scholarly journals Deotyma – Norwid’s “Tenth Muse”

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (English Version) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Olaf Krysowski

This article attempts to recreate the image of Jadwiga Łuszczewska from the literary works and letters by Cyprian Norwid. The young improviser sparked controversy not only among the critics, but also among the Warsaw socialites in Romantic period. Norwid, however, considered her personality as original, modern and capable of refreshing Polish poetry. In his poems he describes her as “the tenth Muse” and compares her to Sappho, who was called exactly the same name by Plato in recognition of her poetic talent. Moreover, he depicts her in an idealized manner, like a contemporary sibyl who advises the nation on how to proceed in a tragic historical period. Norwid’s enthusiasm waned at the beginning of the 1860s when it became clear that the poetic works by Deotyma were becoming repetitive, constantly revisiting the same motives, ideas and aesthetic means, unable to go beyond the horizon defined at the onset of her career. He realized that behind the female figure he himself ennobled – as comforter, Samaritan, visionary, and statuesque Muse – there is a human being, imperfect and, in some aspects trivial, affected or even philistine.

2021 ◽  
pp. 240-250
Author(s):  
Lilit Safrastyan

THE HERALD OF SPRING. IMAGE OF ARMENIAN HERO IN THE POEM OF AHMAD SHAMLU "VARTAN" Ahmad Shamlou is one of the most prominent representatives of the Iranian literature of the 20th century, who stood at the roots of the anti-dictatorship struggle, carrying out creative and social activities. Shamlu's unbreakable revolutionary spirit, love for the homeland and a human being have found their vivid expression in his works. In the very first period of his career, Shamlu was persecuted and imprisoned many times as a dissident. Many of his works, including translations, literary works, were censored and burned in printing houses. Armenians have a special place in Shamlu's personal and creative life. The main heroine of Shamlu's inspiration was his wife Aida Sargsyan, to whom he dedicated the most beautiful poems of modern Iranian love poetry. Armenian revolutionary hero Vartan Salakhanyan's character was also immortalized by the poet in the famous poem "Vardan" or "Nazli's death". In this poem Ahmad Shamlu depicts the heroic feats of the Armenian hero in metaphorical language, calling him "The Herald of Spring".


2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Sukartha

The feminism movement in the field of classical literature in Bali is known to rise after a female au- thor struggling from the Dutch intervention. This female figure was Ida I Dewa Agung Istri Kania. She had compiled several literary works through her criticism and “lango”, either herself or accompanied by her pupils. The forms of her works are kakawin, kidung, geguritan, and tutur. The most popular work is Kakawin Pralambang Bhasa Wewatekan. This Kakawin tells about death body burning cere- mony (Patiwa-tiwa and Baligya). It describes the entrance of Dutch into Bali and the struggle to fight against in Kusamba, Klungkung. There is also a story concerning the memorandum of understanding between Klungkung, Gianyar, Bangli, and Payangan. These stories come along with several other sto- ries behind some factual events made in Kusamba, Sweta Lombok, Tabanan, as well as in Klungkung. It is very interesting that the phenomenal Ida I Dewa Agung Istri Kania is analyzed on the sociology of literature viewpoint. It is supposed to have significance for the younger and future generations, at least in Bali. The Balinese society must be proud of having their own hero, King, who is an author of the classical works. She is a mirror, figure to take as an example of nobleness for the nation, particularly the younger female generations.


2019 ◽  
pp. 230-242
Author(s):  
Alicja Ungeheuer-Gołąb ◽  

Education by Antonina Domańska (on the Basis of Communicative Relation between an Adult and a Child in her Selected Literary Works) The article concerns selected novels written by Antonina Domańska (Historia Żółtej ciżemki, Paziowie króla Zygmunta, Krysia Bezimienna). The author of the paper discusses the novels in the context of their didactic function. In the analysis she takes into account communicative rapport between the grown-up and child characters appearing in Domańska’s works. The author particularly concentrates on the essential role of description and the choice of historic events in the provided literary texts which are used for literary education of children. Moreover, she refers to child’s social status in certain historical period. She also discusses the universality of such an approach to this type of education and its meaning in the contemporary world. The author indicates how Antonina Domańska exposes Polish national features and glorious developments of the Jagiellonian dynasty in her works. She contemplates the role of a child in the discussed social context.


