scholarly journals Occupational and environmental health hazards in Brick Kilns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrinal Kanti Saha ◽  
Syed Jamal Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Abu Hanif Sheikh ◽  
Md Golam Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Brick Kiln ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Health Related

Introduction: Industrial safety and a healthy environment reduce the ill- nesses, injuries, and accidental incidents of the workers as well as property damages. The study aimed to identify the health risk issues and assess their impacts on labors around the brick kiln areas in Bangladesh. Materials and methods: The study conducted a survey based on a structured questionnaire to collect health-related compliance from the brick kiln work- ers. It also selected 12 brick kiln clusters in Rajshahi and Gazipur districts, and several samplings were made. The analyzed data were compared with the prescribed national and international standards. Results: The survey results showed that the respondents were suffering from different diseases like respiratory and skin diseases, eye irritation, fatigue, hearing problem, headache, etc., due to the occupational hazard in the kiln areas. The study results illustrated that the particulate matter pollutants, in- cluding PM2.5, PM10, and SPM were found higher than the permissible stan-dard that caused asthmatic disease. Most of the physicochemical  parameters for surface water analysis exceeded the permissible standard indicating water pollution occurred around the kiln areas. The sound level was found higher than the acceptable level of Department of Environment, Bangladesh (DoE) standard 75 dB. Conclusion: The study observed that brick kiln emitted gases caused huge pollution in the areas threatened the human health and the crusher machine created the high intensity of noise resulted in significant adverse health im- pacts of the brick kiln labor. However, most of the labors were not well aware of occupational safety and hazards, and health-related compliances in the kiln areas.

scholarly journals ЕКО-ЕРГОНОМІЧНЕ ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ РОБОЧОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-122
Author(s):  
O. Protasenko ◽  
G. Mygal
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Human Factor Engineering ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Study Results

The necessity of applying new directions of ergonomics to improve safety at work is considered. The relevance is conditioned by the awareness of the problem of limited natural resources and the negative impact of human activity on the environment. It led to the necessity of rethinking the concept "security" from the standpoint of sustainable development of society. Today, safety is the procuring of harmonious relations between human and the environment in all spheres of activity. In terms of occupational safety, new areas of ergonomics such as ergoecology, green ergonomics and eco-ergonomic designing can be useful in creating such balance. The work focuses on using eco-ergonomic designing principles in matters of ensuring industrial safety. Thus, the aim is the practical application of the eco-ergonomic designing principles to improve safety at working place. At researching the basic eco-ergonomic designing principle was applied - the search of an optimal combination of working conditions and technical procuring at the workplace, which would suit modern psychophysiological, social, engineering and ecological requirements. The prime tool of researching is a practical analysis of workplaces, an essential component of which is the assessment system. Based on the study results, problematic issues at workplaces got identified, and a search for their solutions got carried out. It is shown that using eco-ergonomic designing in matters of ensuring safety at the workplace makes it possible to implement the trinity necessary to maintain and preserve human health - eco-friendliness, comfort and safety. The work results: 1) for effective management of industrial safety it is necessary to make a transition from closed systems “man-machine-working environment” to open systems “man-machine-working environment-environment” through the application of the eco-ergonomic designing principles; 2) the method of eco-ergonomic assessment got proposed as the first step to a qualitative improvement in the interaction between humans and the environment; 3) modern engineers in eco-ergonomic designing should be trained in this area, taking into account the principles of human factor engineering. The practical significance of the results is in identifying problems in the functioning of the system "man-machine-working environment-environment" and determining effective measures to eliminate them. The results of its approbation proposed assessment system at the flexo printed product's enterprise confirm the effectiveness.

scholarly journals Labour Protection as a Component of Effective Management of a Modern Enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Nataliia F. Kachynska ◽  
Olena V. Zemlyanska ◽  
Arkadii M. Husiev ◽  
Hlib V. Demchuk ◽  
Andrii I. Kovtun
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Modern Enterprise ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Economic

