scholarly journals USANDO VEÍCULOS ECOLÓGICOS COMO UMA ALTERNATIVA PARA MELHORAR A QUALIDADE DO AR NAS METRÓPOLES IRANIANAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mohajer ◽  
Mohsen Gerami
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
High Level

RESUMOO Irã como país em desenvolvimento está enfrentando uma quantidade excessiva de poluição do ar em suas grandes cidades. Parece que usar veículos elétricos / híbridos é uma solução apropriada, mas qual carro será mais compatível com a sociedade, o ambiente e as pessoas do Irã ainda é vago? Para responder a essa pergunta, projetamos nosso modelo no qual os quatro híbridos mais populares mundialmente / A eletricidade foi analisada com base nas idéias de especialistas. Em geral, é utilizado o método analítico-descritivo, a comunidade da pesquisa inclui todos os especialistas no campo da gestão ambiental e o tamanho da amostra é obtido usando o método objetivo não aleatório (10 especialistas foram questionados) para priorizar entre carros diferentes com base em um método processo analítico de hierarquia. Os resultados mostraram que, com base na perspectiva dos especialistas, veículos totalmente elétricos são preferencialmente mais compatíveis com a situação do Irã do que veículos híbridos. A característica mais significativa que é contribuída para os veículos elétricos é o alto nível de eficiência de combustível e a menor quantidade de poluição atribuída ao seu motor elétrico, o que significa que eles não liberarão nenhuma poluição no ar. Finalmente, com base nos resultados, sugerimos algumas estratégias, entre as quais a substituição de veículos a combustível antigos e de baixa eficiência, aplicando impostos excessivos regularmente.Palavras-chave: Veículos Elétricos / Híbridos, Poluição do Ar, Transporte Urbano.USING GREEN VEHICLES AS AN APPROACH TO IMPROVE AIR QUALITY IN IRANIAN METROPOLISESNowadays due to the overwhelming levels of pollution, especially in large cities, going green, which means products have higher levels of energy consumption efficiency, is one of the crucial features of any product. In fact being green for vehicles which are responsible for majority of air pollution is significant, therefore companies are trying to product more environment-friendly cars and governments are more intended to place more environmental standards on this industry. Iran as a developing country is facing excessive amount of air pollution in its big cities and it is necessary for this country to invest on more environmental products, especially in transportation system which release a numerous level of air and noise pollution into the environment. It seems, it will be an appropriate approach for this country to produce or import Electric/Hybrid vehicles, but which car will be more compatible with Iran’s society, environment and people situation is still vague, in order of answering this question we designed our model in which 4 most globally popular Hybrid/Electric has been analyzed based on experts’ ideas. In general, descriptive-analytic method is used, the survey community is included all experts in the field of environmental management and sample size is obtained using non-random objective method (10 experts have been questioned) for prioritizing between different cars based on an analytic hierarchy process. The results showed that based on the experts’ perspective, fully electric vehicles are would rather be more compatible with Iran’s situation than Hybrid ones. The most significant feature that is contributed to Electric vehicles is about their high level of fuel efficiency and the least amount of pollution attributed to their Electric engine, which means they will release no pollution into the air. We finally based on the results, suggested some strategies, among which replacing old and low efficient fuel vehicles, placing excessive tax on regular cars and Tax exemption(for driving, importing and manufacturing electric cars) are the practical approaches for government in order to engage people buying-using more efficient cars. Keywords: Electric / Hybrid Vehicles, Air Pollution, Urban Transportation

Future perspectives

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 3110-3111
Author(s):  
Thomas Münzel ◽  
Sanjay Rajagopalan ◽  
Mette Sørenson ◽  
Dave Newby ◽  
Robert D. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
The World ◽  
Vehicle Technologies ◽  
Motorized Vehicles

Efforts to mitigate air pollution and noise are a complex endeavour as they involve addressing their sources, which vary depending on the country and region of the world and complex economic and geopolitical considerations. Measures such as mandatory or voluntary greenhouse emissions or fuel efficiency standards, shifting to lower-carbon fuels, legislating the use of motorized vehicles/kilometres driven, introduction of electric mass transit, congestion pricing/taxes, vehicle and fuel taxes, and advanced vehicle technologies (e.g. battery electric cars, hybrids, plug-in hybrids, and fuel cell cars) may help simultaneously alleviate air and noise pollution and climate change goals.

