scholarly journals Women's Rising Share of Tertiary Enrollment: A Cross-National Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Enrollment ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Dramatic Shift ◽  
National Analysis

In recent decades, a dramatic shift occurred in higher education throughout the world. Women now enroll in and complete more education than men in the majority of countries. Using a lagged cross-sectional design on a dataset of 75 countries from 1990 to 2008, this study examines the predictors of the current gender gap in tertiary enrollment. I find that prior arguments developed by neo-institutionalist theorists do predict the gender gap in tertiary enrollment to some degree. Countries that have historically supported women's rights and experienced more rapid educational expansion are linked to a larger share of women enrolled in tertiary education than men. However, countries with greater memberships in IGOs and INGOs do not influence women's share of higher education enrollment. Additionally, fertility rates are important predictors of women's share of tertiary enrollment. Countries with lower fertility rates are associated with a larger female share of higher education. The results support the hypotheses that both neo-institutionalists arguments and fertility norms shape the female-favorable gender gap in tertiary enrollment throughout the world. ??? ?????????? , ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? . ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? . 1990-2008 ??? 75 ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ?? lagged ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????, ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????????? ?? ??? ???? ?? . ??? ?? ?????????? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ???. ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???. ???????, IGOs ?? INGOs ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? . ???? ???????? , ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????????? predictors ??? . ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? . ?????? ?? institutionalists ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ??. ????????????????????????????????????????????????1990??2008??75???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????IGOs??????????INGOs???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? In den letzten Jahrzehnten ist eine dramatische Verschiebung in der Hochschulbildung weltweit eingetreten. In den meisten L

Gender Ideology and Fertility: Evidence for a Curvilinear Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Stefani ◽  
Gabriele Prati
Keyword(s):  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
World Population ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Research on the relationship between fertility and gender ideology revealed inconsistent results. In the present study, we argue that inconsistencies may be due to the fact that such relationship may be nonlinear. We hypothesize a U- shaped relationship between two dimensions of gender ideology (i.e. primacy of breadwinner role and acceptance of male privilege) and fertility rates. We conducted a cross-national analysis of 60 countries using data from the World Values Survey as well as the World Population Prospects 2019. Controlling for gross domestic product, we found support for a U-shaped relationship between gender ideology and fertility. Higher levels of fertility rates were found at lower and especially higher levels of traditional gender ideology, while a medium level of gender ideology was associated with the lowest fertility rate. This curvilinear relationship is in agreement with the phase of the gender revolution in which the country is located. Traditional beliefs are linked to a complementary division of private versus public sphere between sexes, while egalitarian attitudes are associated with a more equitable division. Both conditions strengthen fertility. Instead, as in the transition phase, intermediate levels of gender ideology’s support are associated with an overload and a difficult reconciliation of the roles that women have to embody (i.e. working and nurturing) so reducing fertility. The present study has contributed to the literature by addressing the inconsistencies of prior research by demonstrating that the relationship between gender ideology and fertility rates is curvilinear rather than linear.

scholarly journals Нормативно-Политические Вопросы Обращение С Обеспечением Низкого Образования В Индонезии (Policy In Handling The Low Education Relevance In Indonesia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrayanto Indrayanto ◽  
Smyshlyaeva Larisa Germanovna
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Government Education ◽  
Potential Resource ◽  
Education Transformation

AbstractThe problem of Human Resources (HR) in Indonesia is becoming increasingly complex, this is reflected in the large number of formal education graduates from various levels who are not absorbed in the world of work. Many factors cause this to happen, including the mismatch between HR competencies and the labor market, the growth of the workforce is greater than the availability of available employment and population distribution between regions is not evenly distributed. If you look at the achievements of Indonesian tertiary education graduates, many of Indonesian tertiary education graduates are slow to get jobs, this shows that there is a broken link between higher education and the world of work. Higher education has not been able to produce graduates with high selling prices armed with the knowledge they have learned even though in general higher education graduates have greater employment opportunities than high school or lower level graduates. Many realities on the ground show that the quality of Indonesian people as a potential resource still does not meet expectations. This happens because of the low quality of education in Indonesia. By fulfilling good educational needs, the students will get benefits and can improve the quality of life of the knowledge they have, so that after completing their education, they can get decent jobs or create quality jobs. Indonesia's education world must start to build links with the world of work, so that the world of work responds to graduates produced in accordance with what the world of work wants; this paradigm must be understood and built by the Indonesian government. Education transformation is needed so that education is able to produce reliable and resilient human resources; education and educators must be improved. 