Author(s):  
О. Полонская ◽  
O. Polonskaya

The article analyzes the actualization of linguistic signs with the semantics of pride in the literary works of English authors, which reflects the traditional ethical interpretation of emotional-ethical concept of Pride. The relevance of the undertaken research is due to the scientific interest for the study of the universal semantic constants, accumulating knowledge about the human inner world, and their language representation. The essence of human being directly correlates with the nature of language and is reflected in linguistic and cultural phenomena, characterized by semantic richness, sociocultural and discursive variability. Semantic constant Pride also is one of the human inner world semiosphere components. The phenomenon of pride is anthropocentric, covers the moral and ethical sphere, so the study of it as a cognitive - semiotic and axiological phenomenon seems to be promising.


Author(s):  
Tom Mole

This chapter argues that the discourses, understandings, and practices surrounding the attribution of literary works changed significantly during the Romantic period. It examines the wide range of attribution styles that were available in the period, including the use of initials, phrases such as ‘by a Lady’, invented names such as Malachi Malagrowther (Walter Scott), and the formula ‘by the author of’. Drawing on a quantitative analysis of the bibliographical record, it shows how the popularity of anonymous publication shifted during the period in different ways for novels and poetry volumes. These changes were bound up with the emergence of modern celebrity culture. The chapter suggests that celebrity, anonymity, and pseudonymity were not opposed to one another, but were complexly intertwined, so that anonymity could be a form of celebrity and (paradoxically) celebrity could be a form of anonymity.


PMLA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-328
Author(s):  
Karen Hadley

Alan Bewell identifies a newly globalized, consumerist nature in the Romantic period, one aspect of a larger context in which Michel Foucault observed the “dawn of biopolitics.” This historical context, along with Erasmus Darwin's best-selling poem The Loves of the Plants (1789), is brought to bear here on William Blake's Visions of the Daughters of Albion and on traditional readings of it that manifest nostalgia for an idealized past, a past predating enclosure's separation of population and environment, of human being and nature. Correcting the prevalent misidentification of the marigold that Oothoon plucks in Visions, my reading newly envisions an Oothoon whose relation to the life-forms around her replicates the modes of domination and exploitation inherent in capitalist ideology. What have seemed to be anomalies in Oothoon, her curious connections to Bromion and her offer to procure girls for Theotormon, instead reflect central character traits. In the end, a reaccounting of the historicity of Blake's poetic text yields a heroine and a reading population struggling to view themselves as at the center of a reflexive system that governs and exploits the mutual relations of natural and social surroundings but that also is governed and exploited by the same biopolitical apparatus.


