scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Dapsone Against Ethanol, Stress, and Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Erosion in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sheibani ◽  
Sadaf Nezamoleslami ◽  
Nastaran Rahimi ◽  
Ata Abbasi ◽  
Ahmad Reza Dehpour
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Gastric Damage ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ethanol Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastric Erosion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Gastric Erosions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Several factors contribute to the development of gastric erosions, including corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), alcohol, and stress. These factors can cause or worsen gastrointestinal ulcers by activating inflammatory pathways or by altering gastric mucosal blood flow. Dapsone is an antimicrobial compound with anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of dapsone against gastric erosions induced by alcohol, stress, or indomethacin. Gastric damage was induced in male rats in three different experimental models: ethanol (5 ml/kg, p.o.)-, water-immersion stress-, and indomethacin (30 mg/kg, p.o.)- induced ulcer. Rats in each of these three experimental models were divided into five groups: Normal group, 2. Control group (gastric damage+vehicle), 3. Gastric damage+dapsone 1 mg/kg, 4. Gastric damage+dapsone 3 mg/kg, 5. Gastric damage+dapsone 10 mg/kg. In this study, the J- score ulcer index and histopathological assessment were performed. In addition, inflammatory cytokines levels, NF-κB expression, and MPO activity were determined. Dapsone reduced the tissue injuries and erosion area in all three experimental groups compared to the control group. In addition, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, and IL-1β were reduced in the dapsone treatment groups. The expression of NF-κB and tissue concentration of myeloperoxidase (a marker of neutrophil activation) was also reduced in rats given dapsone. To conclude, dapsone exhibits significant protective effects against the development of experimental gastric erosions in rats, and these effects seem to be related to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Dapsone Attenuates the Severity of Gastric Erosion Induced by Ethanol; Stress; and Indomethacin in Rats: A Pharmacological Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sheibani ◽  
Sadaf Nezamoleslami ◽  
Nastaran Rahimi ◽  
Ata Abbasi ◽  
ahmad reza dehpour
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Neutrophil Activation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Ethanol Stress ◽  
Gastric Erosion ◽  
Gastric Erosions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background: Dapsone, as an antimicrobial compound, has shown strong anti-inflammatory properties in clinical and experimental studies. Inflammation in stomach mocusa produce gastric erosion. Several factors contribute to the development of gastric erosions, including corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), alcohol, and stress. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the effects of dapsone against gastric erosions-induced by alcohol, stress, or indomethacin in rat.Methods: Gastric damage was induced in male rats in different three experimental models including ethanol (5 ml/kg, p.o.)-, water-immersion stress-, and indomethacin (30 mg/kg, p.o.)- induced gastric injury. Macroscopic lesion scores (the J- score), inflammatory cytokines levels, NF-κB protein expression, MPO activity, and histopathological evaluation were assessed. Results: Induction of erosion in gastric mocusal led to a significant increase in J-score as an index of macroscopic parameter, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) as biochemical markers, NF-κB and myeloperoxidase (a marker of neutrophil activation, as well microscopic deterioration. Dapsone reduced the tissue injuries and erosion area, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, the expression of NF-κB and tissue concentration of myeloperoxidase (a marker of neutrophil activation) in all three experimental groups. Furthermore, the histopathological studies revealed the reduction of damages in dapsone treated animals.Conclusions: To conclude, dapsone exhibits significant gastro-protective effects against the development of experimental gastric erosions in rats which seems to be related to its anti-inflammatory properties.

scholarly journals Celecoxib Decrease Seizures Susceptibility in a Rat Model of Inflammation by Inhibiting HMGB1 Translocation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Hadeel Alsaegh ◽  
Hala Eweis ◽  
Fatemah Kamal ◽  
Aziza Alrafiah
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Inflammatory Models ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Lung And Kidney ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

The risk of developing epilepsy is strongly linked to peripheral inflammatory disorders in humans. High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) has the most focus for being a suspect in this scenario. The current study aimed to detect the celecoxib effect, an anti-inflammatory drug, on decreasing seizure susceptibility and organ damage in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)/pilocarpine (PILO) pretreated Wistar rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups (8 each): group 1 (control), group 2 (PILO), group 3 (PILO+LPS), group 4 (PILO+LPS+(VPA) Valproic acid), group 5 (PILO+LPS+Celecoxib), and group 6 (PILO+LPS+VPA+Celecoxib). LPS was used to induce sepsis and PILO to induce seizures. Oxidative stress markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and HMGB1 levels in serum and brain homogenate were evaluated. Histopathological studies were conducted on the hippocampus, liver, lung, and kidney. Treatment with celecoxib either alone or in combination with VPA significantly reduced Racine score and delays latency to generalized tonic-clonic seizures onset with a significant decrease in hippocampal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and increase in reduced glutathione. In addition, celecoxib treatment either alone or in combination with VPA suppressed HMGB1translocation into peripheral circulation more than treatment with VPA alone. Furthermore, hippocampus, liver, lung, and kidney histopathological changes were improved in contrast to other epileptic groups. Celecoxib either alone or combined with VPA has antiepileptic and multiorgan protective effects on acute seizures and inflammatory models induced by PILO with LPS. It decreased histopathological findings, oxidative, and inflammatory effects induced by VPA and LPS. This might be due to its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-HMGB1 mediated effects.

