scholarly journals The Relationship Between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders and Childhood Chronic Functional Constipation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedram Ataee ◽  
Hadi Badiee ◽  
Soleiman Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Borhan Moradveisi ◽  
Daem Roshani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

Chronic constipation is one of the most common problems in children. It can cause anxiety and psychological problems in patients and parents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) in children with chronic functional constipation. This is a case-control study performed at the gastroenterology clinic of Besat Hospital Sanandaj for one year. The children aged 7-14-year-old with chronic functional constipation were selected as a case group, and the healthy children were recruited as a control group, who referred for growth control. Then, the Maudsley questionnaire for obsessive-compulsive disorders was completed by a trained assistant. With this questionnaire, the presence or absence of OCD and its type can be determined. Forty-three children were selected as the case group and sixty-seven children as the control group. The mean age of the case and control group was 9.3±1.5 and 8.8±1.6 years, respectively. Based on the results, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of checking, cleaning, slowness, doubting, and total obsessive score (P˂0.05). Therefore, all five types of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the case group were greater than the control group. Obsessive-compulsive disorders were more common in children with functional constipation, and the total obsessive score in these children than the healthy children was a significant difference.

scholarly journals Relationship between Obsessive-compulsive Disorder and Overactive Bladder Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Allameh ◽  
Mahtab Motamed ◽  
Morteza Fallah-Karkan ◽  
Mohammad Poury ◽  
Saba Faraji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Screen Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome correlates with mental disorders, especially depressive disorders and anxiety disorders, and less frequently obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and occurs mostly in older people. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is more frequent in OAB patients. Most OCD people are diagnosed at the age of about 19, typically with an earlier age of onset in boys than in girls, but the onset after age 35 does occur less frequently. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between OCD and OAB. Methods: In this case-control study, 1,160 cases who were over 18 years old who were referred to the urodynamic clinic of Shohada-e-Tajrish center from June 2013 to February 2018 in Tehran, Iran, enrolled of whom 580 were considered the control group who were non-OAB patients, and 580 subjects were considered the case group who were OAB patients. The diagnosis of OAB was confirmed by a single urologist. All cases had detrusor overactivity (DO) in urodynamic study (UDS). The OAB-validated 8-questionnaire screen test (OAB-V8) was conducted, and the diagnosis of OCD was confirmed by a single psychiatrist according to DSM-5 criteria. Moreover, the Yale-Brown questionnaire was completed for each patient to rate the severity of OCD symptoms. Results: About the Yale-Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) total score, there is a significant difference between patients with obsessive traits and the control group (P < 0.001). OCD scores were significantly higher in the OAB group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the population of the studied patients with OAB was more probable to have OCD than non-OAB control subjects in aged classified groups (OR: 6.23; P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that OAB patients reported higher obsessive-compulsive scores (Y-BOCS) compared to the controls. There is an independent correlation between OCD and OAB. However, the linkage between OCD and OAB justifies the need for more research.

scholarly journals Personality and Emotional Maturity of Depressive and Obsessive Compulsive Disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Thiyam Kiran Singh ◽  
Akanksha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Emotional Maturity ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Depressive Patients

In this study random sampling technique was used in which a sample of 30 Depressive patients and 30 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients were collected with the age range of 18 to 40 years. The participants were administered Dimensional Personality Inventory developed by Bhargav (1997) and Emotional Maturity Scale developed by Singh and Bhargave (1991). The purpose of the study is to compare Depressive and OCD patients on Personality Inventory Test and Emotional Maturity Scale to find out any significant difference in overall personality and its various dimensions similarly as well as overall Emotional Maturity and its various dimensions. The result found no significant in overall personality and its dimensions. Likewise, the result also found no significant difference in overall Emotional maturity but there is significant difference under the dimensions of Emotional Progression and Independence which gives the impression that depressive patients are more emotionally progressed or improved  but less independent comparing with O.C.D. patients.

Reducing the Social Stigma Associated with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Controlled Trial of an Intervention Program in a Turkish Community Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Ayça Aktaç Gürbüz ◽  
Orçun YORULMAZ ◽  
Gülşah DURNA
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Case Vignette ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Scientific research into the reduction of stigmatization, particularly related to specific problems such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), is scarce. In the present study, we examine the impact of a video-based antistigma intervention program for OCD in a pretest-posttest control group research. After being randomly assigned to either an intervention (n= 101) or control group (n= 96), the participants reported their attitudes on a hypothetical case vignette before and after OCD vs. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) videos, and again six months later as a follow up assessment. The mixed design analyses for the group comparisons indicated that although there was no significant difference in the measures of the control group, the participants watching the anti-stigma OCD video, in which the focus was psychoeducation and interaction strategies, reported significantly lower scores on social distances and negative beliefs for the case vignettes they read, and this difference was maintained six months later. Then, the present results indicate the effectiveness of our anti-stigma intervention program for OCD. Interventions to reduce stigmatization can also be viewed as effective tools for changing the attitudes of people toward OCD, although further research and applications are needed related to specific disorders if a longlasting impact is to be achieved.

