scholarly journals The Prevalence of Weight Disorders in Children and Adolescents in Lorestan Province: Comparison of Three Different Criteria in A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedayat Nazari ◽  
Mohamad Reza Mohammadi ◽  
Seyed-Ali Mostafavi ◽  
Ali Khaleghi ◽  
Nastaran Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Anthropometric studies in children and adolescents are important to screen changes in growth and puberty. Hence, standard percentiles and cutoffs are set by the World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Iranian national criteria. This study aimed to examine and compare the prevalence of weight disorders in children and adolescents in Lorestan province according to different criteria. Methods: Children and adolescents (6–18 years) were randomly selected from the urban and rural areas by the multistage stratified cluster sampling method. All Iranian citizens aged who resided in Lorestan province for at least one year were eligible to participate in this study. After obtaining consent forms, researchers gathered the accurate anthropometrics and body mass index (BMI) measurements. Results: A total of 866 children and adolescents took part in the study, 447(51.6%) of whom were girls and 419 (48.4%) were boys. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 17% in boys and 12.5% in girls. The prevalence of underweight in girls was 5.8%; while in boys it was 4.5%. The total prevalence rate of underweight according to the national criteria was 5.2%. However, this rate increased to 12% and 12.6% by using WHO and CDC cut-off points, respectively. The highest prevalence of overweight was obtained by CDC (15.8%), followed by WHO (13%); while national cut-off points resulted in 9.7%. Furthermore, 9.2% of the studied population was found to be obese by WHO; while this rate was 4.2%, and 5% by CDC and national cut-off points. Conclusion: This study indicated the coexisting prevalence of underweight and obesity and high prevalence of overweight among children and adolescents in Lorestan province. Furthermore, using the WHO and CDC criteria leads to overestimating the prevalence of weight disorder compared to the national cut-off points in Iran.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Childhood Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity based on Four Different Criteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojgan Amiri ◽  
Nastaran Ahmadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mohammadi ◽  
Seyed Ali Mostafavi ◽  
Mahla Zahedifard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Iranian Children

Background: Childhood/adolescence under- and over-nutrition are among the major public concerns worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among children living in Yazd, Iran using different criteria. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. Body weight, height, waist, and hip circumference were measured. Furthermore, the body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio were calculated. Afterwards, BMI was classified according to four criteria including the US center for disease control and prevention (CDC), world health organization (WHO), the international obesity task force (IOTF), and Iranian national cut-points. Results: The mean age of the included children was 11.32 ± 3.89 years. Overall, the highest rate of underweight was estimated by IOTF %16.9 and the lowest rate was estimated by the national criteria %1.2. Furthermore, the highest and the lowest rates for overweight were obtained by CDC2000 %19.0 and WHO criteria %12.2, respectively. The highest and lowest rates for obesity were obtained by the national %22.3 and the CDC2000 criteria %11.3, respectively. The selected criteria were significantly different in estimating underweight, overweight, and obesity (P < 0.05). Conclusions: All the mentioned criteria showed high rate of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Yazd. Furthermore, the highest rate of obesity was detected by national criteria. The national distribution of BMI in Iranian children is skewed to overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Overweight and obesity of children in a brazilian elementary school: a comparison of three references

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Marcella Evangelista Melo ◽  
Giovanna Lima Miguéis ◽  
Mikaela Silva Almeida ◽  
Tatiane Dalamaria ◽  
Wagner De Jesus Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
International Obesity Task Force ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: In the diagnosis of overweight and obesity based on body mass index in children and adolescents, several national and international anthropometric references are recommended. However, there is a divergence in the estimated prevalence of overweight and obesity among the references. Objective: To identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity and to analyse the magnitude of agreement among the three references. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 975 students from the early grades of elementary school. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were estimated according to the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and Conde and Monteiro. The Kappa weighted index was calculated to assess the agreement magnitude among the three references. Results: The highest prevalence of overweight and obesity was estimated by the Conde and Monteiro and WHO references, respectively. Overall, the IOTF revealed lower a magnitude of prevalence than the two other references. The agreement among the references identified by the Kappa index had a range of 0.66 to 0.94. Conclusion: Despite the satisfactory agreement among the three references, this research highlighted the differing magnitudes of the prevalence of overweight and obesity. This fact limits the ability to make comparisons among populations and impairs the development of overweight and obesity prevention actions.

