A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO FIRE PROTECTION OF OBJECTS USING WATER FIRE RETARDANT AND FIRE EXTINGUISHING MEANS

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
S. V. ZHARTOVSKIY ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Fire Extinguishing

The Use of Sol-Gel Method for Obtaining Fire-Resistant Elastic Coatings on Cotton Fabrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 1038 ◽  
pp. 468-479
Author(s):  
Olga Skorodumova ◽  
Olena Tarakhno ◽  
Olena Chebotaryova ◽  
Oleg Bezuglov ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Emen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Silica Coatings ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Fire Retardant Properties ◽  
Main Factors

Based on the generalization of research results on the processes of obtaining SiO2 sols using tetraethoxysilane and ethyl silicates, the main factors influencing the elasticity of silica coatings on cotton fabrics and their fire-retardant properties are considered. The possibility of forming covalent bonds between the functional groups of cellulose, gel coating and flame retardant layer is considered, which explains the strong fixation of a thin layer of coating on the fibers of the fabric and improve its fire protection. The use of the developed compositions for fire-retardant elastic coatings based on ethyl silicate allows to increase the time of complete burning of cotton from 30s (untreated fabric) to 600s (treated with binary coating).

scholarly journals Determination of the time of ignition of plant raw under the high temperature of the radiation panel

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Lomaha ◽  
O. Yu. Tsapko ◽  
Yu. V. Tsapko ◽  
O. P. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Thermal Action ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Operational Parameters

Reducing the fire prevention of timber is not only an economic task, but also has a social and environmental focus. From economic, technological and environmental perspective, an important problem in ensuring the viability and safe operation of construction sites is the development of fire-retardant coatings for wooden structures. The construction is increasingly looking for new highly effective means of fire protection of wood and wood products which should not only ensure the standardized fire resistance of wood, but also to maintain its operational parameters to solve environmental safety and durability. Studies of the effect of the radiation panel on the ignition of the wood sample have set the parameters of the flame ignition, which makes it possible to influence this process. It is proved that they consist in the formation of a layer of organic material on the surface, which provides heating to a critical temperature, when the intensive decomposition of the material begins with the release of the required amount of combustible gases and their ignition. This makes it possible to determine the effect of fire protection and the properties of protective compositions on the process of slowing down the rate of burning of wood. Experimental studies have confirmed that the untreated sample of wood, under the thermal action of the radiation panel has taken up, the flames spread over the entire surface, which led to its combustion. The application of a fire retardant varnish under the influence of temperature leads to a layer of foam coke and inhibition of heat transfer of high-temperature flame to the material and its ignition. Thanks to this, it became possible to determine the conditions for changing the parameters of combustion and braking during fire protection of wood, by forming a barrier for thermal conductivity. Thus, there is reason to argue for the possibility of directional control of the processes of fire protection of wood by the use of fireproof coatings that can form a protective layer on the surface of the material, which slows down the rate of burning of wood.

TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF REACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-90
Author(s):  
Lyubov Vakhitova ◽  
◽  
Nadiya Taran ◽  
Konstantin Kalafat ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Cost

Purpose. Identification of the main directions of evolution of scientific researches concerning development and improvement of fire protective reactive coatings of intumescent type for steel constructions. Methods. Analysis of literature sources, study and generalization of information, classification and modeling of chemical processes. Results. As a result of the performed researches it has been shown that of all the developed reactive fire protection systems for increasing the fire resistance of steel structures the intumescent composition of ammonium polyphosphate/ pentaerythritol / melamine / polymer is the most widespread and economically justified. To reduce the cost of fire protection measures, it is necessary to improve the coatings of the intumescent type in the following main areas: increasing of fire protection efficiency with a decrease in the thickness of the fire protection layer; prolongation of life time with strengthening of resistance to external factors; reducing the cost of the prescription composition of intumescent paint due to the use of nanomaterials. Scientific novelty. It has been established that nanoclays, nanooxides of metals and silicon, LDH compounds and their analogues should be considered the most promising and multifunctional. The presence of nanomaterials in intumescent compositions allows to increase the environmental parameters of fire-retardant treatment due to the rejection of halogen flame retardants, boron compounds, formaldehyde resins. In addition, the presence of nanocompounds in intumescent coatings significantly reduces smoke in fire. Practical significance. The conclusions obtained from the literature review are of practical importance for the development of new approaches to the design of fire-fighting materials with improved performance through the use of nanomaterials, which provides a strong fire retardant foam char layer and provides rigidity of the insulation frame.

Fire Protection Studies on Steel Staggered-Truss Structure Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 608-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Kun Chen ◽  
Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Truss Structure ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hierarchy Process

A new design method for fire protection, based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP), was put forward, to explore an economic and secure strategy for fire protection of steel staggered-truss structure (SSTS). The chords and web members of SSTS were classified into different important grades by AHP according to the influence which components make on the stability of structure at elevated temperature. And the components are protected by different levels based on the important grades. Furthermore, a comparative investigation was conducted in order to appraise the economic and practical performance of the provided new fire protection method with traditional fire protection. The results indicate that the proposed fire protection strategy for SSTS based on AHP could achieve higher security with the same volume of fire retardant coatings.

scholarly journals Fire Protection of Building Constructions with the Use of Fire-Retardant Intumescent Compositions