Encountering Unfamiliar Educational Practices Abroad

2016 ◽  
pp. 137-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Jane Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The World ◽  
Mobility Programs ◽  
Hong Kong Sar ◽  
Macau Sar

As internationalization efforts intensify across the globe, the number of students who are studying outside their home country for part of their tertiary education has increased significantly. The vast majority of students from East Asian nations (Hong Kong SAR, Japan, Korea, Macau SAR, Mainland China, and Taiwan) study in a second language while abroad, with English the most common medium-of-instruction. As institutions of Higher Education (HE) in other regions compete for students from this part of the world, increasingly, questions are being raised about what students gain from outbound mobility programs. Scholars have drawn attention to the need for systematic empirical research that critically examines the experiences of student sojourners in order to determine the most effective ways to support and enhance their learning (e.g., linguistic, cognitive, social, academic, (inter)cultural, and professional).

Grieving Styles of Young Banso Widows

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-506
Author(s):  
Ruth Lange ◽  
Cass Dykeman ◽  
Catherine Beckett
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Grieving is manifested differently around the world depending on culture, social desirability, and social norms. Little is known about grieving patterns in Africa. As such, a study of the grieving patterns of young widows of the Banso tribe of the Cameroon was conducted. This examination used Doka and Martin’s model of grieving styles as the lens for this research. This model delineates a continuum of grief styles: instrumental on one end, intuitive on the other, and blended in the middle. This study used the validated Grief Pattern Inventory to determine if young Banso widows in this sample are intuitive, instrumental, or blended grievers. The study employed a cross-sectional design. The results indicated that 47% of the participants were intuitive grievers and 41% were blended grievers. Policy, research, and clinical implications emerging from the results were presented.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KARAKTER DENGAN MINAT MAHASISWA KEBIDANAN STIKES BINA USADA MENJADI ENTERPRENEUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
I Gede Wirajaya ◽  
Alfiery Leda Kio ◽  
Nina Rismawati Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Kendall’S Tau ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kendall's Tau ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Midwifery is one of many professions in the world of health assigned to help the process of labor for mothers, including the caregiving during the childbirth and has as well become the only profession to assist women in the pre and post-labor. The large amount of midwife graduates as counted in every year is contributing in the increasing number of unemployment in Indonesia. For those who had been graduated as a midwife in addition with specific skills of taking care for mothers before and after the birth giving, must have not been unemployed after being equipped with the knowledge of entrepreneurship as there should be an opportunity to create business and new job fields for others. STIKES Bina Usada Bali has inserted entrepreneurship subject to become compulsory in the curriculum to help give new vision to the students. This research is aimed to see the influence of entrepreneurship education to the interest of becoming an entrepreneur for midwifery students of STIKES Bina Usada Bali. The cross sectional design was implemented in this research by applying quantitative method of approach. The data were collected in September 2019 through questionnaire distributed to 39 students of midwifery. The data analysis included Kendall’s Tau univariate and bivariate analysis. The univariate analysis showed that most students had moderate characteristics for entrepreneurship numbered 16 of the total students (43.2%) and those with high interest in entrepreneurship was in the number of 18 students (48.6%). Meanwhile, the bivariate analysis with Kendall Tau’s correlation value of -0.775 showed the presence of weak level of correlation with the value of p=0.00 less than ɑ =0.05 (p<0.05) meaning that there was significant relation between the education of entrepreneurship and the interest in becoming entrepreneurs of the midwifery students of STIKES Bina Usada Bali. Keywords: Entrepreneurship Lectures, Entrepreneurs Interest, Midwifery. Bidan merupakan salah satu profesi dalam dunia kesehatan yang memiliki tugas untuk membantu proses melahirkan pada seorang ibu, memberi asuhan pada masa persalinan dan menjadi satu–satunya profesi yang memiliki tugas untuk merawat seorang wanita yang akan melahirkan dan  juga setelah melahirkan. Banyaknya lulusan bidan setiap tahunnya menjadi salah satu penyebab meningkatnya jumlah pengangguran di Indonesia. Lulusan bidan yang sudah memiliki kemampuan yang khusus dalam bidang pengasuhan dan perawatan seorang ibu yang sedang mengandung dan setelah melahirkan, seharusnya tidak menjadi pengangguran ketika mereka dibekali pengetahuan tentang entrepreneurship, karena mereka dapat membangun usaha mereka sendiri dan bahkan mampu membuka lapangan pekerjaan. STIKES Bina Usada Bali menambahkan mata kuliah entrepreneurship sebagai salah satu mata kuliah yang wajib diambil oleh mahasiswa untuk memberikan pandangan baru kepada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pendidikan entrepreneurship terhadap minat mahasiswa kebidanan STIKES Bina Usada Bali menjadi seorang entrepreneur. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah cross sectional menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan September 2019 melalui pengisian kuesioner oleh 39 mahasiswa kebidanan. Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat Korelasi Kendall’s Tau. Analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar memiliki karakter entrepreneur sedang sebanyak 16 mahasiswa (43,2%) dan mahasiswa yang memiliki minat tinggi menjadi entrepreneur sebanyak 18 mahasiswa (48,6%%). Analisis bivariat dengan nilai korelasi Kendall’s Tau sebesar -0,775 menunjukkan adanya tingkat hubungan yang lemah dengan nilai p= 0,00 lebih kecil dari α = 0,05 (p<0,05) yang berarti ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pendidikan entrepreneurship dengan minat mahasiswa kebidanan STIKES Bina Usada Bali menjadi entrepreneur.  Kata Kunci: Kuliah Entrepreneurship, Minat Entrepreneur, Bidan.