scholarly journals Time-trends of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Kuwait over a 13-year period (2007–2019): repeated cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al-Taiar ◽  
Nawal Alqaoud ◽  
Ali H. Ziyab ◽  
Faheema Alanezi ◽  
Monica Subhakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Objectively Measured

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to examine age-specific trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren in Kuwait over a 13-year period (2007 to 2019) using the World Health Organization (WHO), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the International Obesity Taskforce (IOTF) definitions. Design: Using cross-sectional approach, Kuwait Nutrition Surveillance System (KNSS) objectively measured weight and height of schoolchildren over a 13-year period. Log-binomial regression models were used to examine age-specific trends of obesity and overweight over the study period. Setting: Public primary, middle, and high schools in all provinces of Kuwait. Participants: Schoolchildren aged 5-19 years (N 172 603) Results: According to the WHO definition, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren respectively increased from 17.73% and 21.37% in 2007 to 20.19% and 28.39% in 2019 (P for trends<0.001). There is evidence that the obesity in females (but not males) has levelled off in the period 2014-2019 according to the three definitions of obesity, which is corroborated by a similar trend in the mean of BMI-for-age Z score. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity and overweight in schoolchildren in Kuwait has risen over the last 13 years and trends are similar across all definitions. Obesity is no longer increasing at the same pace and there is evidence that the prevalence of obesity in females has plateaued. The current level of childhood overweight and obesity is too high and requires community-based and school-based interventions.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and Weight Status of Primary School Children in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Bozic ◽  
Visnja Djordjic ◽  
Lidija Markovic ◽  
Dragan Cvejic ◽  
Nebojsa Trajkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to examine dietary patterns and the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among Serbian children. Furthermore, the study analyzed the association between dietary patterns and weight status. A nationally representative sample of 6–9-year-old children (n = 3,067) was evaluated as part of the Fifth Round World Health Organization European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative. The children's height and weight were measured by trained field examiners, while their parents or guardians filled paper versions of the food frequency questionnaire to collect information related to the child's breakfast habits and food and beverage intake. According to the International Obesity Task Force cut-off points, the overall prevalence of overweight (including obesity) and underweight were 28.9 and 8.1%, respectively. The majority of parents reported that their children (84.5%) had breakfast every day, while only 39.5 and 37% of children had daily fruit and vegetable consumption, respectively. The children who do not eat breakfast every day are more likely to be obese (OR = 1.50), while a higher intake frequency of nutrient-poor beverages such as soft drinks increases the risk of being not only overweight (OR = 1.32) but also underweight (OR = 1.39). Regular monitoring and understanding of dietary patterns and weight status is crucial to inform, design, and implement strategies to reduce national and global diet and obesity-related diseases. Urgent actions need to be taken from public policymakers to stop and reverse the increasing trend of overweight (including obesity) among Serbian children.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES (KAP) TOWARDS AYURVEDA, YOGA & NATUROPATHY, UNANI, SIDDHA, HOMEOPATHY (AYUSH) AND ITS USE IN DENTISTRY AMONG DENTAL PROFESSIONALS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Atul Sankhyan ◽  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Preety Gupta ◽  
Krishana Priya ◽  
Surbhi Jindal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Dental Curriculum ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Dental Professionals

