Robusta Extract Cream Ameliorated Ultraviolet B-induced Wrinkle Skin of Mice by the Regulation of Epidermal Thickness and Inhibition of MMP-1

BACKGROUND: Recently, coffee is widely used for preventing photoaging because of its antioxidant capacity. Among two kinds of coffee, robusta coffee has higher content of antioxidant such as chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeine. Researchs about robusta coffee bean effect on photoaging due to UVB radiation is still limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of robusta extract cream (RE cream) on preventing wrinkle in mice induced by ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation.METHODS: RE cream was made by mixing RE coffee with moisturizing cream in different concentration (10%, 20%, and 40%). Twenty-five male of Mus musculus Balb/c strain mice aged 4 weeks were divided into five groups; control group, UVB group, UVB + 10% RE group, UVB + 20% RE group, and UVB + 40% RE group. The UVB groups were given UVB radiation three times a week with an exposure duration of 100 seconds per time for ten weeks. At the end of the treatment, skin samples were excised and statined histologically, also were analyzed for their protein expression. Evaluation of wrinkles was carried out using the Bissete method before and after treatment. To evaluate the thickness of the epidermis, HE staining was performed, while masson Trichome staining was performed to determine the collagen content.RESULTS: RE cream-treated groups showed lower wrinkle score compared to the control group. Furthermore, in UVB + 10% RE group, the RE cream application reduce wrinkle formation. In UVB + 10% RE group and UVB + 20% RE group, the RE cream application increased epidermal thickness and collagen content (p=0.00). While collagenase, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression was lower in UVB + 20% RE group compared to the UVB group (p<0.05), however the MMP1 expression in UVB + 40% RE group was higher than other treatment group.CONCLUSION: RE cream prevents wrinkle by maintaining epidermal thickness and collagen contain. RE cream also decreases MMP-1 expression in mice.KEYWORDS: coffee, collagen, MMP-1, robusta, wrinkle

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Protective Effect of Spirulina-Derived C-Phycocyanin against Ultraviolet B-Induced Damage in HaCaT Cells

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57030273 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 273

Author(s):

Young Ah Jang ◽

Bo Ae Kim

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Skin Aging ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Control Group ◽

Hacat Cells ◽

Uvb Radiation ◽

Skin Damage ◽

Blue Green Algae ◽

Radiation Group ◽

Skin Wrinkles

Background and objectives: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overwhelm the antioxidant defense system, induce oxidative stress, and increase matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, resulting in skin aging. Thus, preventing ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage can attenuate skin aging. Spirulina (a biomass of cyanobacteria, also called blue-green algae) is comprised of prokaryotes, whereas microalgae are eukaryotes and are rich in phycocyanin, a powerful antioxidant. Materials and Methods: Here, we investigated the photoprotective effects of spirulina-derived C-phycocyanin (C-PC) against UVB radiation using keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). Results: UVB radiation increased MMP-1 and MMP-9 expression but decreased involucrin, filaggrin, and loricrin expression. C-PC showed no toxicity at concentrations of 5–80 μg/mL in terms of HaCaT cell viability. UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells had a 50.8% survival rate, which increased to 80.3% with C-PC treatment. MMP expression increased with UVB treatment, whereas MMP-1 and MMP-9 concentrations decreased with C-PC treatment. UVB reduced involucrin, filaggrin, and loricrin expression in HaCaT cells, but 80 μg/mL C-PC increased their expression by >25%. In the UVB radiation group, dichlorofluorescin diacetate fluorescence intensity in HaCaT cells increased by 81.6% compared with that in the control group, whereas ROS production was reduced by 51.2% and 55.1% upon treatment with 40 and 80 μg/mL C-PC, respectively. Conclusions: C-PC might reduce or prevent skin aging by reducing UVB irradiation-induced skin wrinkles and free radicals.

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UVB irradiation of human platelet concentrates does not prevent HLA alloimmunization in recipients

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v84.10.3524.bloodjournal84103524 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 84 (10) ◽

pp. 3524-3531

Author(s):

MA Grijzenhout ◽

MI Aarts-Riemens ◽

FR de Gruijl ◽

H van Weelden ◽

HC van Prooijen

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Hla Antigens ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Control Group ◽

Unexpected Finding ◽

Uvb Radiation ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Uvb Irradiation ◽

