinorrhea in 38.46% of cases, muscle pain in 26.57% of cases, fatigue in 17.48% of cases, diarrhea and headache in 14.68% of cases. In 21 children (14,68%), the number of leukocytes was increased. In 38 cases (26,57%), the lung radiograph showed changes similar to bronchopneumonia, and the other cases did not have pulmonary changes. The persistence of the virus in the body of infected children is above the average reported in studies performed in adults, the virus being identified in the respiratory tract between 16 and 34 days. IgG class antibodies in patients' serum appeared between the 4th day of hospitalization and up to a maximum of 25 days, with a mean of 16.5 days.ConclusionThe persistence of the virus in the body of infected children is above the average reported in studies performed in adults, the virus being identified in the respiratory tract between 16 and 34 days. IgG class antibodies in patients' serum appeared within a mean of 16.5 days. All children were treated with symptomatic support without complications.

scholarly journals Challenges in Interpretation of Diagnostic Test Results in a Mumps Outbreak in a Highly Vaccinated Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Trotz-Williams ◽  
N. J. Mercer ◽  
K. Paphitis ◽  
J. M. Walters ◽  
D. Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Published Report ◽  
The World ◽  
Outbreak Case

ABSTRACT In spite of a greatly reduced incidence rate due to vaccination, mumps outbreaks continue to occur in several areas of the world, sometimes in vaccinated populations. This article describes an outbreak in a highly vaccinated population in southwestern Ontario, Canada, and the challenges encountered in interpreting the results of diagnostic tests used in the outbreak. During the outbreak, patients were interviewed and classified according to the outbreak case definition, and specimens were collected for diagnostic testing according to Ontario guidelines. Twenty-seven individuals were classified as confirmed cases (n = 19) or suspect cases (n = 8) according to the case definition, only 9 of which were laboratory-confirmed cases: 7 confirmed by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) and 2 by IgM serology. All 19 confirmed cases represented patients who were associated with secondary schools in the local area and had been vaccinated against mumps with one (n = 2) or two (n = 17) doses of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. This is the first published report of an outbreak of mumps in Ontario in which all confirmed cases had been vaccinated against the disease. It highlights the limitations of and difficulties in interpreting current mumps diagnostic tests when used in vaccinated individuals.

scholarly journals Diversity of Dengue Virus Serotype in Endemic Region of South Sulawesi Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muh. Taslim ◽  
A. A. Arsunan ◽  
Hasanuddin Ishak ◽  
Sudirman Nasir ◽  
Andi Nilawati Usman
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Endemic Areas

The objective of this research was to investigate serotype diversity pattern of dengue hemorrhagic fever virus by using real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. It was an explorative laboratory research in endemic dengue fever area in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, that is, Makassar municipality and Maros and Gowa region. Serological examination was carried out using real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method to determine the serotype of dengue virus. The data showed that, of 30 patients, 20 patients (66.67%) were from Makassar municipality: 10 patients (33.33%) from Gowa region and 10 patients (33.33%) from Maros region. The serotypes found were DENV-2 and DENV-4 and no DENV-1 and DENV-3 serotypes were found. Makassar municipality and Gowa region have higher infection with serotype DENV-2, that is, 40% of cases compared with Maros, which is 20.0%. Statistical test results showed no significant differences between the three endemic areas. Maros region has the highest infection with serotype DENV-4, that is, 40% of cases compared with Makassar municipality (5.0%) and Gowa region (0%). Statistical test results showed significant differences between the three endemic areas. This result revealed that serotypes obtained in endemic areas of dengue fever in South Sulawesi are DENV-2 and DENV-4 and not serotypes DENV-1 and DENV-3. Makassar municipality has DENV-2 and DENV-4 serotype, infection dominated by DENV-2, while Maros region also has DENV-2 and DENV-4, but DENV-4 is the dominant serotype. Gowa municipality only has DENV-2 serotype infection.

scholarly journals Dengue emergence in the temperate Argentinian province of Santa Fe, 2009–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María S. López ◽  
Daniela I. Jordan ◽  
Evelyn Blatter ◽  
Elisabet Walker ◽  
Andrea A. Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Temporal Fluctuations ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The World ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) transmission occurs primarily in tropical and subtropical climates, but within the last decade it has extended to temperate regions. Santa Fe, a temperate province in Argentina, has experienced an increase in dengue cases and virus circulation since 2009, with the recent 2020 outbreak being the largest in the province to date. The aim of this work is to describe spatio-temporal fluctuations of dengue cases from 2009 to 2020 in Santa Fe Province. The data presented in this work provide a detailed description of DENV transmission for Santa Fe Province by department. These data are useful to assist in investigating drivers of dengue emergence in Santa Fe Province and for developing a better understanding of the drivers and the impacts of ongoing dengue emergence in temperate regions across the world. This work provides data useful for future studies including those investigating socio-ecological, climatic, and environmental factors associated with DENV transmission, as well as those investigating other variables related to the biology and the ecology of vector-borne diseases.

scholarly journals Comparison of Two Commercially Available Dengue Virus (DENV) NS1 Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays Using a Single Clinical Sample for Diagnosis of Acute DENV Infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1513-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kovi Bessoff ◽  
Mark Delorey ◽  
Wellington Sun ◽  
Elizabeth Hunsperger
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Virus Isolation ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Nonstructural Protein 1 ◽  
Immunosorbent Assays

