Improving the Environmental Safety of Locomotive-type Diesel Engines Through the Use of Hydrogen

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
D.Ya. Nosyrev ◽  
V.V. Asabin ◽  
A.A. Mishkin ◽  
L.S. Kurmanova ◽  
S.A. Petukhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Diesel Locomotive ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Hydrogen Supply ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Board System ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

The issue of improving the environmental safety of locomotive-type diesel engines by using hydrogen is considered. The analysis of pollutants that pose a special danger to the atmosphere. To ensure reliable operation of locomotive-type diesel engine with hydrogen supply, an on-board system has been developed. To solve environmental problems in rail transport, the article provides experimental data on the assessment of the effect of hydrogen additives on the levels of emissions of harmful substances on the example of a diesel shunting diesel locomotive ChME3.

Improving the Environmental Safety of Transport Engines Using Modified Engine Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
S.A. Petukhov ◽  
L.S. Kurmanova ◽  
M.P. Erzamaev ◽  
D.S. Sazonov ◽  
D.S. Chinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

The problems of reducing emissions of harmful substances by transport engines are considered. It has been established that the use of modified engine oil is an effective way to increase the environmental safety of transport engines. The effectiveness of additives to improve the backsize of motor oil and reduce harmful emissions in the exhaust gas was evaluated. Methods for feeding additives are proposed. Technical solutions for the use of additives for transport engines have been developed. Experimental studies are presented to assess the effect of modified engine oil on the environmental safety of an engine.

Environmental Efficiency of Using Alternative Types of Fuel in Power Facility of Railway Transport

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.Ya. Nosyrev ◽  
L.S. Kurmanova ◽  
S.A. Petukhov ◽  
A.V. Muratov ◽  
M.P. Erzamaev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Power Facility ◽  
Self Consistent ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

The issues of reducing emissions of harmful substances by power facilities of railway transport are considered. It is established self-consistent railroad engines are the main source of environmental problems associated with the emission of pollutants. The main directions for the environmental safety of self-consistent railroad engines under operating conditions are given. Based on the results of the research conducted and the calculations of the cumulative indicator of the exhaust emissions of self-consistent railroad engines, it was found that the use of natural gas as a fuel is the most promising for solving environmental problems.

Significant innovations of the foreign automobile in-dustry. Environmental safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
V.А. Grushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles

Effective protection of the environment is largely determined by the perfection of drives for various types of automobile wheeled vehicles, which are responsible for the emission of harmful substances into the atmospheric air and noise emission. These aspects of environmental safety are among the most important areas of research and development for specialists in the field of automotive innovation. Keywords automobile rolling stock; structures; technologies; units; research; design; manufacture; operation; environmental safety

scholarly journals Ensuring Requirements for Emissions of Harmful Substances of Diesel Engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
G. M. Kuharonak ◽  
D. V. Kapskiy ◽  
V. I. Berezun
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Dispersed Particles ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

The purpose of this work is to consider the requirements for emissions of harmful substances of diesel engines by selecting design and adjustment parameters that determine the organization of the workflow, and the exhaust gas cleaning system, taking into account the reduction of fuel consumption. Design elements and geometric characteristics of structures for a turbocharged diesel engine of Д-245 series produced by JSC HMC Minsk Motor Plant (4ЧН11/12.5) with a capacity of 90 kW equipped with an electronically controlled battery fuel injection have been developed: exhaust gas recirculation along the high pressure circuit, shape and dimensions of the combustion chamber, the number and angular arrangement of the nozzle openings in a nozzle atomizer, and inlet channels of the cylinder head. Methods for organizing a workflow are proposed that take into account the shape of the indicator diagrams and affect the emissions of nitrogen oxides and dispersed particles differently. Their implementation allows us to determine the boundary ranges of changes in the control parameters of the fuel supply and exhaust gas recirculation systems when determining the area of minimizing the specific effective fuel consumption and the range of studies for the environmental performance of a diesel engine. The paper presents results of the study on the ways to meet  the requirements for emissions of harmful substances, obtained by considering options for the organization of working processes, taking into account the reduction in specific effective fuel consumption, changes in the average temperature of the exhaust gases and diesel equipment. To evaluate these methods, the following indicators have been identified: changes in specific fuel consumption and average temperature of the toxicity cycle relative to the base cycle, the necessary degree of conversion of the purification system for dispersed particles and NOx. Recommendations are given on choosing a diesel engine to meet Stage 4 emission standards for nitrogen oxides and dispersed particles.

scholarly journals ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ВИКИДІВ СУДНОВОГО ДИЗЕЛЯ УТИЛІЗАЦІЄЮ ТЕПЛОТИ РЕЦИРКУЛЯЦІЙНИХ ГАЗІВ ЕЖЕКТОРНОЮ ХОЛОДИЛЬНОЮ МАШИНОЮ

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Максим Андрійович Пирисунько ◽  
Роман Миколайович Радченко ◽  
Андрій Адольфович Андреєв ◽  
Вікторія Сергіївна Корнієнко
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Refrigeration Machine ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