WHO (World Health Organization) accepts that traditional systems will continue to play an important part in providing services to very large numbers of people, particularly in rural areas India has rich tradition of healing. A vast amount of medical knowledge has evolved in India over thousands of years, through trial and error in exchange and assimilation between diverse cultures. . In recent times, dental health care approaches also used holistic methods like Ayurveda, Homeopathy ad Naturopathy etc in managing diseases and conditions related to oral and related structures. Objective: To assess Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) towards Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy (AYUSH) and its use in Dentistry among Dental Professionals. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among n=400 dental professionals of dental colleges in and around Chandigarh. Questionnaire was used and data was analyzed using SPSS 21.ver. Results: Out of total 400 subjects 163(41%) were males and 237(59%) were females. When knowledge of AYUSH is assessed 63% had knowledge about term complementary and alternative medicine, As much as 59% subjects wished to learn AYUSH and its use in dentistry. Among users of AYUSH treatment 73% subjects found it effective. Conclusion: Majority of subjects have a positive attitude towards AYUSH and wished to learn its use in dentistry. This makes us feel that AYUSH can be integrated with existing dental curriculum.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic in South-east Gabon.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roméo Karl IMBOUMY-LIMOUKOU ◽  
Barthélemy NGOUBANGOYE ◽  
Serge Ely DIBAKOU ◽  
Lydie Sandrine OYEGUE-LIBAGUI ◽  
Franck MOUNIOKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract BackgroundCOVID-19 is an emerging respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It has spread from China to more than 200 countries and has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This survey aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, perception and practices (KAP) of the Gabonese public towards the COVID-19 disease.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 1016 participants aged 10 years and over in rural and urban area in south-east Gabon, using a questionnaire. All participants filled the questionnaire voluntarily, reporting demographic characteristics and answering questions assessing their level of knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practice toward the COVID-19. ResultsAmong the 1016 participants, there were 535 men (52.7%) and 476 women (46.9%). The mean age of the participants was 33.2±16.7 years old. Almost all participants (98.1%) said that they had heard about COVID-19 but only 2.8% knew the pathogenic agent responsible for COVID-19. Only 20.9% of respondents thought that vaccination can protect them but 51.9% were looking forward to getting the vaccine when available. More than 80% knew that the disease could be transmitted by greeting infected people (87.3%), kissing an infected person (90.0%), touching an infected doorknobs (83.5%), and attending meetings (83.9%). The mean knowledge score was higher among younger than older participants, higher among participants living in urban area than those living in rural areas, and higher among participants with higher levels of education than those with lower levels of education.ConclusionIn general, respondents had good knowledge of COVID-19, and a positive attitude towards using protective measures. These results are encouraging in the fight against the spread of COVID-19 in Gabon. However, efforts are needed to improve the knowledge level in older participants, those living in rural areas and those with low levels of education. Awareness campaigns in local languages could, for example, be conducted to improve knowledge of the disease in rural areas.

scholarly journals Changes from 1986 to 2018 in the Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight, Metabolic Control and Treatment in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Teresa Pastor-Fajardo ◽  
María Teresa Fajardo-Giménez ◽  
Vicente Bosch-Giménez ◽  
José Pastor-Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Children ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: In recent decades, a global increase in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has been observed in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional, population study examined three groups (1986, 2007, and 2018) of children and adolescents aged <16 years diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Overweight and obesity were defined according to the World Health Organization recommendations.Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in diabetic children and adolescents was 30.2% (95% CI: 23.1-38.3). There was a significant increase from 1986 to 2007 (11.9% to 41.7%, p=0.002) and from 1986 to 2018 (11.9% to 34.8%, p=0.012), but no significant differences were found from 2007 to 2018 (41.7% to 34.8%, p=0.492). The age at diagnosis was lower in the group with excess body mass (p=0.037). No significant differences were observed in age (p=0.690), duration of diabetes (p=0.163), distribution according to sex (p=0.452), metabolic control (HbA1c, p=0.909), or insulin units kg/day (p=0.566), in diabetic patients with overweight or obesity. From 2007 to 2018, the use of insulin analogs (p=0.009) and a higher number of insulin doses (p=0.007) increased significantly, with no increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity.Conclusions: The evolution of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in diabetic children and adolescents during the study period is a reflection of the epidemic of childhood obesity in a global obesogenic environment.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of overweight and obesity in school going children: 11-15 years in the urban area of Cuttack city