scholarly journals Hubungan kepadatan tungau debu rumah dengan derajat rinitis alergi

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy G. Mantu ◽  
Greta J. Wahongan ◽  
Janno B. Bernadus
Keyword(s):  
House Dust ◽  
House Dust Mite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Country House ◽  
The World ◽  
Dust Mite ◽  
Der P 1 ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
C 30 ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Alergic Rhinitis (AR)is a global health burden and a big problem that can cause disability all over the world. AR prevalence in Asia today has increase approximately 45%, and occurs in poorest and develop country. House Dust Mite (HDM) can cause AR. That’s because HDM is prime allergen that live in dust and grow optimaly in 25-30ºC with humidty above 60%. 100-500 HDM expose is a risk factor for development allergic reaction. This study aimed to know the relationship between the density of HDM with the degree of AR. This was an observational-analitic study with a cross-sectional design. The results showed that the average of HDM in bedroom is 192, and 376 in lounge. There were 17 people that affect AR Intermittent and 13 people that affect AR persistent. For mild symptoms there are 25 people and for moderat-severe symptoms there are 5 people. Conclusion:There is no relationship about density of HDM with the degree of AR.Keywords: House Dust Mite, Allergic RhinitisAbstrak: Rinitis alergi merupakan masalah kesehatan global dan merupakan masalah besar yang dapat menyebabkan disabilitas di seluruh dunia Prevalensi rinitis alergi di Asia terakhir mengalami peningkatan yaitu sekitar 45% dan paling banyak di negara miskin dan berkembang.Salah satu penyebab rinitis alergi adalah Tungau Debu Rumah (TDR). Hal tersebut karena TDR merupakan alergen utama yang terdapat pada debu rumah yang ada dimana-mana, dan berkembang di tempat tidur, bantal, karpet, perabot rumah tangga dengan suhu 25°C-30°C, dan kelembaban tinggi >60%.Pajanan tungau sebanyak 100-500 tungau per gram atau 10 mg Der p 1 per gram debu merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya reaksi alergi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepadatan tungau debu rumah dengan derajat rinitis alergi. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian observasional-analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional untuk mengetahui hubungan kepadatan tungau debu rumah dengan derajat rinitis alergi. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan rata-rata jumlah kepadatan TDR di kasur sebanyak 192 tungau per gram debu., di sofa sebanyak 376 tungau per gram debu. Untuk derajat rinitis alergi yaitu Intermittent adalah sebanyak 17 orang responden (56,67%) dan Persistent sebanyak 13 orang responden (43,33%). Sedangkan untuk berat gejalanya yaitu ringan adalah sebanyak 25 orang responden (83,33%), sedang-berat adalah sebanyak lima orang responden (16,67%). Simpulan:Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara hubungan kepadatan tungau debu rumah dengan derajat rinitis alergi.Kata kunci: Tungau Debu Rumah, Rinitis Alergi

