scholarly journals Isolation and identification of native degrading fungi from Wastewater's pollutants in cardboard recycling industry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hosseini ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Ghaneian ◽  
AbbAsali Jafari Nadoushan ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush ◽  
Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Native Fungi ◽  
Wastewater Pollutants ◽  
Industry Wastewater

Introduction: By increasing the amount and diversity of bio-environmental wastewater pollutants, it is essential to be controlled and planed the environmental contaminants to eliminate or minimize. Cardboard recycling industry wastewater has the potential of environmental pollution; it is contaminated with various fungal species that may be effective in the decomposition and removal of pollutants. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of native fungal species that decontaminate organic pollutants in the cardboard recycling industry wastewaters. Methods: In this study, which is a descriptive study, samples were randomly taken from different area of wastewater of cardboard recycling industry. Samples were cultured on Saboraud dextrose agar medium for isolation of probable fungal species, which decomposers of wastewater. The isolated fungal colonies were enumerated and purified based on morphological characteristics and microscopic analyzing as far as possible. Results: The average count of the total number of fungi species in wastewater of cardboard recycling industry was 2.5×102 CFU/ml of these 2.1×101 were saprophytic fungi. The most prevalent fungal species were identificated from the wastewater include Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillum, Geotrichum, Mucor, Drechselera, Paecillomyces, Alternaria, Fusarium and Absidia. The highest frequency of fungal species Aspergillus nige, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillum were 30.89%, 22.76% and 14.63% respectively. Conclusion: It seems that native fungi isolated from the cardboard recycling industry wastewater in this study are from fungi that have the potential for bioremediation of wastewater contaminants based on scientific literature and can be used for evaluating of their ability to decompose wastewater from this industry.  

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Pericopsis elata (Assamela) to heartwood decay and identification of micro and macro fungi associated with the disease in Cameroon

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1751
Author(s):  
Djeugap Fovo Joseph ◽  
Ngoune Djouke Patrick Francky ◽  
Ntabe Ngbanye Eric ◽  
Gweth Likaa René Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Diameter Class ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Tropical Timber ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
First Time

Heartwood decay is one of the major pathological constraints affecting the quality and marketable volume of tropical timber. A study on its behavior was conducted on Pericopsis elata in order to contribute to its sustainable management in Cameroon. Tree susceptibility to heartwood decay was evaluated using three diameter classes, based on allometric equations between decayed and healthy trees. Wood samples and visible macromycetes were taken from living and felled trees with an auger. Isolation of microfungi was performed on potato dextrose agar medium and their identification was based on the morphological and microscopic characteristics of the mycelium and conidia with reference to identification keys of mycology. Identification of macromycetes was based on their morphological characteristics as described in reference books on macromycetes identification. Results show that diameter class ]110, 120[ presented highly significant (P<0.05) volume loss (3755.96 cm3), followed by diameter class ]100, 110[. Microfungi frequently associated with heartwood decay of P. elata were Cercospora sp (24.57%), Fusarium oxysporum (12.64%) and Penicillium sp (12.58%) in living decay trees and Aspergillus niger (25.19%), Cercospora sp (22.21%), Penicillium sp (17.69%) and Phoma sp (15.05%) in felled decay trees. Macrofungi associated with living trees were Inonotus sp and Ganoderma sp. This is the first time that these fungal species are reported on P. elata wood. This study provides baseline information for the study of heartwood decay and management of P. elata in Cameroon.

scholarly journals Colonial and Morphological Characteristics of Soil Fungi from Jhum Land

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asangla Kichu ◽  
T Ajungla ◽  
Gloria Nyenthang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Serial Dilution Method ◽  
Microbial Groups

Soil fungi represent one of the important microbial groups that are actively involved in enhancement of environmental quality and plant nutrient supply. Studying native soil fungal species and their accurate identification is crucial for contribution to the checklist of fungi. The present study aimed at isolation and identification of some soil fungi from Jhum land, Mokokchung district, Nagaland. Serial dilution method was used to isolate soil fungi on RBA (Rose Bengal Agar) and PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) plates. Altogether fourteen fungal species belonging to genera Absidia, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Geotrichum, Mortierella, Mucor, Penicillium and Trichoderma were identified by studying their macro- and micro-morphological characteristics.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Diaporthe Species Associated With Hazelnut Defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Arciuolo ◽  
Carla Santos ◽  
Célia Soares ◽  
Giuseppe Castello ◽  
Nicola Spigolon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Single Clade