scholarly journals New Risk Situations Related to Low Noise from Electric Vehicles: Perception of Workers as Pedestrians and Other Vehicle Drivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6701
Author(s):  
María Carmen Pardo-Ferreira ◽  
Juan Antonio Torrecilla-García ◽  
Carlos de las Heras-Rosas ◽  
Juan Carlos Rubio-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Low Speeds ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Sales of electric and hybrid electric vehicles are increasing steadily worldwide, and consequently their presence increases in city areas. At low speeds, the low levels of noise produced by these vehicles could become a new risk factor for road users. However, the magnitude of the risk has not been accurately determined. In addition, its inclusion in the work environment could pose a new risk that should be managed. Thus, in relation to low noise levels of electric and hybrid vehicles, this study aimed to characterise the risk situations and determine the risk perception of workers as pedestrians and internal combustion engine vehicle drivers coming into contact with these vehicles. The data were extracted from 417 questionnaires filled out by the employees of public service companies who come into contact with electric and hybrid vehicles during their working day in the city of Málaga, in the region of Andalusia, Spain. According to the experiences reported, it seems that the risk due to the low noise levels of electric vehicles is moderate and does not reach alarming levels. These risk situations usually occurred in low speed urban areas, particularly when crossing the road, or in semi-pedestrian areas. Almost half the respondents considered that the electric vehicle poses a risk to other road users because it is more difficult to hear, and they believe it likely that other road users could be injured. Despite that risk, pedestrians did not change their way of walking or moving around the parking areas and other areas of the company. Electric and hybrid electric cars are now required to produce sound when travelling at low speeds. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of this measure should be assessed once implemented and future research should explore alternative non-acoustic measures.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Comparison between Hybrid and Electric Vehicles Using a Multi-Dimensional Techno-Economic Assessment Diagram: Concept and Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Takuya Hara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Gasoline Price ◽  
Co2 Intensity ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Uncertainty Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

This paper presents a visualization methodology, in the form of a multi-dimensional techno-economic assessment diagram, to comprehensively illustrate the relationship between assumptions (sets of input parameters) and results (corresponding output variables). This methodology is applied to analyze the lifecycle costs and CO2 emissions of hybrid vehicles (HVs) and electric vehicles (EVs). This paper then develops an eight-dimensional interactive diagram showing the relative advantages of HVs or EVs in the input space consisting of the following parameters: HV fuel efficiency; EV energy efficiency, total mileage travelled gasoline price, electricity price, battery price, gasoline CO2 intensity, and electricity CO2 intensity. This methodology provides a map illustrating the comprehensive relationship between the inputs and outputs in the model used, where specific scenarios (specific sets of inputs and their outputs) are represented by points plotted on the map. This methodology can be used in systematic comparisons of electric vehicles and related uncertainty analyses.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE BY USING ACTIVE FILTERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Vrishali Sanjay Bhutkar ◽  
Haripriya Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Active Filters ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Battery Charge ◽  
High Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Run Up

In electric vehicle is new emerging trend, because cost of fuel is increasing and air pollution is also increasing. Electric vehicle is control the air pollution. Electric vehicle also gives less cost per kilometer. Electric vehicles can run up to 450 km in a single battery charge to achieve this distance normal fuel consumes very large amount of fuel giving rise to costly journey as well as rise in air pollution but in case of electric vehicles does not pollute air and have high fuel efficiency because of this it is very beneficial for the society. In electric vehicles battery pack is uses to give power to electric motors. Battery is dc supply. Inverter is converted DC to impure AC supply having large harmonics, these harmonics reduces the efficiency of electric motor that as electric vehicle. This work shows some MATLAB simulation of inverter has done 21 levels. This simulation gives approximate output. As a result, THD reduce.

Future of the automotive market in terms of electric cars

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Ewelina Sendek-Matysiak
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Automotive Market ◽  
Current State ◽  
Emission Limits

In 2016, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development published a report in which a modeling was conducted (based, among others, on current emissions, population distribution, economic and demographic trends) that allowed for forecasting the economic consequences of air pollution up to 2060. The project’s authors stated that if countries do not take up more action to improve the quality of air than those introduced the number of early deaths due to air pollution can increase until 2060 and amount to 8-9 million people annually. At the same time, they emphasized that if adequate steps are incorporated in terms of cleaner energy sources, public transport or emission limits, among others, there is a high chance that the air quality improves, which in consequence will substantially lower the health effects and costs. One of the currently introduced solutions is the dissemination of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV), i.e. battery electric vehicles (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. This paper presents the current state of the market for such cars, as well as forecasts of its development. Special emphasis was put to the related plans of car manufacturers.

