scholarly journals Resources of quartz raw materials, Gargan block, East Sayan quartzite-bearing area

Georesursy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Alexander Fedorov ◽  
Valentina Makrygina ◽  
Anatoly Mazukabzov ◽  
Alexander Nepomnyashchikh ◽  
Dulmazhap Ayurzhanaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Optical Glass ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rock Properties ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Carbonate Sequence ◽  
Major Factors

The evaluation (according to structural and geochemical rock properties ) of the quartzites from the East Sayan quartzite-bearing area as a potential source of quartz raw material for crystalline silicon and optical glass manufacturing can significantly expand the forecast resources of this type of raw materials. The geological structure of the Irkut Formation, productive of high-purity quartzites is specified within the Oka-Urik, Urengenur and Urdagargan quartz-bearing areas; geological, mineralogical-petrographic and geochemical characteristics of the main quartzite types are given, the main morphological features of productive high-purity quartzite bodies are specified to predict their occurrence at depth. The major factors in the formation of high-purity quartzite bodies include: 1) quartzites are accumulated in the siliceous-carbonate sequence of the Middle Riphean Irkut Formation within a broad but isolated basin; 2) high-purity quartzite bodies are produced as a result of dynamic recrystallization due to the deformation of primary microquartzites resulting from the collision of the Dunzhugar island arc with the Gargan microcontinent margin. Within the western part of the East-Sayan quartz-bearing area, quartzite reserves as a potential source for silicon metallurgy and production of optical glass were estimated as 134 mln tons.

scholarly journals Design for Recycling Principles Applicable to Selected Clean Energy Technologies: Crystalline-Silicon Photovoltaic Modules, Electric Vehicle Batteries, and Wind Turbine Blades

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-774
Author(s):  
Alex Norgren ◽  
Alberta Carpenter ◽  
Garvin Heath
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Design For Recycling ◽  
Pv Modules

Abstract The global growth of clean energy technology deployment will be followed by parallel growth in end-of-life (EOL) products, bringing both challenges and opportunities. Cumulatively, by 2050, estimates project 78 million tonnes of raw materials embodied in the mass of EOL photovoltaic (PV) modules, 12 billion tonnes of wind turbine blades, and by 2030, 11 million tonnes of lithium-ion batteries. Owing partly to concern that the projected growth of these technologies could become constrained by raw material availability, processes for recycling them at EOL continue to be developed. However, none of these technologies are typically designed with recycling in mind, and all of them present challenges to efficient recycling. This article synthesizes and extends design for recycling (DfR) principles based on a review of published industrial and academic best practices as well as consultation with experts in the field. Specific principles developed herein apply to crystalline-silicon PV modules, batteries like those used in electric vehicles, and wind turbine blades, while a set of broader principles applies to all three of these technologies and potentially others. These principles are meant to be useful for stakeholders—such as research and development managers, analysts, and policymakers—in informing and promoting decisions that facilitate DfR and, ultimately, increase recycling rates as a way to enhance the circularity of the clean energy economy. The article also discusses some commercial implications of DfR. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals PHOSPHORITE ORES OF THE SOUTH URALS AS AN AGROCHEMICAL RAW MATERIAL: GEOLOGY, COMPOSITION, STATE OF KNOWLEDGE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Mustafin ◽  
◽  
A.V. Rasskazov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
South Urals ◽  
The South ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Development Prospects

The state and prospects of development of phosphorite ore resources as agrochemical raw materials of the Russian Federation are analyzed. The geological structure, composition of ores and the prospects for forecasting, assessing and integrated development of phosphorite deposits of the South Ural phosphorite basin are characterized.

scholarly journals PURIFICATION OF LITHIUM CARBONATE FROM SPODUMENE RAW MATERIAL FOR APPLICATION IN ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
Gauhar Bishimbaeva ◽  
Asem Zhanabaeva ◽  
Dinara Zhumabaeva ◽  
Araylym Nalibaeva ◽  
Erlan Abdikalykov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices

