THE INVESTIGATION OF INTENSITY BIOFILM FORMATION LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

Listeria monocytogenes poses a major risk for the safety of food products due to the ability to persist in food products and process line surfaces as biofilm. In this work, we investigated the L. monocytogenes biofilms in relation to development factors and possible control under different conditions. In particular, the ability of six strains of L. monocytogenes from vegetable and animal sources to form biofilms was evaluated on glass or polystyrene substrates under different temperatures (15, 30 and 37°C) and availability of nutrients, by using rich (BHI) or poor (HTM) growth media. Moreover, the effectiveness of three commonly used sanitizers (benzalkonium chloride, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide) was compared to eradicate established biofilms. Our results showed that starved conditions, hydrophilic surfaces, and high temperatures increased the L. monocytogenes ability to produce biofilms. In general, benzalkonium chloride was the most effective chemical to remove established biofilms.

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Biofilm Formation and Associated Genes in Listeria Monocytogenes

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.v12i3.7079 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

Author(s):

S. R. Warke ◽

V. C. Ingle ◽

N. V. Kurkure ◽

P. A. Tembhurne ◽

Minakshi Prasad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Multiplex Pcr ◽

Food Processing ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Biofilm Production ◽

Food Borne ◽

Serious Infections ◽

Microtiter Assay

Listeria monocytogenes, an opportunistic food borne pathogen can cause serious infections in immunocompromised individuals. L. monocytogenes is capable of producing biofilm on the surface of food processing lines and instruments.The biofilm transfers contamination to food products and impose risk to public health. In the present study biofilm producing ability of L. monocytogenes isolates were investigated phenotypically and genotypically by microtiter assay and multiplex PCR, respectively. Out of 38 L. monocytogenes isolates 14 were recovered from animal clinical cases, 12 bovine environment and 12 from milk samples. A total of 3 (21.42%) clinical, 2 (16.66%) environment and 3 (25%) milk samples respectively, revealed biofilm production in microtiter assay. Cumulative results showed that 23 (60.52%) out of 38 strains of L. monocytogenes were positive for luxS and flaA gene and 1 (2.63%) was positive only for the flaA gene.

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PrfA Led to Reduced Biofilm Formation and Contributed to Altered Gene Expression Patterns in Biofilm-Forming Listeria monocytogenes

Current Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s00284-013-0377-7 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 372-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Qin Luo ◽

Junli Shang ◽

Xiaoqin Feng ◽

Xinxin Guo ◽

Liang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Gene Expression Patterns ◽

Altered Gene Expression ◽

Altered Gene

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Chemical sanitizers to control biofilms formed by two Pseudomonas species on stainless steel surface

Food Science and Technology ◽

10.1590/s0101-20612012005000008 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 142-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Danila Soares Caixeta ◽

Thiago Henrique Scarpa ◽

Danilo Florisvaldo Brugnera ◽

Dieyckson Osvani Freire ◽

Eduardo Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Skim Milk ◽

304 Stainless Steel ◽

Stainless Steel Surface ◽

Aisi 304 ◽

Pseudomonas Species ◽

Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate ◽

Different Temperatures

The biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens on AISI 304 stainless steel in the presence of reconstituted skim milk under different temperatures was conducted, and the potential of three chemical sanitizers in removing the mono-species biofilms formed was compared. Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultivated in skim milk at 28 °C presented better growth rate (10.4 log CFU.mL-1) when compared with 3.7 and 4.2 log CFU.mL-1 for P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens cultivated at 7 °C, respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa formed biofilm when cultivated at 28 °C. However, only the adhesion of P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens was observed when incubated at 7 °C. The sodium dichloroisocyanurate was the most efficient sanitizer in the reduction of the adhered P. aeruginosa cells at 7 and 28 °C and those on the biofilm, respectively. The hydrogen peroxide was more effective in the reduction of adhered cells of P. fluorescens at 7 °C.