Hla Class I Antigens ◽

Delayed Cell Death

Exposure of platelet concentrates (PCs) to ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) has been advocated as an alternative method for prevention of the onset of HLA sensitization in recipients. In this study, pooled PCs were irradiated in a Haemonetics UV irradiator (Haemonetics Corp, Braintree, MA) at a dose that did not induce platelet activation. The effect of UVB irradiation on prevention of primary HLA sensitization was evaluated in a prospective controlled clinical study performed in cardiac patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients were treated with filtered red blood cells and a single transfusion of either standard (control group) or UVB-irradiated (UVB group) pooled platelets prepared from 12 donors. Five of 39 patients in the control group and 6 of 62 patients in the UVB group developed allo-antibodies against HLA antigens, which is not significantly different (P = .62). This unexpected finding prompted us to check the efficacy of UVB irradiation. We determined UVB-specific DNA damage in cells by measuring the fluorescence from a labeled specific monoclonal antibody against thymine dimers. With this novel flow cytometer technique, we estimated in UVB-irradiated leukocytes in saline that a mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of 47 +/- 2 arbitrary units (n = 6) correlated with abolition of alloreactivity in mixed lymphocyte cultures and delayed cell death (within 72 hours). MFI in leukocytes suspended in plasma and exposed to the clinical dose of UVB was sixfold higher (310 +/- 41 arbitrary units) and resulted in early cell death (within 24 hours). We hypothesize that this high level of UVB radiation induces fragmentation of the leukocytes. As a consequence, the poor results of UVB irradiation may be explained by the onset of HLA- alloimmunization induced by soluble donor HLA class I antigens processed and presented by host antigen-presenting cells.

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Terminalia ferdinandiana inhibited the increased of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and prevent collagen decreased in mice skin exposed to UV-B

Neurologico Spinale Medico Chirurgico ◽

10.36444/nsmc.v4i1.136 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 11-14

Author(s):

Shalihaty Emy ◽

Ida Sri Iswari ◽

Ni Wayan Winarti

Keyword(s):

Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ◽

The Mean ◽

Kakadu Plum ◽

Terminalia Ferdinandiana

Kakadu cream contained 0,1% Kakadu plum (Terminalia ferdinandiana) extract with a high content of phenolic compound, flavonol, tocopherol, luthein, chlorophyll, and ellagic acid has potential to prevent the Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) effect on skin aging acceleration. To date, there’s no in vivo experiment on the effect of kakadu plum extract on collagen nor matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1). This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Kakadu cream administration in inhibiting the increase of MMP-1 expressions and prevent the decrease of collagen amount in mice (Mus musculus) skin exposed to UV-B. An experimental study with a post-test only control group design was employed in 36 male mice, 6-8 weeks old, weighing 20-25 grams. The samples were divided randomly into two groups, a control group given base cream and the study group, given Kakadu cream 0,1% on their shaved backs, 1 cm2 in size as the UV-B exposure's location. The UV-B irradiation was done three times a week for 4 weeks. The base and Kakadu cream were given twice a day. Comparative analysis was carried out to compare MMP-1 expression and collagen amount in both groups. The results show that the mean of MMP-1 expression on the study group was significantly lower compared to control group (p<0.001). The mean collagen amount was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p< 0,001). From the results, can be concluded that Kakadu cream inhibited the increase MMP-1 expression and prevent the decrease of collagen amount in mice skin exposed to UV-B.

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UVB irradiation of human platelet concentrates does not prevent HLA alloimmunization in recipients

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v84.10.3524.3524 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 84 (10) ◽

pp. 3524-3531 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

MA Grijzenhout ◽

MI Aarts-Riemens ◽

FR de Gruijl ◽

H van Weelden ◽

HC van Prooijen

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Hla Antigens ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Control Group ◽

Unexpected Finding ◽

Uvb Radiation ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Uvb Irradiation ◽

Hla Class I Antigens ◽

Delayed Cell Death

Abstract Exposure of platelet concentrates (PCs) to ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) has been advocated as an alternative method for prevention of the onset of HLA sensitization in recipients. In this study, pooled PCs were irradiated in a Haemonetics UV irradiator (Haemonetics Corp, Braintree, MA) at a dose that did not induce platelet activation. The effect of UVB irradiation on prevention of primary HLA sensitization was evaluated in a prospective controlled clinical study performed in cardiac patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients were treated with filtered red blood cells and a single transfusion of either standard (control group) or UVB-irradiated (UVB group) pooled platelets prepared from 12 donors. Five of 39 patients in the control group and 6 of 62 patients in the UVB group developed allo-antibodies against HLA antigens, which is not significantly different (P = .62). This unexpected finding prompted us to check the efficacy of UVB irradiation. We determined UVB-specific DNA damage in cells by measuring the fluorescence from a labeled specific monoclonal antibody against thymine dimers. With this novel flow cytometer technique, we estimated in UVB-irradiated leukocytes in saline that a mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of 47 +/- 2 arbitrary units (n = 6) correlated with abolition of alloreactivity in mixed lymphocyte cultures and delayed cell death (within 72 hours). MFI in leukocytes suspended in plasma and exposed to the clinical dose of UVB was sixfold higher (310 +/- 41 arbitrary units) and resulted in early cell death (within 24 hours). We hypothesize that this high level of UVB radiation induces fragmentation of the leukocytes. As a consequence, the poor results of UVB irradiation may be explained by the onset of HLA- alloimmunization induced by soluble donor HLA class I antigens processed and presented by host antigen-presenting cells.