ABSTRACT Dengue virus (DENV) nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) has shown promise as a novel diagnostic marker of acute DENV infection. Current techniques used to diagnose acute DENV infection, including virus isolation and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), are costly and difficult to perform, while traditional serological assays have low sensitivities during the acute stage of infection. Two commercially available NS1 antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), the Platelia dengue NS1Ag test (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Marnes La Coquette, France) and the Pan-E dengue early ELISA test (Panbio Diagnostics, Brisbane, Australia), were evaluated against a well-characterized panel of 208 real-time RT-PCR- and virus isolation-positive sera, as well as 45 real-time RT-PCR- and serologically negative sera from patients with other acute febrile illnesses. The overall sensitivities were 64.9% (95% confidence interval [CI95], 58.2 to 71.1%) for the Panbio test and 83.2% (CI95, 77.5 to 87.7%) for the Bio-Rad test, with interserotype variation, especially for DENV serotype 4. Predictive models were constructed to identify factors that had a significant influence on a test's outcome with respect to this panel of samples in order to identify the conditions in which the test will be most effective as a diagnostic tool. The immunoglobulin G titer was found to be the only covariate that significantly influenced results in the Bio-Rad test, while serotype and the day postonset were found to significantly influence results in the Panbio test. We concluded that the NS1 capture ELISA is a useful tool that can improve testing algorithms to diagnose DENV infection in single samples from acute and early convalescent cases.

FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS WONOREJO SAMARINDA TAHUN 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Novi Anggun Pusvitasary
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
P Value ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Standards

Pneumonia disease is the leading cause of death of babies in the world. The prevalence of pneumonia in infants is 18.5 / mil. Data from Samarinda City Health Office during the last 1 year there are 91 cases of pneumonia in Karang Anyar Village and 63 cases in Teluk Lerong Ulu Village. Factors causing pneumonia are toddler factors, behavioral factors, and environmental factors. The results show there is a relationship between house humidity (p value = 0,013; OR = 0,192), house dwelling density (p value = 0,024; OR = 0,214), and family member smoking behavior (p value = 0,006; OR = 10,450) with incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in the Working Area of Puskesmas Wonorejo Samarinda. There was no correlation between house temperature (p value = 0,214; OR = 0,337), house lighting (p value = 0,095; OR = 3,188) and family disease history (p value = 0,707; OR = 0,753) with Pneumonia occurrence in infant in region Work Puskesmas Wonorejo Samarinda. It was concluded that there was a relationship between house humidity, home dwelling density, and smoking behavior of family members with the incidence of pneumonia in infants. It is recommended to be able to apply housing health requirements that meet health standards to reduce the incidence of pneumonia in infants and change smoking habits.

scholarly journals Preanalytical Issues and Cycle Threshold Values in SARS-CoV-2 Real-Time RT-PCR Testing: Should Test Results Include These?

ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilka Engelmann ◽  
Enagnon Kazali Alidjinou ◽  
Judith Ogiez ◽  
Quentin Pagneux ◽  
Sana Miloudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cycle Threshold

scholarly journals The Wild West of Emergency Use Authorizations for SARS-CoV-2 Testing: What Could Be the True Sensitivity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S142-S143
Author(s):  
S Dalal ◽  
S Patel ◽  
J M Petersen ◽  
D Jhala
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Initial Result ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Repeat Testing ◽  
Parallel Testing ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Instructions For Use ◽  
Multiple Reference

Abstract Introduction/Objective SARS-CoV-2 is a pandemic that has required mobilization to meet urgent needs. In this mobilization, emergency use authorizations (EUA) have been issued by the FDA to expedite the deployment of these tests. This has led to a situation whereby sensitivity has not been rigorously studied for any of the assays with EUAs. Estimates can be extrapolated from the limited samples documented by the company in their instructions for use (IFU). Although the nationwide shortage of testing reagents prevent parallel testing of multiple platforms on all specimens, observations of repeat specimens at the Veteran Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) provides the first study in the literature of more complete data for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid (RT-PCR) assay on sensitivity on the Abbott (Abbott Park Ill) and Cepheid (Sunnyvale CA) assays. Methods A retrospective search was performed for all test results for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR from 3/1/2020 to 4/14/2020 at Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Medical Center, in order to evaluate the sensitivity on Abbott m2000 and Cepheid platforms. Results across multiple reference laboratories and in-house testing platforms were collated in a table with all patients clinically requiring repeat testing recorded. Results 114/863 patients had repeat testing. The tests were performed initially by outside reference laboratories (25 patients), on the Abbott m2000 (63 patients), and Cepheid Infinity (26 patients). 15/114 (13%) had discordant results on repeat testing. This included 1 test initially done by a reference laboratory. 8 days after the initial result from the reference lab, a positive for the same patient was identified on the Abbott platform. 11 initial Abbott results were discordant on further repeat testing on two platforms - Abbott (6 patients) and Cepheid (5 patients) 1-6 days later. In addition, 3 initial Cepheid were discordant on further repeat testing by the same Cepheid platform (1-16 days later). Conclusion While the instructions for use for both platforms suggest 100% sensitivity and specificity (due to the 100% positive and negative percent agreement in limited specimens), the true sensitivity is less than 100%, particularly early in the course of the infection. In our study, the positive percent agreement (surrogate for sensitivity) was 83% for initial Abbott tests, 88% for initial Cepheid tests, and 95% by Reference laboratory platform.

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