An efficient technology has been developed for obtaining high-purity lithium car bonate (99.95%) from Kazakhstani spodumene raw materials

scholarly journals Sustainable Silicon and High Purity Alumina Production from Secondary Silicon and Aluminium Raw Materials through the Innovative SisAl Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Toli ◽  
Georgia Maria Tsaousi ◽  
Efthymios Balomenos ◽  
Dimitrios Panias ◽  
Matthias Heuer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Pure Aluminium ◽  
Alumina Production ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Total Extraction

Calcium aluminate slag produced by the aluminothermic reduction of silica is tested as a candidate raw material for the hydrometallurgical production of pure aluminium chloride hexahydrate (ACH) through leaching with hydrochloric acid. The crystallization of ACH follows by sparging the pregnant liquor with hydrochloric gas. Almost total extraction of Al is achieved with the use of azeotropic HCl acid solution (5.9 M) at 80 °C and 1 h retention time. A pregnant liquor with approximately 20 wt% AlCl3 is produced as a base for ACH crystallization by sparging it with gaseous HCl. The ACH produced is re-dissolved and crystallized three to four times until high purity is achieved. High purity ACH acts as a precursor for producing High Purity Alumina (HPA), a high added value material used in LEDs and lithium-ion batteries and other niche applications.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF CARBONATE RAW MATERIALS OF GRAČANICA, DEPOSIT "SKLOP

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damir Baraković
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Materials Analysis ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
Metallic Mineral

Mineral resources as natural resources constitute the backbone of the development of the nationaleconomy of each country, and their valorization should be classified into its strategic developmentplans. Polyvalent industrial branches of the economy today are unthinkable without adequate supply ofraw materials, analysis of raw material base, their preparation and processing, technology of breedingand possible application.Due to the geological structure of the municipality of Gračanica, carbonate raw materials are one of themost important non-metallic mineral raw materials. In the territory of the municipality of Gračanicathere are numerous areas with deposits of carbonate raw materials (architectural and constructional andtechnical-construction stone), among which the "Sklop" deposit occupies the most important place. Thispaper presents the geological characteristics, types of carbonate raw materials, deposits, reserves,quality and potentiality.

Large-Scale Fabrication of Ti3AlC2 Powder with High-Purity

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 948-951
Author(s):  
Chang An Wang ◽  
Chun Qing Peng ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Yong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Sem Observation

A synthesis method of high-pure Ti3AlC2 powder with a large scale was presented as pressureless synthesis using TiC, Ti and Al powders as starting materials at 1300~1450°C in flow Ar. The different raw material scales were tested from 2 g to 1.0 kg, and the results showed that the purities of Ti3AlC2 powders could be kept around 97 wt% at different scales of raw materials. SEM observation and particle size analysis revealed that the synthesized Ti3AlC2 powders were uniform and around 5 μm in particle size. This method can be used for mass production of Ti3AlC2 powders with high-purity.

scholarly journals Production cycle characteristics of high-purity quartz opencasting

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Kantemirov Valerii ◽  
Titov Roman ◽  
Iakovlev Andrei ◽  
Kozlova Maria
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Impurity Content ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Crystal Silicon ◽  
Quartz Veins ◽  
Technical Solutions

Introduction. Currently, the main raw material for obtaining transparent quartz glass, an indispensable component in the production of single-crystal silicon, is high-purity quartz concentrate. The concentrate is a product of grinding natural “pure” quartz, which has undergone a cycle of mechanical and deep chemical refining, with a particle size of 0.1–0.3 mm and a total impurity content of no more than 20–30 ppm. However, in nature, deposits of pure quartz are quite rare, and it means that each explored site is of particular importance and is to be developed with minimal losses of quartz raw materials. Research aim is to develop technical solutions for processing small veins of high-purity granulated quartz. Methodology. Physical and mechanical properties and mining conditions for the individual quartz veins of the Kyshtym deposit are analyzed. Production cycle solutions for opencasting quartz veins have been developed allowing to reduce the degree of quartz over-grinding. Results. Granulated quartz, due to its structure, has the property of “avalanche” destruction into small grains. This significantly reduces the yield of the conditioned fraction –400 +20 mm, and regarding small reserves of quartz in veins, on average 0.1–2 thousand tons, it raises the question as to whether the development is feasible and effective. To increase the yield of conditioned fractions of quartz raw materials, a non-explosive technology of quartz breaking is proposed with a hydraulic hammer on a hydraulic excavator in combination with quartz vein preliminary exposure from the host rocks using a special technology for blasting rocks in the contact zone of “quartz-rock”. Conclusions. The proposed technical solutions will allow to involve small quartz veins of high purity granulated quartz into the development and provide high productivity and efficiency of mining operations without significant losses of scarce raw materials.