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Protective Effect of Bixin Isolated from Bixa orellana L. Seeds on UVB-Induced Inflammation and Immunosuppression of the Skin

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v18i1.39559 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 107-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Atina Hussaana ◽

Suparmi ◽

Hani Afnita Murti

Keyword(s):

Medical Science ◽

Skinfold Thickness ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Contact Hypersensitivity ◽

Control Group ◽

Uvb Radiation ◽

Bixa Orellana ◽

Uvb Irradiation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Inflammatory Edema

Background: DNA damage caused by excessive ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation on the skin triggers the response to inflammatory and immunosuppression. The bixin from Bixa orellana L. has been proven to be able to inhibit cyclo-oxygenase. Objective: to verify whether the bixin lotion has the effect to offer protection against inflammation and immunosuppression due to acute UVB irradiation in shaved BALB /c mice. Methods: Protection against inflammation and immunosuppression, respectively were studied in 4 groups of mice. Each group was treated respectively with topical application of base lotion as a control; bixin lotion doses of 0.5 mg; 2.5 mg and 125 mg, for 10 days prior to and during the UVB irradiation. The Inflammation was induced by UVB irradiation, 360 mJ/cm2 once a day for 3 consecutive days, whereas the immunosuppression was induced by UVB irradiation, 360 mJ/cm2 once a day for 5 consecutive days. The inflammatory response was measured as an increase in middorsal skinfold thickness at the peak response. The immune response was measured as the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) response to oxasolon sensitization. Results: The results indicated that in concentration range used, bixin lotion significantly decreased the middorsal skinfold thickness at 72 hours after UVB radiation (p <0.05) compared to the control, but there was no significant difference between couples of the dose of bixin. Bixin lotion was also capable to restore the suppression of CHS from 34.22% in the control group to 11.4%; 0.5% and 0% at doses of 0.5; 2.5 and 125 mg respectively (p <0.05). Conclusion: Bixin lotion has the potential to reduce the inflammatory edema reaction and the suppression of CHS of mice induced by UVB radiation. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.107-111

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Efektifitas Penggunaan Pasta Biji Kopi Robusta Sebagai Pembersih Gigi Tiruan Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Resin Akrilik Heat Cured

Pustaka Kesehatan ◽

10.19184/pk.v6i2.8653 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 339

Author(s):

Afthin Maritta Noviyanti ◽

Rahardyan Parnaadji ◽

FX Ady Soesetijo

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Acrylic Resin ◽

Total Sample ◽

Control Group ◽

Coffee Bean ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Denture Base ◽

Robusta Coffee ◽

Coffee Beans ◽

Electric Toothbrush

The most used denture base materials is heat cured acrylic resin. The disadvantages of acrylic resin are easy to absorb water and porosity that can increase surface roughness. The surface roughness can facilitate the attachment of microorganisms and accumulation of plaque. The cleansing of mechanical denture use electric toothbrush and denture cleanser paste. This paste uses natural materials from robusta coffee beans that decrease surface roughness. To determine the effectivity of robusta coffee beans paste as a denture cleanser to the surface roughness of heat cured acrylic resin. This study was an experimental laboratory with the research design the post test only control group design. Total sample of 36 samples in size (65 x 10 x 2,5) mm which consisted of 4 groups: control group without brushing, group A brushed with electric toothbrush and a placebo paste, group B brushed with electric toothbrush and robusta coffee beans paste 25%, and group C brushed with electric toothbrush and robusta coffee beans paste 50%. Brushing was done for 22 minutes, then measured the surface roughness of dentures. Robusta coffee bean paste was less effective as a denture cleanser agent against the surface roughness of the heat cured acrylic resin. Robusta coffee beans paste 50% can be used as a denture cleanser. Keyword: acrylic resin, electric toothbrush, robusta coffee bean paste, surface roughness

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Skin Hydration Effects of Scale-Up Fermented Cyclopia intermedia against Ultraviolet B-Induced Damage in Keratinocyte Cells and Hairless Mice