scholarly journals Myths and taboos in dentistry

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1936
Author(s):  
Sadhana A. Raina ◽  
Poorvi S. Jain ◽  
Manjusha M. Warhadpande
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
The People ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: India, a developing country, faces many challenges in rendering health needs to its countrymen. The influence of culture is seen in every discipline of health and medical practices, and dentistry is no exception. This study was performed to investigate the existence of myths and taboos in dentistry, to assess the variation of these myths across various demographic aspects and socio-economic status, to co-relate the existence of myths with the oral health of the subject and to impart education to the people regarding abolishing the myth as that will be a hindrance towards a healthy life in patients.  Methods: The study had a cross-sectional design, used a structured questionnaire and was conducted to assess the existence of dental myths and taboos and to determine its correlation with the OHIS index of the patients. Statistical analysis software SPSS V 16.0 was used. Descriptive & inferential statistical analysis was performed on categorical and continuous data. Chi-square, independent sample T tests and ANOVA test were used to compare the distribution of caries and OHI-S between different groups. P value less than 0.05 (p<0.05) was considered to be significant. Socioeconomic status was also calculated.Results: In the present study it was found that the there was almost an equal distribution of prevalence of myths in the educated as well as uneducated patients .Also the ratio of existence of myths was found higher in females as compared to males.Conclusions: Existence of myths and taboos regarding dental health has started decreasing among the urban population due to the widespread of awareness regarding dentistry.But still there is prevalence of some myths in the patients having primary education as compared to patients having secondary and tertiary education. If community is educated about proper prevention and cure, the myths relating dental concepts will vanish from the society and over all dental health status of the community will improve.

scholarly journals Gambaran malaria pada anak di RSU GMIM Bethesda Tomohon periode 2011-2015