Occupational safety issues, especially in a large enterprise, constitute key components of the social and labour sphere, which largely affect the operation of the entire enterprise. In modern economic environment, where every company aims to produce competitive, high-quality products and make a profit, maintaining the health and efficiency of each employee is a top priority. Any socially oriented enterprise is interested, first and foremost, in reducing the level of accidents, injuries, industrial and occupational diseases of employees. The purpose of the study was to identify and assess the role of labour protection and industrial safety in the development of an effective management system and enterprise activities. In the process of research the method of comparison, analogy, formalization, structural analysis, dialectical method of cognition was used. As a result of the study, the authors determined that the modern organisation of occupational safety should be aimed at effective management of industrial safety of all technological processes and international standards, including OHSAS 18001, ISO 4501, ISO 9001, which is the basis of effective management in general and helps identify and prevent the occurrence of adverse factors and, as a consequence, minimises the occurrence of injuries and occupational diseases, loss of life, health and ability to work in general, allows identifying and preventing the occurrence of adverse factors

scholarly journals Impacts of brick kiln emission on agricultural soil around brick kiln areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mrinal Kanti Saha ◽  
Rakhi Rani Sarkar ◽  
Syed Jamal Ahmed ◽  
Abu Hanif Sheikh ◽  
Md Golam Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Brick Kiln ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Study Results

The study attempted to assess the impacts of the brick kilns emissions on the farm soil in and around the kiln areas. A total of 72 representative farm soil samples were collected from 12 selected brick kiln clusters in Rajshahi and Gazipur Districts of Bangladesh, covering two years (September 2015 to August 2017). The collected samples were analyzed using standard methods. The pH and organic matter content in the farm soil samples were found to be very low. The farm soil parameters such as pH, organic matter, and soil texture were found in critical conditions. Among all of the heavy metals, only Cr exceeded the permissible standard of some soil samples. The concentration of Cr ion varied from 9.50 to 52.77 and 16.54 to 70.13 ppm in Rajshahi and Gazipur Districts, respectively indicated the chance of metal contamination in plants. The study results showed that the values of contamination factor (Cif) and ecological risk factor (Eir) in the selected farm soil of Rajshahi and Gazipur Districts existed in the order of Cd > As > Cr > Pb > Zn and Cd > As > Pb > Cr > Zn, respectively. The study results also showed that the pollution load index and risk index values were lower than 1 and 150, respectively, at all sampling locations indicating lower pollution and risk from heavy metals in the areas. The study observed that continuous brick production over the periods degraded topsoil fertility and reduced agricultural productivity.

scholarly journals Health effects of brick kiln operations: A study on largest brick kiln cluster in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Tanmoy Roy Tusher ◽  
Zisan Ashraf ◽  
Shilpi Akter
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Brick Kiln ◽  
Eye Irritation ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Brick manufacturing industry is considered as one of the fastest-growing industrial sectors posing serious health hazards in most South East Asian countries like Bangladesh. A major portion of brick kilns in Bangladesh are located in and around the Dhaka, one of the world’s most densely populated cities, where the health effects of these brick kilns are obvious but yet not completely known. The study was thus performed based on a structured questionnaire survey to assess the health effects of brick kiln operations on kiln workers and local inhabitants at Baghiya of Konabari union in Gazipur near Dhaka of Bangladesh. A total of 100 randomly selected respondents (70 brick kiln workers and 30 local inhabitants) were surveyed. The results of the survey revealed that wood and coal are mostly used fuel for brick production in the study area. The respondents were suffering from skin disease (28%), headache (20%), eye irritation (10%), lung disease (8%), and respiratory diseases such as, asthma (20%), bronchitis (10%) and others (6%) problems, while skin diseases, asthma and other lung diseases were prevalent in workers, and eye irritation, headache and bronchitis were in inhabitants. Inhabitants (36%) who were living in surrounding areas of brick kilns for more than 20 years and workers (40%) who were residing for less than 5 years were suffering most from various diseases. Health education or awareness programs need to be organized since 77.1% and 63.3% of the workers and inhabitants, respectively, were never participated in any health education or awareness programs, and eco-friendly brick kilns should be installed maintaining the existing rules and regulations for minimizing the impacts of brick kiln operation induced air pollution in this respect. South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.8(1) 2018: 32-36

A REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
PRAVIN KUMAR SONKAR ◽  
SOURABH SINGH MAYANK ◽  
SUDHIR MISRA ◽  
AMARJIT SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Fast Tracking ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The World