scholarly journals Evaluation of depression and self-esteem in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: A controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Koca ◽  
Mehmet Akyüz ◽  
Bilal Karaman ◽  
Zeynep Yesim Özcan ◽  
Metin Öztürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Age Range

Objectives: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is very common and is one of the most common causes for patients to be admitted to urology, pediatrics, child psychiatry and child surgery departments. We aimed to investigate the effect on depression and self-esteem of this disorder that can cause problems on person's social development and human relations. Material and methods: 90 patients who were admitted to our clinic with complaints of nocturnal enuresis were enrolled. Investigations to rule out organic causes were performed in this group of patients. Out of them 38 children and adolescents (age range 8-18 years) with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) agreed to participate in the study In the same period 46 healthy children and adolescents with a similar age range without bed wetting complaint were included in the study as a control group. The age of the family, educational and socioeconomic level were questioned and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSCS) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) forms were filled out. Results: Mean age of the cases (18 females or 47.4% and 20 males or 52.6%) was 10.76 ± 3.82 years whereas mean age of controls (26 females or 56.5% and 20 males or 43.5%) was 10.89 ± 3.11 years. Depression scale was significantly higher (p = 0.001) in the case group than in the control group (10.42 ± 4.31 vs 7.09 ± 4.35). In both groups there was no statistically significant difference by age and sex in terms of depression scale (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: NE is widely seen as in the community and is a source of stresses either for children and for their families. When patients were admitted to physicians for treatment, a multidisciplinary approach should be offered and the necessary psychological support should be provided jointly by child psychiatrists and psychologists.

scholarly journals Assessment of in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Sarah Alaa Mohsen ◽  
Fatma Ahmed El Deeb ◽  
Ehab Sayed Ramadan ◽  
Mai Abd El-Raouf Eissa
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and potentially debilitating disorder. Neuropsychological assessment provides unique complementary information that is critical for evaluating higher cortical abilities. This study aimed to assess the neuropsychological functions in OCD patients which can then point to the brain structures or pathways and to study the correlation between these assessments and different clinical variables. Methods: This cross-sectional case control study had included sixty patients who were divided into two groups, Group I: thirty OCD patients diagnosed by DSM-IV and Group II: thirty healthy controls who were recruited from the community, matched with patients’ age, gender, and education. Results: The age of onset in our study was 19.13 ± 0.35 years, the mean duration was 7.44 ± 3.88 years, 40% of the studied cases had severe OCD symptoms and 33.3% of them were compulsive cleaners. There was a high significant difference between the two groups regarding WCST in favor of the control group. There was a high significant difference between the two groups regarding ROCF where the control group showed better results than the OCD patients. Conclusions: Neuropsychological test performance remains an informative and objective means of investigation, especially when applied to psychiatric disorders. The executive functions in OCD patients were impaired in comparison to the normal study subjects.

