scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE DENTIFRICE INFLUENCE ON ENAMEL MATURE IN THE ASPECT OF AGE AND CARIES ACTIVITY IN 6–7, 12, 15 YEAR OLD SCHOOLCHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Nasretdinova ◽  
Yuliya Mandra ◽  
Vladimir Bazarnyy ◽  
Anastasiya Kotikova ◽  
Yulia Dimitrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Test ◽  
Random Numbers ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Caries Activity ◽  
Lasting Effect ◽  
Functional Methods ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Hard Tissues ◽  
Number Of Authors

It is possible to increase the effectiveness of preventive dental measures by a differentiated approach to the use of toothpastes [3]. The most intensive incorporation of calcium and fluorides into the composition of the hard tissues of teeth occurs during their formation and mineralization [4, 5]. At the end of the growth and mineralization of the teeth, the enamel and dentin of the teeth become less permeable to fluoride, but the need for them does not disappear. Also, a number of authors note that the need for ions with different caries activity may differ. The purpose of our study was to study the effectiveness of the use of toothpastes in 6–7, 12, 15-year-old schoolchildren with various caries activity. We examined 532 children, attending organized children's groups in Yekaterinburg. By a randomization procedure based on the method of random numbers, children were divided into groups according to the type of paste used: calcium-containing, fluorine-containing, combined use of calcium and fluorine-containing pastes, paste based on organosilicon glycerohydrogel. The toothpastes effectiveness was assessed by the change in enamel resistance by functional methods: electrometry and Enamel Resistance Test. The annual increase in caries was taken into account. It was found that calcium-containing toothpastes are most effective in the first month of use, then the effect of their use weakens. Fluoride toothpastes lead to a persistent but slow increase in enamel resistance. The combined use of calcium and fluoride toothpastes gives a quick and lasting effect. A paste based on organosilicon glycerohydrogel gives a persistent decrease in enamel electrometry, with the best results in the group of schoolchildren with high caries activity.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DEFECTS OF HARD TISSUES OF DENTS AND DENTAL SERIES USING DIGITAL FUNCTIONAL METHODS

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Aleksey Rogozhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Orthopedic Treatment ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Functional Methods ◽  
Hard Tissues ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Functional Examination

Subject. The current level of development of dentistry requires the use of an algorithm for diagnosis, monitoring and quality control of orthopedic treatment of patients using functional research methods, planning and manufacturing of dental prosthesis designs based on digital technologies. The goal is to develop an algorithm for orthopedic treatment of patients with defects in the hard tissues of teeth and dentitions using digital functional examination methods. Methodology. Clinical data are based on the results of orthopedic treatment of two groups of patients with defects in the hard tissues of teeth and dentitions. The main group consisted of 129 people, whose diagnostic and treatment complex had an extended instrumental clinical and functional analysis of static and dynamic ratios of teeth and jaws, and orthopedic treatment was carried out according to an improved CAD/CAM protocol. Comparison group ― 147 people, comprehensive dental diagnostics and prosthetic treatment carried out using the standard CAD/CAM technique. Results. Using in-depth functional diagnostics of the dento-jaw system based on digital technologies, a comprehensive assessment of the status of the dental status of the examined patients is given, an algorithm for their comprehensive diagnosis and treatment is developed, indications for their prosthetics in the usual occlusion or in the central ratio of the jaws are specified. The production of fixed anatomical structures of dentures has been optimized by improving the methodology for modeling their masticatory surfaces using the Hint-Els CAD/CAM system. Conclusions. Analysis of the examination results and monitoring of the stages of orthopedic treatment of patients testifies to the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and advanced CAD/CAM technology. The developed indications for the replacement of defects in the hard tissues of teeth and dentitions are determined as the result of many years of research that can achieve practical results ― increasing the effectiveness of their treatment using digital functional diagnostic methods and orthopedic treatment.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF SALIVATION RATE AND VISCOSITY OF ORAL LIQUID IN ADOLESCENTS 15-18 YEARS OLD WITH CARIES, WHO STUDY IN DIFFERENT EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
L.F. Kaskova ◽  
I.I. Drozda ◽  
L.P. Ulasevych
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
The State ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Caries Activity ◽  
Reliable Difference ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Hard Tissues ◽  
Oral Liquid