Literatūra ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Dalia Čiočytė

Literatūros teologija – tarpdisciplininė teorija, aiškinanti literatūros ir teologijos santykius bei tirianti literatūrinio mąstymo apie transcendenciją aspektus, – Vakarų religijos ir kultūros tradicijoje susiformavo palyginti neseniai (po Antrojo pasaulinio karo). Tačiau dėmesingumas teologiniams klausimams akivaizdus visoje Vakarų literatūros ir kritikos istorijoje. Tad kuo XX a. susiformavusi literatūros teologija skiriasi nuo ligtolinio dialogo tarp literatūros tyrimo ir teologijos? Atsakymas susijęs su šio dialogo pobūdžiu: ar kritiko dialogas su teologija tik numanomas (implikuotas), ar tiesiogiai aiškinamas ir grindžiamas (eksplikuotas). Tradicinės krikščioniškosios kultūros kontekste kritikas nejautė poreikio teoriškai motyvuoti literatūros ir teologijos sąsajos (dauguma rašytojų, kritikų ir skaitytojų buvo krikščionys), o XX a. kultūroje literatūros ir krikščionybės santykis jau nebeturi „savaime suprantamumo“ statuso ir reikalingas sąmoningos refleksijos.Literatūros teologijos galiojimo srities klausimas yra metodologinis, klausimas apie tai, kada ir kaip literatūros tyrimas vadovaujantis literatūros teologijos formuojama literatūros samprata ir taikant literatūros teologijos siūlomus tyrimo metodus yra efektyvus literatūros prasmės atskleidimo būdas.Literatūra yra žmogiškosios savimonės forma, ir literatūroje matomos teologinės minties objektas visada yra labiau žmogus negu Dievas. Literatūrinės introspekcijos kontekste Dievas pasirodo, kai žmogus meniniu mąstymu ieško savo esmės, kai formuoja giliųjų būties pamatų sampratą. Literatūros teologija nagrinėja ir aiškina kūrinio teologinę įžvalgą – literatūrinę egzistencijos kilmės ir prasmės klausimų interpretaciją, poetinio metaforinio mąstymo plėtojamą denotacijų ir konotacijų tinkle, struktūrinių teksto ašių sankirtose, giliuosiuose teksto prasmės kloduose. Kūrinys, turintis teologinio angažuotumo (apologetinio ar provokacinio angažuotumo), siekia būti adekvačiai suprastas, ir tokios literatūros tyrimams literatūros teologijos kompetencija itin svarbi. Literatūros teologijos galiojimo periferija yra kūriniai, kuriuose matyti ne tiek teologinio, kiek bendrojo humanistinio pobūdžio literatūrinis mąstymas. Mažiausiai literatūros teologija gali pasakyti apie tokią literatūrą, kurioje plėtojamos pasaulėvokos dominantė yra indiferentinė laikysena transcendencijos atžvilgiu.The center, the periphery and limits of competence of the theology of Literature as the theoretical perspective Dalia Čiočytė Summary The article sets to explore the validity of the theology of literature: what are the center, the periphery and limits of this interdisciplinary theoretical perspective. Literary theology based on existential experience (the theological thought seen in literature) is held to be a variant of individual theological quest. The main subject of literary theological thought is always more human being than God, as literature itself is a form of human consciousness. God appears in the context of literary introspection when the artistic thought is seeking for God and meaning. The theology of literature investigates such a literary theological insight, i. e., it investigates literary interpretation of the origin and sense of existence. Literary metaphor creates new modes to refer to deep religious experiences that are impossible to verbalize in concepts. Metaphor performs the opposite function as well: it protects the metaphysical realm from reduction. Criticism needs to be enriched with theological competence in order to interpret literary works that have got theological denotations. The periphery of validity of the theology of literature are such literary works that show not theological but rather general humanistic thought. This theory can tell the least about such literature that is dominated by religious indifference.


ATAVISME ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-171
Author(s):  
Rahmat Setiawan ◽  
Sri Nurhidayah

William Somerset Maugham's short story “The Appointment in Samarra” (1933) narrates a theme of how someone cannot avoid death, but the death is represented through a female figure. The research aims to expose a critic toward the representation of death through female character which is a cultivation of patriarchal ideas through literary works. This research used deconstruction framework as a reference to expose the paradox between woman and death. This was a qualitative research with an intertextuality approach. The data were in the form of quotations in the text and the source of the data was William Somerset Maugham’s short story “The Appointment in Samarra”. The data were collected through documentation technique and analysed with interpretation method. The results showed that the representation of death through woman was a patriarchal discourse and, with deconstructive reading, the narrative presented a paradoxical side; on one side, it presented that woman had horrible character, but on the other side, the horrible character implied power. Dismantling of the patriarchal discourse made the decon-structive process in this text became study of feminist deconstruction.


Author(s):  
Alicia Romero López

Este artículo pretende aportar una nueva mirada sobre el personaje de Katherina en la obra The Taming of the Shrew de William  Shakespeare. Este personaje femenino es en gran manera controvertido por la violencia y la sumisión a la que se ve sometido. En este trabajo se analizará si realmente estamos ante una mujer sometida o si, más bien, el texto nos presenta a una mujer que se escapa a las constricciones sociales de la época. Para ello tendremos en cuenta no solo el contexto histórico en el que se enmarca la obra, si no que se hará una breve revisión de las representaciones más importantes de esta obra en España (1947-2008), para señalar cómo el personaje de Katherina, y lo que este representa, varía en función de la época y la representación.This article offers a new perspective on the William Shakespeare's Kate in the The Taming of the Shrew. This female figure has been the subject of much controversy because of the violence and degradation to which she is subjected. This article questions whether we are presented with an oppressed woman, or whether in fact the text shows a woman who escapes the social constraints of the period. As part of this discussion the article not only discusses the historical period in which the play takes place, but also makes a brief summary of the most important Spanish productions of this play during the period (1947-2008), in order to show that Kate's character and what she represents differs according to each production and its social context.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document