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
S. Suneeti Kanyari ◽  
Durga M. Satapathy ◽  
Rama C. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: The world health organization has described obesity as one of today’s most neglected public health problems, affecting developed and developing countries in the world. A dramatic increase in overweight and obesity among children and adolescent has raised the concern of various public health physicians especially in developing country like India. This study was conducted with an objective to study the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its associated risk factors among school going children of Cuttack city.Methods: School based cross sectional study was done among the children of 6th to 10th class. To calculate the maximum sample size prevalence of obesity was assumed to be 10%, taking absolute error of 2% and 10% non-response rate the sample was calculated to be 1000. By multistage sampling method the children were selected. Data was collected using a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 16.Results: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 20.2% and it was higher among boys (20.6%) than girls (19.8%). Overweight and obesity was found to be significantly associated with type of school, parent’s occupation, hours of using TV/computer, eating habit, family history of obesity, type of family and mode of transport to school.Conclusions: Prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be high in school going children, which indicates an urgent need to increase awareness via education and motivation of all stakeholders to prevent the complications in future.

scholarly journals Rural–Urban Differences in Dietary Behavior and Obesity: Results of the Riskesdas Study in 10–18-Year-Old Indonesian Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esti Nurwanti ◽  
Hamam Hadi ◽  
Jung-Su Chang ◽  
Jane C.-J. Chao ◽  
Bunga Astria Paramashanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dietary Behavior ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sedentary Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Obesity has become a significant problem for developing countries, including Indonesia. High duration of sedentary activity and high intake of unhealthy foods were associated with high risk of overweight and obesity. The objective of this study was to compare the distributions of sedentary activity and dietary behavior with overweight/obesity risks between urban and rural areas among children and adolescents aged 10–18 years in Indonesia. This is a cross-sectional study. Data from a national survey in 33 Indonesian provinces (Basic Health Research /Riskesdas 2013) were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) adjusted with all variables, such as age, gender, residency, education level, physical activity, and food intake. An urban–rural residence difference was found in the factors related to obesity. Daily caffeinated soft drinks and energy drinks consumption (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01–1.23) were related to risk of overweight and obesity in urban areas. Daily grilled foods (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.22–1.42) and salty food (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04–1.15) consumption were significantly associated with obesity in rural areas but not in urban areas. Furthermore, sedentary activity was correlated with overweight and obesity among those who lived in urban and rural areas. Our findings suggest that education, environmental, and policy interventions may need to specifically target urban settings, where access is high to a wide range of processed and traditional high-sugar, high-fat snack foods and beverages.

scholarly journals Prevalencia De Sobrepeso U Obesidad En Escolares De Una Población Urbana Del Estado De Jalisco, México

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gómez-Delgado Guillermo ◽  
Gutierrez-Villalobos Paola T. ◽  
Viveros-Paredes Juan M. ◽  
Pérez Vega María Isabel ◽  
Miranda Beltrán María de la Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction. Urban populations in Mexico have not escaped the influence of today's world with an increase in sedentary lifestyles and inadequate food consumption patterns. These conditions have exacerbated the emerging and alarming problem of overweight and obesity in the country. Objective. To diagnose the nutritional status and determine the overweight and obesity prevalence in children between ages of 5 to 14 years of an urban community in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. Material and methods. Through a cross-sectional study, 188 students were evaluated. Weight and height were measured and compared with reference standards of the World Health Organization, the values obtained from the measurement of waist circumference percentiles were compared with the percentile charts made by Fernandez et al, 2004. Results. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity in the total population was 36.7% (n = 69); in males the prevalence was 20.7% (12.2% for overweight and 8.5% for obesity) and in females was 16% (9.6% and 6.4%, respectively). Children from the fifth and sixth grade had a higher prevalence of both overweight and obesity. Conclusions. Our study shows the current nutritional problems manifested in urban areas, which is accentuated on children with higher increase between the 5th and 6th grades.

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