Caries is the most widespread stomatological disease among children, teenagers, and adults. After their eruption, hard tooth tissues are under the constant influence of oral liquid, property, and composition of which constantly change under the influence of different factors, such as local and general. Local and general factors, among which there is the state of hygiene of oral cavity, presence of somatic pathologies, psycho-emotional state of patient and others, influence the indexes of oral liquid. Considerable influence of the development of pathology of hard tissues has increased the secretion of saliva, its viscosity. Worsening of these indexes speeds the formation of dental plaque and change of its microbial composition, which, in turn, results in the demineralization of enamel. Therefore, a study of the speed of salivation and viscosity of mouth liquid in teenagers with caries is a pressing problem for the further planning of prophylactic measures in them. Undertaken studies of the speed of salivation certify the difference of indexes for teenagers, that study in different establishments of education. Thus, among 15 and 16-years-old teenagers that attend school an index was higher for schoolchildren as compared to the college students (p0,01), which could be explained by better stomatological status for them: the school attenders had the compensated degree of activity of caries, and college students ̶ compensated, subcompensated and decompensated. For schoolchildren speed of salivation improves from the age of 15 to 16 (p0,01), and for the students of the college, it remains almost at the same level. Students of university at 17 and 18 years had an index of the speed of salivation, that met a standard and did not have a reliable difference in different age-old periods, but had a reliable difference when compared to the index of college students. Speed of salivation for college attenders decreased with age and had the worst result in 18 years old. Leaning on the obtained data, there is ap necessity of the study of this index, according to the degree of activity of caries. From all examined patients, the best index of the speed of salivation was in teenagers with the compensated degree of caries activity, the worst  ̶ in decompensated. The students of different educational establishments have the educed reliable difference of speed of salivation. The worst indexes were found in the examined college students, regardless of the degree of caries activity. The received results need a more detailed study of the reasons of origin of the cariogenic situation of this contingent of teenagers. The viscosity of oral liquid has a considerable influence on the state of the hard tissues of teeth. Its increase results in the considerable accumulation of dental stratifications, increase in the amount of microflora that results in focal demineralization. We found the dependence of this index on the degree of caries activity in attenders of different educational establishments. The viscosity of the oral liquid increases with the increase of index of intensity of caries and reaches a maximum for teenagers with the decompensated degree of caries activity. The worst index is found in college students with the decompensated degree of caries activity. Even at the identical degree of caries activity, the viscosity of mouth liquid in teenagers, that study in a college is higher than in those, who attend school or university. The received results of research need a more detailed study of factors that influence on the origin of the cariogenic situation in the mouth cavity for college students. The results of our research testify to the presence of the highly expressed cariogenic situation in the oral cavity of teenagers, that study in a college that is expressed in the decline of the index of the speed of salivation and increase of viscosity of the oral liquid. Indexes that were studied deteriorate depending on age and degree of caries activity, and reach the maximum in 18-years-old college students. Both, speed of salivation and viscosity of oral liquid were the worst in teenagers with the decompensated degree of caries activity. The received results have to be directed for the development of prophylactic measures at this contingent to increase the resistance of hard tooth tissues for prevention of appearance and development of caries in them.

scholarly journals Research productivity across different ophthalmic subspecialties in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Assaf Gershoni ◽  
Igor Vainer ◽  
Olga Reitblat ◽  
Francis B. Mimouni ◽  
Eitan Livny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vitreous Surgery ◽  
H Index ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Number Of Authors

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to compare the h-index, and subsequently the research productivity, among different ophthalmic subspecialties in the United States. Methods A cohort of over 15,000 academic ophthalmologists residing in the United States (US) was identified out of the physician list of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Of them, 1000 ophthalmologists with at least one publication were randomly retrieved, 100 in each of the following 10 subspecialties: cataract, cornea/external disease, glaucoma, medical retina, neuro-ophthalmology, pediatric ophthalmology, plastic/reconstructive ophthalmology, refractive surgery, retina/vitreous surgery and uveitis. Data collected included: number of published papers, h-index score, annual increase in h-index and the mean number of authors on each paper. Results The mean h-index amongst all subspecialties was 9.87 ± 13.90, and the mean average annual increase in h-index was 0.22 ± 0.21. The mean number of papers published was 37.20 ± 80.08 and the mean number of authors on each paper was 3.39 ± 0.84. Uveitis was the most prolific subspecialty in mean number of papers (74.78 ± 131.37), in mean h-index (16.69 ± 20.00) and in mean annual increase in h-index (0.35 ± 0.28). The least fertile subspecialty with regards to research was cataract with 11.06 ± 27.65 mean number of papers, a mean h-index of 3.89 ± 5.84, and a mean annual increase in h-index of 0.11 ± 0.11. Conclusions This study describes the research productivity in each ophthalmic subspecialty in the US, thus providing information on the research performance of each field and on the expected academic accomplishments within it.