INFLUENCE OF THE DURABLE APPLICATION OF PROTONIC PUMP INHIBITORS ON CYTOKINE CONCENTRATION IN RAT BLOOD SERUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1575-1580
Author(s):  
Serhii V. Pylypenko ◽  
Andrii A. Koval ◽  
Makarchuk V. Viktoria ◽  
Kostiantyn F. Chub
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hcl Secretion ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Group 1

The aim: Of the work was to determine the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood serum of the control group rats and after 28 days of inhibiting HCl secretion in the stomach by proton pump blockers “Omeprazole” and “Pantoprazole”. Materials and methods: The studies were performed on 30 white non-linear male rats weighing 160-180 g, divided into three groups with 10 animals in each. The control (group 1) were injected intraperitoneally with water for injections within 28 days once a day. Group 2 was administered omeprazole. Group 3 was administered pantoprazole. The concentration of cytokines in the blood serum of rats was determined by the enzyme immunoassay method. For statistic data processing, Student’s t-criterion for independent samples was applied. Results: After prolonged administration of omeprazole and pantoprazole, the blood serum concentrations of IFNγ, TNFα, IL-1 in rats increased by 58.5% and 3.41%, 73.3% and 48.4%, 80.2% and 40.8%, respectively, and IL-12B 40p decreased by 36.6% when using omeprazole and was almost indistinguishable from the control values when pantoprazole was administered. With administration of omeprazole, IL-4 concentration decreased by 39.8% and that of pantoprazole increased by 3.86% compared to the control. Administration of omeprazole and pantoprazole did not affect IL-6 concentration. Conclusion: Inhibition of hydrochloric acid secretion in the stomach of rats for 28 days using omeprazole and pantoprazole led to an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The adverse effect of pantoprazole was less pronounced than that of omeprazole.

scholarly journals The protective effects of Ocimum basilicum extract against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in male rats; an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and antiapoptotic action

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e21-e21
Author(s):  
Hassan Askari ◽  
Fatemeh Zeinali ◽  
Hamed Haghi-Aminjan ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Hafizi ◽  
Amirhesam Alirezaei
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction: Some studies are in favor of protective and anti-inflammatory effects of Ocimum basilicum (OB) against renal failure. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of OB extract against gentamicin (GM)-induced nephrotoxicity in male rat models of acute kidney injury. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven adult male Wistar rats with the weight of 200-250 g were prepared under standard condition (12 h light/dark cycle, 20 to 22°C temperature). In the gentamicin group (GM), the rats were administrated normal saline (5 mL/kg; oral) for four consecutive weeks and then GM (80 mg/kg/d; intraperitoneal) for another one week. In the third (OB-200+ GM) and fourth (OB-800+ GM) groups, the rats were initially treated with OB extract (200 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg respectively; oral) for four consecutive weeks followed by intraperitoneal administration of 80 mg/kg/d GM for another one week. The control group was treated with normal saline (5 mL/kg; oral) for five consecutive weeks. They were sacrificed under deep anesthesia, then plasma and tissue samples were obtained. Results: Treatment with OB hydro-alcoholic extract decreased BUN, serum Cr, FeNa and the levels of TNF-a and NF-kB and also diminished the rate of apoptosis in renal tubular cells compared to gentamicin group. Conclusion: Our findings provide comprehensive evidence supporting the beneficial role of OB, a traditional medicinal herb, as a potential therapeutic supplement to prevent the incidence and progression of renal impairment in GM-induced renal toxicity.

scholarly journals Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in the First Trimester—Comparison of Missed Miscarriage and Normal Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8538
Author(s):  
Maciej Kwiatek ◽  
Tomasz Gęca ◽  
Anna Kwaśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Tgf Β1