Cheaper electric cars could help subdue oil demand

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
Oil Demand

Subject Impact of electric vehicles on oil demand. Significance Even with high sales, electric vehicles (EVs) will have limited impact on oil demand over the next decade. However, by 2040 the cumulative impact could be large, potentially representing more than 11 million barrels per day (b/d) of displaced fuel demand. While EVs are proving successful as light-duty vehicles (LDV), they are not yet penetrating the heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) sector where current EV ranges are a constraint. Growth in HDVs could offset any improvement in fuel efficiency on future oil demand. Impacts The belief that EVs are the technology of the future could affect investors' perception of the oil industry's growth prospects. Positive consumer reception of the new sub-40,000-dollar EV models could boost investment in lithium-ion battery production. High EV sales bode ill for alternative transport technologies such as hydrogen-fuel-cell cars Social mobilty services replacing private-vehicle ownership in the long term would transform EVs prospects.

The Comparative Analysis of Structure and Energy Consumption between Electric Cars and Traditional Fuel Cars

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 2301-2306
Author(s):  
Ji Chao Hong ◽  
Tie Zhu Zhang ◽  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Ying Jie Hao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Vehicle Structure ◽  
Main Components

Because of the defects in energy utilization and environment protection of the traditional fuel vehicle, the electric cars have increasing market advantage. This paper analyzed the main structural characteristics of the electric cars by comparing the traditional fuel vehicles from the vehicle structure principle, main components and so on. We known the electric car is different from traditional fuel vehicle in energy consumption economy from energy consumption analysis of the two aspects of efficiency and fuel consumption per hundred kilometers. It is concluded that electric vehicles are significantly higher than the traditional fuel efficiency cars and fuel consumption per hundred kilometers is lower than the traditional fuel cars by comparative analysis. To study the ways to improve the efficiency of energy of electric vehicles, we analyzed the key problems to further improve the development space of energy efficiency, pointed out the key problems which should be researched in the future.

scholarly journals Analysis of environmental hazards in the system «children's playground – urbanized area»

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Veronika Stadnik
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Car Exhaust ◽  
High Level

The article presents the results of the study of environmental pollution by methods of biological indication. The objects of research are children's playgrounds which are influenced by the negative anthropogenic factors. A child's body is more vulnerable to anthropogenic stresses. Car exhaust gases can have a negative impact on the respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous and other systems. Excessive noise pollution not only affects your hearing, but also other organs and systems. In addition, noise can increase stress hormone levels. The aim of the study is to identify the main adverse factors affecting playgrounds in large cities. Despite there are the sanitary standards for the placement of playgrounds in large cities, it was found that about 50 % of all playgrounds were located in violation of environmental safety standards. As part of the work, an inventory of children's playgrounds and sports grounds in the cities of Kyiv, Kharkiv and Dnipro was carried out. The author carried out experimental research on some playgrounds using biological indication methods. The method of lichen indication revealed that four out of ten playgrounds in Kharkiv have a high level of air pollution, and two out of ten in Kyiv and Dnipro. This is confirmed by the biotesting method. It was found that one of the methods of solving the problem of excessive anthropogenic load on the objects of study is planting greenery. It is experimentally established that green plantations are able to reduce the level of noise pollution by 4–6 dB and absorb pollutants. In addition to reducing the anthropogenic load, the greening of playgrounds has an impact on improving the microclimate of the urban environment, and developing the visual qualities of urbanised landscapes

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF MEDICAL AND ECOLOGICAL WELFARE OF THE TERRITORY OF IZHEVSK

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-382
Author(s):  
S.A. Gagarin ◽  
I.L. Malkova ◽  
A.V. Semakina
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article presents the results of zoning of the territory of Izhevsk by the level of medical and ecological well-being using the statistical method of weighted points. The level of morbidity of the child population (per 1000 children up to 15 years old) in the context of 170 pediatric sites was used as the main indicator of the ecological comfort of the urban environment. Among the factors that determine the territorial heterogeneity of medical and statistical indicators, a complex index of air pollution, noise pollution from motor vehicles, and area of gardening were considered. As a result, micro-districts of the city were divided into three groups according to the level of medical and ecological comfort: disadvantaged (20 %), satisfactory (62 %) and comfortable (18 %). The most tense situation is typical for the residential districts Center, Bummash and Nagorny with a consistently high level of morbidity among children. Micro-districts with the most comfortable medical and ecological situation are concentrated in Pervomaisky district.

STATISTICAL METHODS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION OF JHANSI CITY, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. CHAUHAN ◽  
BHANUMATI SINGH ◽  
SHREE GANESH ◽  
JAMSHED ZAIDI
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Status

Studies on air pollution in large cities of India showed that ambient air pollution concentrations are at such levels where serious health effects are possible. This paper presents overview on the status of air quality index (AQI) of Jhansi city by using multivariate statistical techniques. This base line data can help governmental and non-governmental organizations for the management of air pollution.

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