The problem of air basin pollution of the World Ocean with harmful emissions from the exhaust gases of marine diesel engines is primarily associated with the creation of highly efficient technologies for the neutralization of nitrogen oxides NOx on exhaust gases from a diesel engine. Emissions of harmful substances from the combustion of marine fuels are limited by international atmospheric protection programs and the requirements of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The requirements relate to almost all groups of harmful emissions in marine engines and the more stringent of them are primarily related to nitrogen oxides NOx and sulfur oxides SOx. To reduce harmful emissions from exhaust gases into the environment, scientists and world engine leaders use and suggest various methods for reducing the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases. The implementation of new standards in the areas of further improvement of the working process, the use of alternative fuels, fuel, and air additives, as well as selective catalytic reduction systems do not preclude further development of scientific research in the field of exhaust gas cleaning. One of the promising ways in environmentalizing marine internal combustion engines is the neutralization of harmful substances in exhaust gases through particular gas recirculation (EGR-technology). However, the use of such techniques conflicts with the engine's energy efficiency. In the work presented, the scheme-design solution of the exhaust gas recirculation system with using the heat of recirculation gases by an ejector refrigeration machine for cooling the air at the intake of ship's main engine is proposed. The effect of using the heat of recirculation gases for cooling the air at the intake of the engine is analyzed taking into account the changing climatic conditions for a particular vessel's route line. It is shown that the use of an ejector refrigeration machine reduces the air temperature at the entrance of the main engine by 5…15 ° С, which reduces the specific fuel consumption. This reduces emissions of harmful substances when the engine is running with recirculation of gases.

Evaluation of Sub-micrometer-Sized Particles Generated from a Diesel Locomotive and Jackleg Drilling in an Underground Metal Mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 876-889
Author(s):  
Candace Su-Jung Tsai ◽  
Nara Shin ◽  
Jürgen Brune
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Diesel Locomotive ◽  
Drilling Operation ◽  
Respirable Particles ◽  
Metal Mine

Abstract Concerns have been raised regarding small respirable particles, i.e. sub-micrometer-sized particles, associated with mining activities. This evaluation was designed to investigate the emissions from jackleg drilling and diesel engines and to characterize the nature of emitted particles using gravimetric analysis and number metrics. The mass concentration to which workers are potentially exposed was determined from a 4-h sampling in the vicinity of drilling activities in an underground metal mine; this concentration was found to be lower than 0.6 mg m−3 of total respirable dust. This mass concentration is low; however, the number concentrations of emitted particles from drilling exceeded 1 × 106 particles cm−3 in areas 7–9 m downwind from the drilling operation. Sub-micrometer-sized particles were also observed in aerosol samples collected using a specialized sampler, and various elements associated with drilling were found among these emitted particles. Finally, the particles in the diesel exhaust were collected, and the exhaust was found to contain nanometer-sized particles.

scholarly journals The Gasoline Diesel

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (09) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Ciatti
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Gasoline Engines ◽  
Engine Efficiency

This article evaluates engine efficiency as a step towards improving fuel economy and emissions performance. Diesel engines tend to be very efficient; however, they have an emissions problem. They require complex and expensive equipment to meet pollution mandates. Spark ignition gasoline engines, on the other hand, do a much better job with emissions, but they are inherently less efficient. Thus, the research team at Argonne National Laboratory has decided to look for ways to combine the best characteristics of both. This new system is more like traditional diesel combustion than spark ignition, but uses a gasoline-like fuel and an innovative approach to combustion to minimize emissions. Diesel engines tend to run lean, meaning there is more oxygen in the mix than fuel, which reduces in-cylinder average temperatures. Research shows that gasoline spark engines have fatal efficiency flaws but comply easily and relatively inexpensively with emission requirements. Diesels are more efficient, but carry a heavy penalty for emission compliance. Different research teams’ challenge is to ensure robust, reliable operation during transient operation. The new system’s torque profile is essentially the same as that of a conventional diesel, and it provides excellent performance in the powerband where most people drive.

Thermal modelling of modern diesel engines: proposal of a new heat transfer coefficient correlation

2011 ◽  
Vol 225 (11) ◽  
pp. 1544-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Finol ◽  
K Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Simple Relationship

Existing methods for predicting heat fluxes and temperatures in internal combustion engines, which take the form of correlations to estimate the heat transfer coefficient on the gas-side of the combustion chamber, are based on methodology developed over the past 50 years, often updated in view of more recent experimental data. The application of these methods to modern diesels engines is questionable because key technologies found in current engines did not exist or were not widely used when those methods were developed. Examples of such technologies include: high-pressure common rail and variable fuel injection strategies including retarded injection for nitrogen oxides emission control; exhaust gas re-circulation; high levels of intake boost pressure provided by a single- or double-stage turbocharger and inter-cooling; multiple valves per cylinder and lower swirl; and advanced engine management systems. This suggests a need for improved predicting tools of thermal conditions, specifically temperature and heat flux profiles in the engine block and cylinder head. In this paper a modified correlation to predict the gas-side heat transfer coefficient in diesel engines is presented. The equation proposed is a simple relationship between Nu and Re calibrated to predict the instantaneous spatially averaged heat transfer coefficient at several operating conditions using air as gas in the model. It was derived from the analysis of experimental data obtained in a modern diesel engine and is supported by a research methodology comprising the application of thermodynamic principles and fundamental equations of heat transfer. The results showed that the new correlation adequately predicted the instantaneous coefficient throughout the operating cycle of a high-speed diesel engine. It also estimated the corresponding cycle-averaged heat transfer coefficient within 10 per cent of the experimental value for the operating conditions considered in the analysis.

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