The advantage in response of Th2 over Th1 is observed in normal pregnancy in peripheral blood. A disturbance of this balance can lead to symptoms of miscarriage and pregnancy loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in sera of women who were diagnosed with missed miscarriage in the first trimester and to compare this systemic immune response to the response in women with normal pregnancy. The study group consisted of 61 patients diagnosed with missed miscarriage. In total, 19 healthy women with uncomplicated first trimester created the control group. Cytokines were determined in the maternal serum by ELISA. The analysis included INF-γ, TNF-α, Il-1β, Il-4, Il-5, Il-6, Il-9, Il-10, Il-13 and TGF-β1. Th1 cytokine levels in the study group reached slightly higher values for INF-γ, Il-1β and slightly lower for IL-6 and TNF-α. In turn, Th2 cytokine levels in the study group were slightly higher (Il-9, Il-13), significantly higher (Il4, p = 0.015; Il-5, p = 0.0003) or showed no differences with the control group (Il-10). Slightly lower concentration involved only TGF-β1. Analysis of the correlation between levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines resulted in some discrepancies, without showing predominance of a specific immune response. The results did not confirm that women with missed miscarriage had an advantage in any type of immune response in comparison to women with normal pregnancy.

scholarly journals NEW APPROACHES TO POSTOPERATIVE TREATMENT PERITONITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
V. Maksymyuk ◽  
M. Sheremet
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Septic Complications ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Anticytokine Therapy ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Experimental Group

A significant role in the pathogenesis of peritonitis is attributed to free radical mechanisms of tissue damage. Due to inhibition of a number of membrane-bound enzymes and FRO of lipids of plasma membranes, foci of secondary necrosis appear in the peritoneum. Oxidized lipids have antigenic properties, and therefore stimulate autoimmune processes of tissue damage. In the pathogenesis of peritonitis, an important role is played by inflammatory mediators - cytokines. Their biological activity is manifested by the action on highly specific receptors located on cells. At the same time, interleukins and tumor necrosis factor act on all cells, exhibiting a systemic effect. It was found that the activity of ceruloplasmin in the blood plasma of patients in the control group progressively decreased from the first to the fifth day of the postoperative period, from 77.2 ± 5.61 to 59.32 ± 4.42 o.o. / g of protein, and in the patients of the experimental group it increased highly reliably - from 77.2 ± 5.61 to 97.31 ± 4.42 o.o. / h protein (p <0.001). The same pattern is characteristic of catalase activity. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in patients of both groups significantly decreased up to 3 days after the operation and increased on the fifth day, and it was more pronounced in the patients of the experimental group. When studying the level of cytokines, it was found that the expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1b, IL-8, TNFa exceeded the control values, while the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1Ra was "delayed" (almost twofold). The highest expression of IL-1b, IL-8 potentiated further chain of pro-inflammatory reactions indicates the adequacy of the anti-inflammatory response and the relative balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and the adequacy of anticytokine therapy. The total number of septic complications (PBS) in the control group was 82.4%, and in the experimental group it was 66.7%. In dynamics study of pro- and antioxidant systems and serum concentra-tions of cytokine in the patients with acute peritonitis was high prognostic significance of results this study, which allows defining treatment tactic of these patients. To include in complex post-operative treatment of these pa-tients with evaluated antioxidant and anticytokine therapy allowed reducing the development of purulent-septic complications from 82.4 to 66.7%, which increased effectively of treatment in such patients and reduced the term of hospitality.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PROCESSES AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION WITH ATHEROSCLEROTIC VASCULAR CHANGES AND INDICATORS ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CKD STAGES II-IV

2015 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
O.M. Loboda ◽  
І.V. Krasyuk ◽  
V.V. Alexeeva ◽  
L.V. Korol ◽  
V.Y. Druanska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bilateral Carotid ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Relationship Of

The aim of our study was to determine the relationship of processes of atherogenesis and indicators of endothelial dysfunction with the processes of activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and chronic inflammation in patients with CKD stages II-IV. Material and methods. Levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, indicators of lipid peroxidation, the thickness of the intima-media (IMT) of the carotid artery, ankle-brachial index (ABI) were measured in 90 patients with CKD stage II-IV (30 - CKD st. II, 31 patients with CKD st. III and 29 st. IV CKD patients) and 30 healthy subjects (control group). The correlation analysis was performed to identify the possible association between the obtained parameters of atherosclerotic vascular lesions and endothelial dysfunction and indices of lipid peroxidation and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Results. The average levels of interferon-y, interleukin (IL) -1p and IL-10 in patients with CKD II-IV Art. were significantly increased compared with the corresponding values in the control group. The average levels of malondialde- hyde (MDA) of serum and MDA of erythrocyte in CKD patients was significantly increased compared with the corresponding values in the control group, and the antioxidant system indices - total peroxidase activity of erythrocytes and serum levels of the sulfhydrylgroups was significantly reduced relative to the corresponding values in the group control. 39 (43%) patients with CKD st. II-IV were recorded carotid atherosclerotic changes. The IMT (from 0.91 to 1.29 mm) defined in 22 (56%) patients and atherosclerotic plaques (IMT > 1,3 mm) defined in 17 (44%) patients. Bilateral carotid atherosclerotic lesions was observed in 14 (36%) patients with CKD st. II-IV. Endothelial dysfunction was observed in 71 (79%) patients with CKD st. II-IV. There was a statistically significant association between indicators of chronic inflammation, lipid peroxidation and indicators of atherosclerotic vascular lesions and endothelial dysfunction. Conclusion. Pathological processes ofLPO activation, chronic inflammation are closely linked between themselves and progression of atherosclerotic vascular lesions in CKD.