The journal Nuklearmedizin

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (06) ◽  
pp. 229-233
Author(s):  
A. Jigalin ◽  
H. Lerch
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Molecular Therapy ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Functional Therapy ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Functional Methods ◽  
Medical Specialities ◽  
Basic Medical ◽  
Number Of Authors

Summary Aim and Method: The scientific publications in the 2001 and 2002 issues of the journal Nuklearmedizin. Journal of Functional and Molecular Imaging were analyzed retrospectively with regard to molecular imaging/therapy content criteria. Results: Out of a total of 82 original papers and case reports 83% were based on molecular or functional methods, 91% of them using commercially available tracers, 57% were categorized as molecular imaging, 11% as molecular therapy, 12% as functional imaging and 2% as functional therapy. 3% of the studies were categorized as experimental research. Researchers from medical specialities other than nuclear medicine were co-authors in 71% of the articles, they were rooted in basic medical sciences in 16%. Of the 65 original papers 51% were predominantly dedicated to methodological development; 49% of them were prospective studies. Conclusion: The subtitle Journal of Functional and Molecular Imaging describes the current practice of publishing in Nuklearmedizin. The number of authors from other specialities shows that multidisciplinar integration within the field of molecular imaging is performed. Nevertheless, more integration of basic medical sciences is needed. Nuklearmedizin contributes to the insight of molecular imaging and to its clinical application in humans.

The Interpretation of Solar Spectral Intensities

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
R.W.P. McWhirter
Keyword(s):  
Emission Measure ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Atomic Data ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Atomic Properties ◽  
Outer Atmosphere ◽  
Spectral Intensities ◽  
Thin Plasma ◽  
Number Of Authors

The intensity of a specrtal line from an optically thin plasma such as the outer atmosphere of the sun depends on both the atomic properties of the atomic ion responsible for the line and the physical nature of the plasma. In this paper we discuss the various ways in which the measured spectral intensities from the sun are used to discover something about the nature of the sun’s atmosphere. The technique has been referred to as the emission measure method. It has important limitations in terms of the accuracy of the specrtal data as well as the atomic data. We discuss some of these and suggest methods by which they may be assessed. The technique is illustrated by application to real observations from a number of authors.

Casting with resins

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 326-330
Author(s):  
J. Smith ◽  
B. Latimer
Keyword(s):  
Plaster Casting ◽  
Number Of Authors

Fossils are characteristically uncommon, making it impossible to distribute original specimens to all interested investigators. Dissemination of information, therefore, often depends upon the circulation of accurate reproductions. Such reproductions or casts can be made from a variety of materials including plasters and two-part resins. Using resins for the casting of paleontological specimens was discussed by a number of authors, including Burke and Jensen, 1961; Madsen, 1974; Parsons, 1973; Schrimper, 1973; Reser, 1981; and Burke et al., 1983 (see additional references in Hannibal, this volume, chapter 6). Plaster casting is covered by Babcock (this volume, chapter 34).

The Impact of Anglicizing Former German-Language Psychology Journals on Authorship and Citation Frequencies

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Krampen ◽  
Thomas Huckert ◽  
Gabriel Schui
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
English Language ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
German Language ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Authors

Exemplary for other than English-language psychology journals, the impact of recent Anglicization of five former German-language psychology journals on (1) authorship (nationality, i.e., native language, and number of authors, i.e., single or multiple authorships), (2) formal characteristics of the journal (number of articles per volume and length of articles), and (3) number of citations of the articles in other journal articles, the language of the citing publications, and the impact factors (IF) is analyzed. Scientometric data on these variables are gathered for all articles published in the four years before anglicizing and in the four years after anglicizing the same journal. Results reveal rather quick changes: Citations per year since original articles’ publication increase significantly, and the IF of the journals go up markedly. Frequencies of citing in German-language journals decrease, citing in English-language journals increase significantly after the Anglicization of former German-language psychology journals, and there is a general trend of increasing citations in other languages as well. Side effects of anglicizing former German-language psychology journals include the publication of shorter papers, their availability to a more international authorship, and a slight, but significant increase in multiple authorships.

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