scholarly journals Recycling of cellulose from vegetable fiber waste for sustainable industrial applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERDOGAN UMIT HALIS ◽  
DURAN HICRAN ◽  
SELLI FIGEN
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Vegetable Fibers ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Vegetable Fiber

Recently two significant topics that became important for textile industry namely ‘providing sustainability by reusing of textile wastes’ and ‘developing high-valued new textile raw materials. Cellulose, which is a fascinating polymer, has been used for years as a raw material to obtain various products such as papers, fibers and films. In this study, it is aimed to provide sustainability with recycling of cellulose from waste jute fibers, considering the amount of waste jute weft yarns released in the production process of machine carpets. For this purpose, pre-cleaning of waste fibers was carried out at first, and then extraction of cellulose was accomplished, and finally characterization of recycled cellulose was performed. Organic acid extraction method was effective for isolation of cellulose from waste fibers with 43.65% yield performance. Microscopic and experimental analyses confirmed that non-cellulosic part of waste fibers were removed successfully and recycled cellulose has similar structure with control cellulose. Our results suggest that, waste vegetable fibers can be used as a potential source for cellulose. Recycled cellulose can be used in the production of paper, composites, regenerated cellulose fibers and other industrial applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chemical Composition of Some Silphium L. Species as Alternative Raw Materials

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Kowalska ◽  
Urszula Pankiewicz ◽  
Radosław Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Mineral Substances ◽  
Renewable Raw Material

The chemical composition of three Silphium species in the aspect of the possibility of their use for various purposes has been evaluated. The plant material of three Silphium species (S. perfoliatum, S. trifoliatum and S. integrifolium) was acquired from cultivation located in eastern Poland. The vegetative propagating material consisted of seeds and rhizomes. Content of protein (up to 22.9% in leaves of S. perfoliatum), amino acids (aspartic acid—up to 12.0%, glutamic acid—up to 9.5%, and leucine—up to 9.4%), fat (up to 4.2% in inflorescences of S. perfoliatum), cellulose (up to 42.9% in stems of S. trifoliatum), water-soluble sugars (up to 26.7% in rhizomes of S. perfoliatum) and mineral substances (ash up to 20.9% in stems of S. integrifolium, with significant levels of elements such as K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn) in the tested Silphium species can be an important criterion determining a positive evaluation of these plants as sources of alternative raw materials. The conducted research is meant to draw attention to the possibility of use of the biomass of three Silphium species as a potential source of ecological and renewable raw material for food, pharmaceuticals, feed and possibly also for energy generation purposes.

New Route of Utilization of Pegmatites Tailings to Application as a Ceramics Raw Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
A.L. Silva ◽  
E.W.V. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Paper Pulp ◽  
Industrial Minerals ◽  
Process Route ◽  
Consumer Markets ◽  
New Process

The proposal to obtain a new route for exploitation of tailings from pegmatite emerged from the need of many companies that showed to reuse of these tailings as raw materials ceramics. The pegmatites represent a large part of available industrial minerals. These can be classified into: kaolin, feldspar, mica, quartz and metallic minerals such as tantalite / columbite and others. The consumer markets for these minerals are glassmaking, ceramic industries, paper, pulp, metallurgy, etc. Order for the product is fit for sale ceramics and metals companies must be of high purity of this raw material. Therefore, the process of separation of these minerals must be carried out as effectively as possible. In this study, surveys have been made to the development of a new process route which facilitates, an optimized manner, separation from pegmatite, concentrated in the waste process of extracting companies, so that a better product shall be passed through the ceramic industry.

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