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Tatiana Eremina ◽  
Dmitry Korolchenko
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Thermal Analysis Data ◽  
Fire Retardant Properties ◽  
Modifying Additive

The influence of basic components of intumescent paint on fire protection properties is studied. The resulting changes in properties are assessed by the intumescence coefficient and thermal analysis data. Influence of the binder polymer composition on fire protection properties under the same conditions was evaluated, quantitatively using the example of fire-retardant water-dispersion paint; the best result was obtained in the formulation based on vinyl acetate copolymers. The brands of ammonium polyphosphate (PFA) from different manufacturers were investigated under the same conditions. The results of the thermal analysis and testing of the physicochemical properties of the samples on various PFAs are presented, with conclusions about their influence on the fire-retardant properties of the paint. The results of the thermal analysis of the influence of orthophosphoric acid, as a modifying additive, on the fire-retardant properties of the paint are presented.

Intumescent Type Fire Retardant Epoxy Coating

2020 ◽  
Vol 992 ◽  
pp. 605-609
Author(s):  
L. Pestereva ◽  
N. Shakirov ◽  
Оlga G. Shakirova
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Coating ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Intumescent Coatings ◽  
Fire Retardant Properties

This article discusses one of the methods of fire protection, namely, the coating of metal structures with fire retardant paints. Intumescent coatings are currently the most widely used. Fire retardant coatings based on epoxy paints have high performance characteristics and are promising. As the foaming component, the system of ammonium polyphosphate - pentaerythritol - melamine (in a ratio of 2: 1: 1) was selected. The fire retardant properties of the developed material were investigated. Coatings on the base of the developed fire retardant paint allow us to increase own level of fire resistance of metal constructions up to three (90 minutes).

Design Study of Steel Structure Fire-Retardant Coatings under High Temperature (Fire) Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 594-597 ◽  
pp. 849-859
Author(s):  
Man Li Ou ◽  
Wei Jun Cao ◽  
Long Min Jiang ◽  
Hui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Fire Conditions

As the result of great changes occurring to mechanical properties under high temperature (fire) conditions, steel structures will soon lose the strength and stiffness and lead to structural damage. Through analysis of the steel structure fire resistance design methods under the conditions of high temperature (fire), this article explores the most used fire protection methods in steel structures—brushing or painting fire-resistant coatings, studies the fire-resistance theory of steel structure under fire conditions; in addition, the author proposes the reasonable thickness of the steel structure fire retardant coating of fire-resistant design through design examples.

scholarly journals A Modern Approach to the Formation of a Terminological System in the Field of Fire Protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Yuriy Naumov ◽  
Nikolai Smirnov ◽  
Andrei Pekhotikov ◽  
Ol’ga Zuban’ ◽  
Marina Gravit
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Correct Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The paper considers a variant of combining the terms used in the field related to the study of fire protection means into a terminological system. The correct definition of terms is also crucial in technological and manufacturing processes. That is why it was decided to form and describe the terminological system in the field of fire protection and fire retardant materials. The terms in terminological system are to be related between each other, and to be expressing the relationship between the concepts that they denote. Such a system does not yet exist in the field of fire protection, so the authors aim was to create its basis. The types of relations between the terms defining the structure of the system have been established, a diagram that illustrates the distribution and coordination of terms in the system has been developed. On the basis of the relations between the terms established in the terminological system, the existing definitions were assessed with subsequent, if necessary, adjustments to meet the requirements for the terms of unambiguity, compliance with the expressed concept and elimination of synonymy.

scholarly journals Establishing patterns of mass transfer under the action of water on the hydrophobic coating of the fire-retardant element of a tent

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10(112)) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Yuriy Tsapko ◽  
Zinovii Sirko ◽  
Roman Vasylyshyn ◽  
Oleksandr Melnyk ◽  
Аleksii Tsapko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
Hydrophobic Coating ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Fabric Surface

This paper reports an analysis of the flame retardants for fabrics that has revealed the fact that the meagerness of data to explain and describe the process of fire protection, specifically the neglect of elastic coatings, leads to that the structures made from fabrics are ignited under the influence of a flame. Devising reliable methods to study the fire protection conditions for fabrics results in the design of new types of fireproof materials. Therefore, there is a need to determine the conditions for the formation of a barrier for water mass transport and to establish a mechanism for slowing down water penetration through the material. In this regard, an estimation-experimental method has been constructed for determining mass transfer under the action of water when using a hydrophobic coating, which makes it possible to assess water penetration. Based on the experimental data and theoretical dependences, the intensity of mass flow under the action of water has been determined, which is 0.000177 kg/m2, which ensures fabric resistance. The study results have proven that the process of waterproofing the fabric involves inhibition of the mass transfer process under the action of water by insulating the surface of the fireproof fabric with a hydrophobic coating. It should be noted that the presence of a hydrophobic coating leads to blocking the fabric surface from moisture penetration. Such a mechanism behind the effect of the hydrophobic coating is likely the factor in adjusting the process through which the integrity of an object is preserved. Thus, the sample of fireproof fabric coated with a water repellent demonstrated, after exposure to water, that the amount of water absorbed did not exceed 0.00012 kg, and, for a fabric without a water repellent, was 0.01 kg. Thus, there is reason to assert the possibility of targeted adjustment of the processes related to water penetration of the fabric by using hydrophobic coatings that could form a protective layer on the surface of the material, which inhibits the rate of water penetration.

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