There is legitimate concern over worker safety issues across the world, as well as an international thrust to make the workplace safer. In this context, organizations such as the International Labour Organization and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration have published several important documents that provide guidelines to ensure the maximum safety at work in different environments. Whereas, implementing these international provisions and standards in different countries could be desirable, it should be remembered that the ground realities in terms of existing national standards, local laws and customs, technology levels, and availability of implementation protocols across the world are quite different. Therefore, certain changes will need to be made before such guidelines can be adopted as part of the legal framework in any country. By undertaking a literature survey, this paper reviews some of the existing international conventions and then examines the relevant legislative applications in the Indian context, with an aim to see what would be suitable for India. It was found that the loopholes in laws and lack of regular inspections for various reasons, result in widespread ignorance of occupational safety across different stakeholders. From the study, it is recommended that setting up a national task force and central regulatory body, improvement of awareness levels, streamlining of inspections and audits and fast-tracking legal proceedings would be critical for developing and implementing improved industrial safety standards.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AT UKRAINIAN ENTERPRISES: INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN DIMENSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Elena Tverytnykova ◽  
Yulia Demidova ◽  
Tatyana Drozdova
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Occupational Activity ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Safety And Health

  Abstract. The international and European experience in creating and improving integrated systems in the field of occupational safety and health on the basis of research regulatory documents of the International Organization for Standardization, European standards, national standards of Ukraine, industry and methodical documents on management of occupational safety and health of oil and gas complex enterprises is overviewed. The implementation features of OHSAS 18001 and ISO 45001 international standards to create an integrated safety management system of professional activity have been studied. The ways of implementing the analyzed requirements in the industry safety standards of occupational activity of oil and gas complex enterprises of Ukraine are considered. A number of hazardous events related to occupational activity at the enterprises: industrial safety, technogenic safety, labour hygiene and safety, ecological safety, psychophysiological safety has been considered and a generalizing scheme of dangers and hazardous events has been created. A model of an integrated management system for occupational safety activities for oil and gas enterprises is proposed based on the involvement of scientific literature, regulatory documents using the structural-logical method, systematization and generalization, and methods of meaningful and comparative analysis. It is proved that the management system, based on the principles of the cyclical model of quality management by E. Deming should include such aspects as: quality and risk management, environmental management, occupational safety management, social responsibility and power management.

scholarly journals The effects of selected biologics and a small molecule on Health-Related Quality of Life in adult plaque psoriasis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0241604
Author(s):  
Anna Karpińska-Mirecka ◽  
Joanna Bartosińska ◽  
Dorota Krasowska
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
True Effect Size ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Background The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) is commonly used to assess the quality of life of patients with skin diseases. Clinical trials confirm the positive effect of the use of biologics and new molecules on the quality of life of patients with plaque psoriasis. Main objectives Investigation of the effect of infliximab, adalimumab, ixekizumab, secukinumab and tofacitinib on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) measured by the DLQI in adult plaque psoriatic patients with respect to the patients’ race, type of used agent/placebo, agent’s dosage and treatment duration as well as the DLQI score prior to and after commencement of treatment. Material and methods Systematic literature searching for referential papers written in English using four databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov as well as and manual searching (Google) Cochran’s (Q) and I2 tests were used for evaluation of heterogeneity or the degree of variation in the true effect size estimates between the analysed studies. The standardized mean difference (the SMD; Hedge’s g score) was applied to measure the differences between the two means (i.e. two groups: treated vs non-treated or treated vs placebo). The data coding and Hedge's g values were calculated according to the guidance of MetaXL software version 5.3. Main results 43 studies, in total 25,898 individuals, were evaluated by the DLQI and weighted mean scores were derived for the analysis. The mean DLQI scores ranged from 6.83 to 17.8 with the overall DLQI score of 12.12 (95%CI: 11.24 to 13.06). A random-effects model demonstrated significant considerable heterogeneity of the study results (I2 = 98%; p<0.001). Conclusion Infliximab, adalimumab, ixekizumab, secukinumab and tofacitinib in adult plaque psoriatic patients improved HRQOL measured by the DLQI. The patients with lower quality of life before treatment obtained better results.