scholarly journals Relationship of Migraine and Body Mass Index (BMI)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Mohammed Momenuzzaman Khan ◽  
Md Nazmul Huda ◽  
Manabendra Bhattacharjee ◽  
Md Jalal Uddin ◽  
Mustofa Kamal Uddin Khan
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Migraine Group ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Migraine is an important cause of headache and headache-related disabilities. It increases loss of working time, causes inability to carry out daily activities and disruption of family and social life. The pathophysiology of migraine is still poorly understood. On the other hand, the prevalence of obesity is constantly increasing worldwide. The consequence of overweight and obesity includes increased risk of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cancer.Objectives: This study was performed to assess the relationship between BMI and migraine by finding out the relationship between migraine frequency and duration in different BMI groups, comparing the socio-demographic variables in migraine and non-migraine patients and to find out the migraine related co-morbidities.Materials and Methods: This observational case-control study was conducted on 100 subjects aged 12–50 years in the Neurology Outpatient Department, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh in the period of January 2011 to December 2012. Out of total subjects fifty migraine patients were selected as cases and fifty nonmigraineurs as controls. Subjects were then categorized in three groups based on BMI: <23, 23 to 25 and >25. Collected data were compiled and appropriate analyses were done by using computer based software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. For statistical analysis one way ANOVA tests were done for comparing means of quantitative data and Chi-square tests were done for qualitative data. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In this study, majority (>95%) of the study subjects were between 10 and 35 years of age. Mean age of case group was found 25.55 ± 5.87 and that of control was 25.53 ± 4.22 years. Case group contained 10 (20%) males and 40 (80%) females whereas control group had 14 (28%) males and 36 (72%) females. Number of female cases and controls were higher than that of male. In control group 30 (60%) were unmarried and 20 (40%) were married. There was no significant difference in the financial condition between case and control groups. Students and housewives occupied the largest number of study subjects who were unemployed. Regarding residence, rural and urban patients were equal in case group and in control group 29 (58%) were urban and 21 (42%) rural. Mean duration of headache was 8.9 ± 7.5, 5.8 ± 6.7, 9.6 ± 14.3 years in different BMI groups (<23, 23–25, >25 respectively) in case group and 4.6 ± 5.3, 4.4 ± 3.4, 3.4 ± 1.4 years in control group respectively. There was significant difference in quality of headache. In migrainous group 58.6% in BMI <23, 30% in BMI 23–25, 36.4% in BMI >25 noted their headache as throbbing, in contrast most of the nonmigrainous described them as dull in nature. Mean frequency of headache per month was significantly higher in migraine group compared to non-migraine group (p=0.02). Regarding associated symptoms, nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia were observed significantly higher in migraine patients in BMI <23 group. Odd ratios (ORs) for vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia with 95% confidence interval (CI) were 23.385 (2.752–97.739), 16.500 (3.060– 88.971) and 13.000 (2.922–57.846) respectively. Smoking was found significantly higher in nonmigrainous group than migraine group in case of BMI <23.Conclusion: From the result of present study it can be concluded that there is statistically no significant relation of BMI with frequency of headache, but some relationship were observed for associated symptoms of migraine with low BMI.J Enam Med Col 2016; 6(2): 80-87

Cognitive Therapy with Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. James ◽  
Ivy-Marie Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Ct Studies

BackgroundPeople with obsessive–compulsive disorders (OCD) are widely treated with a combination of medication and behavioural techniques. The success rate is 50–85%, but both relapse and drop-out rates appear high. The use of cognitive therapy (CT) for the treatment of OCD has been suggested. The empirical evidence supporting the use of CT for OCD is examined.MethodA manual and computer (Medline) literature search was performed.ResultsFifteen empirical studies were found: ten non-controlled, and five controlled.ConclusionsThere are few controlled CT studies, and these show little evidence of improvement when CT is added to existing therapeutic techniques.

Serum Cholesterol in Patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder during Treatment with Behavior Therapy and SSRI or Placebo

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Peter ◽  
Susanne Tabrizian ◽  
Iver Hand
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Elevated Cholesterol ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

Objective: Patients with panic disorder are reported to have elevated cholesterol levels. There is also some evidence that cholesterol elevation is not so much a specific condition in panic disorder but is generally associated with anxiety. So far, there is little data on cholesterol levels in patients with obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD) which is also classified as anxiety disorder. Method: Thirty-three patients with OCD participated in the study. Serum cholesterol was measured as pretreatment and at the end of a ten-week treatment-period. All patients received behavior therapy and, in a double-blind fashion, fluvoxamine or placebo. Severity of OCD was assessed by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). Results: Pretreatment cholesterol values of OCD patients were compared with cholesterol levels of thirty panic disorder patients and thirty normal controls. OCD patients had elevated cholesterol levels comparable with those of panic disorder patients. Cholesterol levels decreased significantly from pre- to posttreatment. OCD patients with high cholesterol levels (≥ 240 mg/dl, n = 7) could make best use of the treatment whereas patients with desirable cholesterol levels (< 200 mg/dl, n = 11) did not change their cholesterol during treatment. Conclusions: Our data support the assumption that not only panic disorder but also other anxiety disorders, e.g., obsessive compulsive disorders, may be associated with serum cholesterol elevations. Effective treatment (behavior therapy and/or treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [SSRI]) seems to decrease cholesterol levels, especially in patients with pathological cholesterol elevations.

Diagnostic relevance of sleep complaints in anxiety and mood disorders

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 386-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Arriaga ◽  
E Lara ◽  
A Matos-Pires ◽  
F Cavaglia ◽  
L Bastos
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Normal Controls

SummaryClinical assessments of sleep and subjective state upon waking were performed in normal controls and patients with generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, primary dysthymia and major depression. Subjects were selected according to DSM-III-R criteria. As compared to normal controls, patients with generalised anxiety, dysthymia and major depression exhibit pervasive and intense complaints of insomnia, and no clear distinctions can be drawn among these groups. Patients with panic disorder do not differ from normal controls, whereas obsessive compulsive patients present limited sleep symptoms. These findings suggest that subjective sleep variables are relevant for the diagnostic discrimination of panic and obsessive-compulsive disorders.

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