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Effect of lactic acid stress on biofilm formation of Escherichia coli O26 at different temperatures

Journal of Food Safety ◽

10.1111/jfs.12877 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoyu Mi ◽

Jie Hu ◽

Su Zhang ◽

Siqi Wang ◽

Wangchen Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Acid Stress ◽

Different Temperatures

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Diversity assessment of Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation: Impact of growth condition, serotype and strain origin

International Journal of Food Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.05.025 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 165 (3) ◽

pp. 259-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 93

Author(s):

Sachin R. Kadam ◽

Heidy M.W. den Besten ◽

Stijn van der Veen ◽

Marcel H. Zwietering ◽

Roy Moezelaar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Growth Condition ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Diversity Assessment

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HrcA and DnaK are important for static and continuous-flow biofilm formation and disinfectant resistance in Listeria monocytogenes

Microbiology ◽

10.1099/mic.0.043000-0 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 156 (12) ◽

pp. 3782-3790 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Stijn van der Veen ◽

Tjakko Abee

Keyword(s):

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Heat Shock Response ◽

Peracetic Acid ◽

Continuous Flow ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Benzalkonium Chloride ◽

Wild Type ◽

Shock Response ◽

Disinfectant Resistance

The food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is able to form biofilms in food processing environments. Since biofilms are generally difficult to eradicate during clean-up procedures, they pose a major risk for the food industry. Stress resistance mechanisms involved in L. monocytogenes biofilm formation and disinfectant resistance have, to our knowledge, not been identified thus far. In this study, we investigated the role of hrcA, which encodes the transcriptional regulator of the class I heat-shock response, and dnaK, which encodes a class I heat-shock response chaperone protein, in static and continuous-flow biofilm formation and resistance against benzalkonium chloride and peracetic acid. Induction of both hrcA and dnaK during continuous-flow biofilm formation was observed using quantitative real-time PCR and promoter reporters. Furthermore, in-frame deletion and complementation mutants of hrcA and dnaK revealed that HrcA and DnaK are required to reach wild-type levels of both static and continuous-flow biofilms. Finally, disinfection treatments of planktonic-grown cells and suspended static and continuous-flow biofilm cells of wild-type and mutants showed that HrcA and DnaK are important for resistance against benzalkonium chloride and peracetic acid. In conclusion, our study revealed that HrcA and DnaK are important for L. monocytogenes biofilm formation and disinfectant resistance.

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Inhibition of Biofilm Formation and Related Gene Expression of Listeria monocytogenes in Response to Four Natural Antimicrobial Compounds and Sodium Hypochlorite

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2020.617473 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Yunge Liu ◽

Lina Wu ◽

Jina Han ◽

Pengcheng Dong ◽

Xin Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Quorum Sensing ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Natural Compounds ◽

Antimicrobial Compounds ◽

Natural Antimicrobial ◽

Low Degree ◽

Chemical Disinfectant ◽

Dose Dependent

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of four natural antimicrobial compounds (cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, resveratrol and thymoquinone) plus a control chemical disinfectant (sodium hypochlorite) in inhibiting biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes CMCC54004 (Lm 54004) at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and sub-MICs. Crystal violet staining assay and microscopic examination were employed to investigate anti-biofilm effects of the evaluated compounds, and a real-time PCR assay was used to investigate the expression of critical genes by Lm 54004 biofilm. The results showed that five antimicrobial compounds inhibited Lm 54004 biofilm formation in a dose dependent way. Specifically, cinnamaldehyde and resveratrol showed better anti-biofilm effects at 1/4 × MIC, while sodium hypochlorite exhibited the lowest inhibitory rates. A swimming assay confirmed that natural compounds at sub-MICs suppressed Lm 54004 motility to a low degree. Supporting these findings, expression analysis showed that all four natural compounds at 1/4 × MIC significantly down-regulated quorum sensing genes (agrA, agrC, and agrD) rather than suppressing the motility- and flagella-associated genes (degU, motB, and flaA). This study revealed that sub-MICs of natural antimicrobial compounds reduced biofilm formation by suppressing the quorum sensing system rather than by inhibiting flagella formation.

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