Investigating Personality and Psychopathology in Patients With Psoriasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Vari ◽  
Patrizia Velotti ◽  
Alessandro Crisi ◽  
Silvana Carlesimo ◽  
Antonio G. Richetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Affective Quality ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Completion Test ◽  
Skin Conditions

Abstract. A broad range of literature reported higher rates of psychopathology and personality disorders among patients affected by skin conditions. Specifically, depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideations are more frequently reported by patients affected by skin diseases. This study aimed to examine psychopathology and personality in a group of patients affected by psoriasis by means of a self-report measure (Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory – MCMI-III) and a performance-based technique (Wartegg Drawing Completion Test [WDCT], CWS). Study results showed a higher rate of passive-aggressiveness and paranoia among psoriatic patients (MCMI-III). When assessing patients through the performance-based technique (WDCT, CWS), a higher rate of global rejection (GR) – linked by previous literature to suicidal ideation – and a lower affective quality of the drawings emerged. We discuss the clinical importance of detecting psychological issues in dermatology patients by means of a multimethod assessment that goes beyond patients’ self-evaluation of their symptoms and emotions.

scholarly journals Nepal Ambient Monitoring and Source Testing Experiment (NAMaSTE): Emissions of particulate matter from wood and dung cooking fires, garbage and crop residue burning, brick kilns, and other sources

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilina Jayarathne ◽  
Chelsea E. Stockwell ◽  
Prakash V. Bhave ◽  
Puppala S. Praveen ◽  
Chathurika M. Rathnayake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Brick Kiln ◽  
Ambient Monitoring ◽  
Organic Species ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Crop Residue Burning ◽  
Testing Experiment ◽  
Combustion Sources

Abstract. The Nepal Ambient Monitoring and Source Testing Experiment (NAMaSTE) characterized widespread and under-sampled combustion sources common to South Asia, including brick kilns, garbage burning, diesel and gasoline generators, diesel groundwater pumps, idling motorcycles, traditional and modern cooking stoves and fires, crop residue burning, and a heating fire. Fuel-based emission factors (EF; with units of pollutant mass emitted per kg of fuel combusted) were determined for fine particulate matter (PM2.5), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), inorganic ions, trace metals, and organic species. For the forced draught zig-zag brick kiln, EFPM2.5 ranged 1–19 g kg−1 with major contributions from OC (7 %), sulfate expected to be in the form of sulfuric acid (31.9 %), and other chemicals not measured (e.g., particle bound water). For the clamp kiln, EFPM2.5 ranged 8–13 g kg−1, with major contributions from OC (63.2 %), sulfate (20.8 %), and ammonium (14.2 %). Our brick kiln EFPM2.5 values may exceed those previously reported, partly because we sampled emissions at ambient temperature after emission from the stack or kiln allowing some particle-phase OC and sulfate to form from gaseous precursors. The combustion of mixed household garbage under dry conditions had an EFPM2.5 of 7.4 ± 1.2 g kg−1, whereas damp conditions generated the highest EFPM2.5 of all combustion sources in this study, reaching up to 125 ± 23 g kg−1. Garbage burning emissions contained relatively high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs), triphenylbenzene, and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Sb), making these useful markers of this source. A variety of cooking stoves and fires fueled with dung, hardwood, twigs, and/or other biofuels were studied. The use of dung for cooking and heating produced higher EFPM2.5 than other biofuel sources and consistently emitted more PM2.5 and OC than burning hardwood and/or twigs; this trend was consistent across traditional mud stoves, chimney stoves, and 3-stone cooking fires. The comparisons of different cooking stoves and cooking fires revealed the highest PM emissions from 3-stone cooking fires (7.6–73 g kg−1), followed by traditional mud stoves (5.3–19.7 g kg−1), mud stoves with a chimney for exhaust (3.0–6.8 g kg−1), rocket stoves (1.5–7.2 g kg−1), induced-draught stoves (1.2–5.7 g kg−1), and the bhuse chulo stove (3.2 g kg−1), while biogas had no detectable PM emissions. Idling motorcycle emissions were evaluated before and after routine servicing at a local shop, which decreased EFPM2.5 from 8.8 ± 1.3 g kg−1 to 0.71 ± 0.4 g kg−1 when averaged across five motorcycles. Organic species analysis indicated that this reduction in PM2.5 was largely due to a decrease in emission of motor oil, probably from the crankcase. The EF and chemical emissions profiles developed in this study may be used for source apportionment and to update regional emission inventories.

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