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/3121936 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

A-Rang Im ◽

Sung Hum Yeon ◽

Kon-Young Ji ◽

Rak Ho Son ◽

Key An Um ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Scale Up ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Skin Hydration ◽

Uvb Radiation ◽

Hairless Mice ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase 1

Photoaging occurs by chronic skin exposure to the sun and ultraviolet irradiation and leads to skin aging accompanied by a lack of skin hydration. We previously demonstrated the photoprotective effect of fermented Cyclopia intermedia (honeybush) extract on the skin. In this study, we evaluated the skin hydration effects of scaled-up fermented honeybush extract (HU-018) against ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in HaCaT immortalized human keratinocytes and hairless mice. Pretreating HaCaT cells with HU-018 attenuated the decreased hyaluronic acid (HA) levels and mRNA expression of genes encoding involucrin, filaggrin, and loricrin by UVB irradiation. HU-018 treatment also ameliorated the decreased stratum corneum (SC) hydration and the increased levels of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and erythema index (EI) in hairless mice after UVB exposure. Microarray analysis revealed changes in gene expression patterns of hyaluronan synthase 2 (Has2), transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3), and elastin induced by HU-018 in UVB-irradiated mice. Consistently, the mRNA expression of Has2, TGF-β3, and elastin was increased by HU-018 treatment. Moreover, HU-018 restored the increased epidermal thickness and collagen disorganization in skin tissue of UVB-irradiated mice. HU-018 treatment also decreased matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression and increased procollagen type-1, elastin, and TGF-β1 expression. In conclusion, we found that HU-018 promoted skin hydration processes in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes and hairless mice by modulating involucrin, filaggrin, loricrin, and HA expression and ameliorating visible signs of photoaging. Thus, HU-018 may be a good skin hydration agent for skin care.

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Effect of Phototherapy on the Structure of the Periocular Skin Microbiota of Jaundiced Newborns Wearing Different Eye Patches

10.21203/rs.3.rs-279446/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Minling Mo ◽

Anping Lv ◽

Yanan Ma ◽

Sainan Fan ◽

Kun Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Control Group ◽

Basic Information ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Skin Microbiota ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Time Periods ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Skin Samples

Abstract Background Phototherapy is a very common method to treat jaundice.This study explored whether phototherapy affected the periocular skin microbiota of newborns and whether the use of different eye patches during phototherapy had different effects on the microbiota. Methods Twenty neonates with jaundice were randomly divided into experimental (using modified eye patches) and the control (using conventional eye patches) groups. Skin samples around the eyes were collected before phototherapy and 24h and 48h after phototherapy, and 16SDNA high-throughput sequencing was performed to identify bacterial strains in the microbiota in different time periods. Results No significant difference was found in the basic information, including age, gestational age, body weight, sex, decrease in the bilirubin level, and conjunctivitis, between the two groups (P > 0.05). Also, no significant difference was observed in the abundance of different bacterial strains in the control group before and after phototherapy (P > 0.05). In the control group, the first three strains in the periocular skin were mainly Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Corynebacterium. In the experimental group, the colony abundance in the periocular skin decreased significantly 48 h after phototherapy (P < 0.05); the abundance of some bacteria, such as Enterococcus or Enterobacter, around the eyes decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The skin around the eyes in the experimental group was also dominated by staphylococci and streptococci before and after phototherapy. Conclusion Phototherapy can change the flora of the skin around the eyes of newborns.The skin of newborns who wore conventional eye patches exhibited no significant change in the abundance of bacterial strains after phototherapy, but a significant decrease was observed in those who used improved eye patches.

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Pemberian tempoyak per oral dapat menghambat peningkatan ekspresi matriks metaloproteinase-1 pada tikus (Rattus norvegicus) betina dewasa galur Wistar yang dipajan sinar UVB

JURNAL BIOMEDIK (JBM) ◽

10.35790/jbm.9.2.2017.16357 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Joni Fiter ◽

AAG Putra Wiraguna ◽

Wimpie Pangkahila

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Ultraviolet Rays ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ◽