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boy A.I. Paendong ◽  
Suryadi N.N. Tatura ◽  
Hesti Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract: Malaria is an endemic disease that is often found in the world, particularly in tropic areas. Four types of plasmodiums that often infect human are falciparum, vivax, malariae, and ovale. The symptoms of malaria that usually occur are fever, chills, and sweats. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of malaria in children at GMIM Bethesda Hospital Tomohon. This was a descriptive retrospective study with a cross sectional design. The results showed that of 105 children who suffered from malaria, only 92 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Malaria was found in the years 2011-2015. The highest percentages were age 5-9 years (31.5 %), males (66 %), plasmodium falciparum (63%), and fever as the clinical manifestation (100%). The manifestation of malaria such as fever, chill, and ssweating perspiring was found in 13.1% of cases and complication of severe anemia in 1,1% of cases. Most cases were treated with DHP and primaquin. Conclusion: In this study, malaria was still an endemic disease in GMIM Bethesda Hospital Tomohon, most among males aged 5-9 years. Plasmodium falciparum was the most common type and fever was the clinical manifestation mostly complained.Keywords: malaria, plasmodium, children Abstrak: Malaria adalah penyakit endemis yang sering dijumpai di seluruh dunia, terutama di daerah tropis. Empat plasmodium yang biasa menginfeksi manusia yaitu falciparum, vivax, malariae, dan ovale. Gejala umum pada malaria ialah demam, menggigil, dan berkeringat. Menurut data WHO, di dunia kasus penyakit malaria pada tahun 2015 berjumlah 214 juta kasus. Di Sulawesi Utara pada tahun 2014 jumlah kasus malaria menyentuh angka 2.244 jiwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran malaria pada anak di RSU GMIM Bethesda Tomohon. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 105 anak yang menderita malaria didapatkan 92 anak sebagai subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Malaria terdapat sepanjang tahun dari 2011-2015. Mayoritas anak dengan malaria ialah usia 5-9 tahun (31,5%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (66%), jenis plasmodium falciparum (63%), dan gejala klinis demam (100%). Gejala malaria demam, menggigil, berkeringat ditemukan sebanyak 13,1% dan komplikasi anemia berat 1,1%. Terapi yang banyak digunakan ialah DHP dan primakuin. Simpulan: Pada studi ini malaria masih merupakan penyakit endemik di RSU GMIM Behesda Tomohon, sering terjadi pada anak laki-laki, usia 5-9 tahun, dengan mayoritas plasmodium falciparum dan gejala klinis demam. Kata kunci: malaria, plasmodium, anak

scholarly journals Father's Support and Mother's Behavior in Stunting Prevention Efforts

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Dhani Syahputra Bukit ◽  
Alam Bakti Keloko ◽  
Taufik Ashar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Growth Reference ◽  
Nutritional Problem ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Problem Data

Stunting is the nutritional quality of infants under five years of age according to age compared to the usual benchmarks according to the World Health Organization's Multicentre Growth Reference Study in 2006. The incidence of stunting in infants under five years of age is a problem that exists in Indonesia and is a major nutritional problem. Data from the results of monitoring the quality of nutrition in the previous three years period has the highest prevalence compared to other nutritional problems such as malnutrition, thinness, and obesity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation of the father's support and mother's behavior in Stunting Prevention Efforts in Tuntung 2 Village, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang Regency using a cross-sectional design. This study was done on 135 mothers who have infants aged 6-59 months as respondents. The variables in this study were father's support related to stunting prevention and the dependent variable in this study is the behavior of the mother in preventing stunting. The results showed that there was a significant correlation of the father's support and mothers’ behavior in preventing stunting (p <0.038). To increase efforts of prevent stunting, it is hoped that fathers who have not supported their wives should be more concerned about their toddler's growth and health.

scholarly journals Gambaran Status Tekanan Darah Penderita Hipertensi di Desa Karanganyar Kecamatan Kalianget Kabupaten Sumenep

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Emdat Suprayitno1
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Organ Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Deadly Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

ABSTRACT Hypertension is a health problem in the world, especially in developing countries. Hypertension is often called a silent killer (silent killer) because it is included in a deadly disease without accompanied by symptoms first as a warning for victims. The problem of high hypertension, especially in the elderly with concomitant decline in organ function. This type of research is quantitative descriptive using non-analytic cross sectional design. The sampling technique used was total sampling with a sample size of 32 people. The instrument used in the form of a tensimeter and blood pressure observation sheet. The results showed that the majority of respondents aged 55-60 years were 10 people (31.25%), the majority of respondents were male as many as 18 people (56.25%). Blood pressure status in patients with hypertension in Karanganyar village is systolic blood pressure 140-159 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 90-99 mmHg as many as 18 people (56.25%) It can be concluded that the majority of blood pressure status of hypertension sufferers in Gadung Hamlet, Karanganyar Village, Kalianget Subdistrict are in the category of Hypertension.   Keywords: Blood Pressure, Hypertension

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