Fungi of the genus Diaporthe have been reported as the main causative agent of hazelnut defects in the Caucasus area. This study aimed to define which fungal species are present in defective hazelnuts grown in Turkey and confirm the role of Diaporthe spp. Seven hazelnut orchards were selected, with each one located in a different Turkish Province (Düzce, Giresun, Ordu, Samsun, Sakarya, Trabzon, and Zonguldak), and hazelnuts were collected at early and full ripening. Fungal isolation and identification were performed at the genus level based on morphological characteristics. Several genera were isolated, with Diaporthe spp. being among the prevalent. This was the only genus with increasing incidence from early to full ripening, and incidence at full ripening was positively correlated both with internal (ρ = 0.86) and visible defects (ρ = 0.81), which confirmed its role as the key causative agent of hazelnut defects. The correlation of defect occurrence with rainfall, reported in previous study, was not confirmed, possibly due to the low defect incidence. A total of 86 Diaporthe monosporic strains isolated from Turkish hazelnut samples, together with 33 strains collected in the Caucasus region and 6 from Italy, were analyzed with a multi-locus phylogeny based on three genomic loci (ITS, EF1-α, and tub). The results showed that Diaporthe strains can be grouped into 7 distinct clades, with a majority of Turkish strains (95%) being placed into a single clade related with D. eres. These samples were organized into several sub-clades, which indicates the existence of genetically diverse sub-populations.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Osmophilic Yeast from unripe Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
Nanik Suhartatik ◽  
Mimin Nurjanah ◽  
Kapti Rahayu Kuswanto
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Candida Rugosa ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Yeast Growth ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Single Colony ◽  
Candida Lambica

Osmophilic yeast are microbes that are able to live on media with high sugar concentrations. Some types of osmophilic yeast can break down organic compounds, for example, starch. This research was aimed to isolate and identify existing osmophilic yeast in unripe jackfruits. In this research, the unripe jackfruit was left rotting and 2.5 g of the sample were taken to be solved in 25 ml 0.85% NaCl and diluted. The GYP (glucose-yeast-peptone) agar medium with the glucose concentration of 30–50% was suitable for osmophilic yeast growth. Isolate purification was performed using the streaking method from single colony. Isolates were identified based on physiological and morphological characteristics. The physiological characterization were carried out by running sugar assimilation test on the tool kit API 20C AUX, while the morphological characterization was carried out by performing macroscopic and microscopic observations. Four isolates were assumed to be Candida lambica, 3 isolates were assumed to be Candida rugosa and two isolates were assumed to be Geotrichum candidum. It was found out that 44.4% of yeast in the unripe jackfruit were Candida lambica, 33.3% was Candida rugosa and 22.2% was Geotrichum candidum. Candida lambica was the most common osmophilic yeast found in the jackfruit.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF MICROBES ANTAGONISTIC AGAINST Fusarium oxysporum ISOLATED FROM RHIZOSPHERE ZONE OF WATERMELON

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ngurah Nara-Kusuma ◽  
Yan Ramona ◽  
Meitini Wahyuni Proborini
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Reference Book ◽  
Vascular Wilt ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Nutrient Agar Medium

This research was aimed to isolate and identify microbes which antagonistic against Fusarium oxysporum, the causative agent of vascular wilt in watermelon plants. The antagonistic microbes were isolated from soil samples collected from rhizosphere of watermelon farm located at west Sanur village, South Denpasar, Bali.  Isolation of fungi and bacteria were conducted on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) and nutrient agar medium (NA), respectively.  Fungal isolates were then observed under light microscope for its morphological characteristics before identification using a reference book.  Bacterial isolates were characterized using various tests, such as gram stain reaction, existence of endospores, catalase reaction, and ability to ferment various sugars.  Their characteristics were then compared with those described in a reference book.  Two fungal species (Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride) and two bacterial antagonists (Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp.) were found to have potential to be developed as biocontrol agents to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum. 

scholarly journals FUNGAL COMPOSITION AND PROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF POULTRY FEEDS SOLD IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
A. S. Ogbebor ◽  
A. A. Imoni ◽  
O. R. Ohiorenoya
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Poultry farming contributes significantly to poverty alleviation by providing employment opportunities to Nigerians. Feed quality is the most prominent challenge of the poultry sector. This study was aimed at assessing the fungal and proximate qualities of poultry feeds sold in Benin City, Nigeria. Poultry feed samples (starter, grower and finisher) were obtained from five stores in Benin City. Enumeration and isolation of fungi was carried out using the spread plate method on potato dextrose agar and Aspergillus flavus and parasiticus agar (AFPA). Identification of fungal isolates was based on cultural and morphological characteristics.  Proximate composition was determined by standard methods. The total fungal counts of starter, grower and finisher feeds ranged from 0.10 – 8.50 x 105 sfu/g. Fungal species isolated were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp., Saccharomyces spp., Trichoderma spp., Rhizopus spp. and Mucor spp. The results from proximate analysis were as follows: 36.50±0.92 - 70.92±0.51% (protein), 3.53±0.04 - 8.45±0.16% (fibre), 11.61±0.72 - 13.91±0.27% (fat), 2.70 - 8.60% (moisture content) and 3.65 - 37.83% (carbohydrate). The temperature and relative humidity of storage ranged from 33.90oC - 35.20oC and 69% - 75% respectively. Results showed that poultry feeds sampled have diverse fungi present in them. Control measures should be adhered to in poultry industries and stores to prevent microbial contamination.