Per Oral

Abstract: Ultraviolet B (UVB) is a source of free radicals that accelerate aging process, especially in the skin by increasing the expression of MMP-1. Tempoyak is rich in nutraceuticals and probiotics that may provide a protective effect against skin exposure to ultraviolet rays. This study was aimed to prove that oral tempoyak could inhibit the increase of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in UVB-induced rats (Rattus norvegicus). This was a true experimental study with the posttest only control group design. Subjects were 36 female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), aged 2.5-3 months, weighing180-200 g, divided into 2 groups. The control group (P0) exposed to UVB was given oral aquadest as placebo, while the treatment group (P1) exposed to UVB was given 1 g/200 g body weight of oral tempoyak. After 15 days of treatment, all rats were anesthetized and their skin tissues were taken for examination of MMP-1 expression. The analysis showed that the average of MMP-1 expression in the control group (P0) was 25.26±11.19% meanwhile the average of MMP-1 expression in the treatment group (P1) was 8.67±2.51%. There was a significant difference between the MMP-1 expression of the two groups (P = 0.000). Conclusion: Oral tempoyak could inhibit the increase of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in UVB-induced rats (Rattus norvegicus).Keywords: tempoyak, MMP-1, UVBAbstrak: Ultraviolet B (UVB) merupakan salah satu sumber radikal bebas yang dapat mempercepat proses penuaan, khususnya penuaan kulit melalui peningkatan ekspresi MMP-1. Tempoyak yang kaya akan kandungan nutraseutikal dan probiotik dapat memberikan efek perlindungan kulit terhadap pajanan sinar ultraviolet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian tempoyak per oral dapat menghambat peningkatan ekspresi MMP-1 tikus yang dipajan sinar ultraviolet-B (UVB). Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan menggunakan post test only control group design. Subjek penelitian ialah 36 ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus), betina, galur Wistar, berumur 2,5-3 bulan, dengan berat badan 180-200 gr yang dibagi menjadi 2 (dua) kelompok masing-masing berjumlah 18 ekor tikus. Kelompok kontrol (P0) diberikan pajanan UVB dan akuades per oral sebagai plasebo sedangkan kelompok perlakuan (P1) diberikan pajanan UVB dan tempoyak dengan dosis 1 gr/ 200 gr BB. Setelah 15 hari perlakuan, seluruh tikus dianestesi kemudian diambil jaringan kulitnya untuk pemeriksaan ekspresi MMP-1 dermis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rerata ekspresi MMP-1 pada kelompok kontrol (P0) ialah 25,26±11,19% sedangkan rerata ekspresi MMP-1 pada kelompok perlakuan (P1) ialah 8,67±2,51%. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara rerata ekspresi MMP-1 antara kedua kelompok (P = 0,000). Simpulan: Pemberian tempoyak per oral dapat menghambat peningkatan ekspresi MMP-1 tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang dipajan sinar ultraviolet-B (UVB).Kata kunci: tempoyak, MMP-1, UVB

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Protective effects of Oxya chinensis sinuosa Mishchenko against ultraviolet B-induced photodamage in hairless mice

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12906-019-2692-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A-Rang Im ◽

InWha Park ◽

Kon-Young Ji ◽

Joo Young Lee ◽

Ki Mo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Vehicle Control ◽

Cytokine Expression ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Skin Hydration ◽

Control Group ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Epidermal Thickness ◽

Vehicle Control Group ◽

Uvb Irradiation

Abstract Background Edible insects, including Oxya chinensis sinuosa Mishchenko (Oc), which is consumed as food in Asia, are considered as a human food shortage alternative, and also as a preventive measure against environmental destruction. Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation, which causes skin photodamage, is considered as an extrinsic skin aging factor. It reduces skin hydration, and increases wrinkle formation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokine expression. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the anti-aging effects of an ethanol extract of Oc (Oc.Ex). Methods A UVB-irradiated hairless mouse model was used to examine relevant changes in skin hydration, wrinkle formation, and skin epidermal thickness. Also, antioxidant markers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were analyzed, and Oc. Ex skin protective effects against UVB irradiation-induced photoaging were examined by determining the levels of skin hydration factors. Results Oc.Ex improved epidermal barrier dysfunctions such as increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and capacitance reduction in UVB-irradiated mice. It upregulated skin hydration-related markers, including hyaluronic acid (HA), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and pro-collagen, in UVB-irradiated mice, compared with the vehicle control group. It also reduced UVB-induced wrinkle formation, collagen degradation, and epidermal thickness. Additionally, it remarkably suppressed the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and restored the activity of SOD and CAT in UVB-irradiated mice, compared with the vehicle control group. Furthermore, Oc. Ex treatment downregulated the production of inflammatory cytokines and phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway activated by UVB irradiation. Conclusion This study revealed that Oc. Ex reduced skin thickness and the degradation of collagen fibers by increasing hydration markers and collagen-regulating factors in the skin of UVB-irradiated mice. It also inhibited UVB-induced antioxidant enzyme activity and inflammatory cytokine expression via MAPK signaling downregulation, suggesting that it prevents UVB-induced skin damage and photoaging, and has potential for clinical development in skin disease treatment.

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