Protective effect of vanillin against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative brain injury in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Makni ◽  
Yassine Chtourou ◽  
Mohamed Barkallah ◽  
Hamadi Fetoui
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Oxidative Brain Injury

This study investigated the protective effects of vanillin against acute brain damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. The study was performed on 32 male rats divided into four groups: a control group, vanillin group ([Va] 150 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally [i.p.]) and CCl4 toxication groups received a single injection of CCl4 (1 ml/kg, i.p.; CCl4 and Va + CCl4 groups). The degree of protection in brain tissue was evaluated by the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase, glutathione transferase, glutathione peroxidase and nitric oxide (NO). Vanillin showed a significant brain-protective effect by decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation and NO2 and elevated the activities of antioxidative enzymes and level of GSH. Consequently vanillin blocked oxidative brain damage induced by CCl4 in rats.

Artemisinin improves neurocognitive deficits associated with sepsis by activating the AMPK axis in the microglia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Peng Lin ◽  
Jue-Xian Wei ◽  
Shan Ye ◽  
Jiasong Hu ◽  
Jingyi Bu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Background and purpose: Artemisinin has been in use as an anti-malarial drug for almost half a century in the world. There is growing evidence that artemisinin also possesses potent anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties. However, the efficacy of artemisinin treatment in neurocognitive deficits associated with sepsis remains unknown. Here, we evaluate the possible protective effects and explore the underlying mechanism of artemisinin on cognitive impairment resulting from sepsis.Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with either vehicle or artemisinin, and then injected with LPS to establish an animal model of sepsis. The cognitive function was then assessed using the Morris water maze. Neuronal damage and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus were evaluated by immunohistochemical and ELISA analysis. Additionally, the protective mechanism of artemisinin was determined in vitro.Results: The results showed that artemisinin preconditioning attenuated LPS-induced cognitive impairment, neural damage, and microglial activation in the mouse brain. The in vitro experiment revealed that artemisinin could reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppress the microglial migration in the BV2 microglia cells. Meanwhile, western blot demonstrated that artemisinin suppressed nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e. tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6) by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinaseα1 (AMPKα1) pathway. Furthermore, knock-down of AMPKα1 markedly abolished the anti-inflammatory effects of artemisinin.Conclusion: Artemisinin is a potential therapeutic agent for sepsis-associated neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment, and its effect was probably mediated by the activation of AMPKα1 signalling pathway in microglia.

scholarly journals Effects of Decursin and Angelica gigas Nakai Root Extract on Hair Growth in Mouse Dorsal Skin via Regulating Inflammatory Cytokines

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3697
Author(s):  
Tae-Kyeong Lee ◽  
Bora Kim ◽  
Dae Won Kim ◽  
Ji Hyeon Ahn ◽  
Hyejin Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Angelica Gigas ◽  
Angelica Gigas Nakai ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

This current study investigates the facilitative effects and mechanisms of decursin, a major component of Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN), and AGN root extract on hair growth in mice. We perform high-performance liquid chromatography on AGN extract to show it contains 7.3% decursin. Hairs in mouse dorsal skin are shaved distilled in water, 0.15% decursin, and 2% AGN root extract (0.15% decursin in the diluted extract) and topically applied twice a day for 17 days. Hematoxylin and eosin staining are done to examine the morphological changes in the hair follicles. To compare the effects of decursin and AGN extract on inflammatory cytokines in the dorsal skin, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry for tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β as pro-inflammatory cytokines, and IL-4 and IL-13 as anti-inflammatory cytokines are conducted. The results show that the application of decursin and AGN extract confer effects on hair growth. Hair growth is significantly facilitated from seven days after the treatments compared to that in the control group, and completely grown hair was found 17 days after the treatments. The protein levels and immunoreactivity of TNF-α and IL-1β in this case are significantly decreased, whereas the IL-4 and IL-13 levels and immunoreactivity are significantly increased compared to those in the control group. Additionally, high-mobility group box 1, an inflammatory mediator, is elevated by the topical application of decursin and AGN extract. Taken together, the treatment of mouse dorsal skin with AGE root extract containing decursin promotes hair growth by regulating pro- and/or anti-inflammatory cytokines. We, therefore, suggest that AGN root extract as well as decursin can be utilized as materials for developing hair growth-facilitating treatments.

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