Incidence and molecular characterization of fungi and yeast isolated from cultured catfish and Nile tilapia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Ola Hashem ◽  
Viola Zaki ◽  
Rawia Adawy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Objective: To study the incidence and seasonal dynamics of different fungi affected freshwater fishes in Lake Manzala with molecular identification of the isolated fungi. Animals: 300 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 300 catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Design: Descriptive study. Procedures: Random samples of Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and Clarias gariepinus (C. gariepinus) were collected from Manzala fish farms. Clinical and postmortem examination of fish was applied. Isolation and identification of different fungi were performed by conventional methods. Furthermore, the molecular characterization of isolated fungi was carried out. Results: C. gariepinus had a higher rate of infection with different fungal species than O. niloticus. Aspergillus spp. (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus) were the most fungal isolated from the examined fishes, followed by Penicillium spp. and Candida albicans. Aspergillus spp were detected in all seasons with a higher rate in summer and spring. A. flavus, A. niger, Penicillium spp. and C.albicans isolates were amplified from both C. gariepinus and O. niloticus at the specified molecular weight using PCR. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Fungal infection affected the fish showing different external and internal lesions, all species of Aspergillus were found in all seasons with a high rate in, hot seasons, summer and spring. The Prevalence of Penicillium and C. albicans were also reported. All fungal isolates were identified on the phenotypic and molecular bases.

scholarly journals Improved strategies to efficiently isolate thermophilic, thermotolerant, and heat-resistant fungi from compost and soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-339
Author(s):  
Frederick Witfeld ◽  
Dominik Begerow ◽  
Marco Alexandre Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Heat Shock Treatment ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Culture Dependent ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThermophilic, thermotolerant and heat-resistant fungi developed different physiological traits, enabling them to sustain or even flourish under elevated temperatures, which are life-hostile for most other eukaryotes. With the growing demand of heat-stable molecules in biotechnology and industry, the awareness of heat-adapted fungi as a promising source of respective enzymes and biomolecules is still increasing. The aim of this study was to test two different strategies for the efficient isolation and identification of distinctly heat-adapted fungi from easily accessible substrates and locations. Eight compost piles and ten soil sites were sampled in combination with different culture-dependent approaches to describe suitable strategies for the isolation and selection of thermophilous fungi. Additionally, an approach with a heat-shock treatment, but without elevated temperature incubation led to the isolation of heat-resistant mesophilic species. The cultures were identified based on morphology, DNA barcodes, and microsatellite fingerprinting. In total, 191 obtained isolates were assigned to 31 fungal species, from which half are truly thermophilic or thermotolerant, while the other half are heat-resistant fungi. A numerous amount of heat-adapted fungi was isolated from both compost and soil samples, indicating the suitability of the used approaches and that the richness and availability of those organisms in such environments are substantially high.

THE PREDOMINANT BACTERIA IN NATURAL ZOOGLOEAL COLONIES: I. ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1671-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Unz ◽  
Norman C. Dondero
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Group I ◽  
Yeast Autolysate ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Produce Acid

Direct, single-cell isolations of bacteria, primarily from natural, branching, waste water zoogloeas, were made by micromanipulation. Isolations were also made by conventional methods. Direct isolates were classified, chiefly with regard to zoogloea formation, into two groups designated group I (zoogloea-forming) and group II (nonzoogloea-forming). Casitone – glycerol – yeast autolysate agar medium was best for the isolation of group I bacteria. Group I isolates reduced nitrate to gas, possessed urease and catalase, and gave positive oxidase reactions. They were generally able to hydrolyze gelatin but, with one exception, did not produce acid from carbohydrates, and none produced H2S, indole, or acetylmethylcarbinol or utilized Koser citrate. Group II strains were usually more diverse on differential tests and could be distinguished from group I strains. Group I strains were characterized as Zoogloea strains and were found to be the predominant bacteria in natural, branching, zoogloeal colonies.

scholarly journals Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kononova ◽  
Galina Gubanova ◽  
Eleonora Korytkova ◽  
Denis Sapegin ◽  
Katerina Setnickova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Nanocomposite Materials ◽  
Sorption Mechanism ◽  
Nanocomposite Membranes ◽  
Nanocomposite Structure ◽  
Transport Channels

Based on the results of research works reflected in the scientific literature, the main examples, methods and approaches to the development of polymer inorganic nanocomposite materials for target membranes are considered. The focus is on membranes for critical technologies with improved mechanical, thermal properties that have the necessary capabilities to solve the problems of a selective pervaporation. For the purpose of directional changes in the parameters of membranes, effects on their properties of the type, amount and conditions of nanoparticle incorporation into the polymer matrix were analyzed. An influence of nanoparticles on the structural and morphological characteristics of the nanocomposite film is considered, as well as possibilities of forming transport channels for separated liquids are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to a correlation of nanocomposite structure-transport properties of membranes, whose separation characteristics are usually considered within the framework of the diffusion-sorption mechanism.

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