scholarly journals Hybrid War as a Phenomenon of Semantic Postmodern Discourse with Emphasis on the Military Constant as a Factor of National Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-215
Author(s):  
Andriy Tkachuk ◽  
Pavlo Tkachuk
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modes Of Existence ◽  
Practical Representation

The article states the core thesis about two asymmetric modes of existence of war – physical and discursive. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the analytical and practical necessity of distinguishing between two modes of existence of hybrid warfare as a phenomenon of physical reality and as a discursive construct, as well as to raise questions about the value specificity of the relationship between them. The methodology of work represents the implication of two asymmetric modes of war existence – physical and discursive. The relationship between the two modes can be described in particular through modern cognitive-semantic and communicative approaches. Analysis, synthesis (thesis-antithesis), description, distinction, historical perspective, forecasting and hermeneutic tools of comprehension are the core methods of this work. In the military (material) dimension, any military confrontation in general (and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in particular) is localized, while the discourse of this hybrid war has become global. The interpretive component of hybrid warfare is implemented through discursive verbal-semiotic means. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the concept of victory. The Ukrainian dimension embodies the postmodern practical representation of the analysis of the problem of hybrid warfare as a war of interpretations.

scholarly journals MODERN MODELS OF HYBRID WAR

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
А. В. Дугінець ◽  
Т. Г. Бусарєва
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
National Security ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Uncertainty Model ◽  
The Media ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
The Military

As a result of large-scale processes and trends that have taken place in recent decades in the context of globalization and the information revolution, forms, methods, means and, accordingly, interpretations of national interests and national security are being more or less noticeably metamorphosed. Against this background, in recent years, the concept of "hybrid wars" has rapidly entered the military-political lexicon. It is not only firmly established in the scientific and journalistic literature, as well as in the media, but is also widely used in official documents determining the behavior of states in the international arena. New concepts and methods of conducting hybrid war are developing very rapidly today, which requires a revision of the classic military methods of forecasting and planning both offensive and defensive strategies. Like any other war, gybrid war is an area of unreliability and uncertainty. The inaccuracy of intelligence and the constant intervention of chance lead to the fact that the parties to the conflict actually face a completely different situation than expected, and this can not but affect the planning or at least the perceptions of the situation that formed the basis of strategic plans. The transformation of hybrid warfare into a new type of interstate confrontation raises the issue of the use of modern tools of support and decision-making as a priority. The use of the hybrid war model for this purpose is increasingly going beyond the purely scientific sphere, making it an effective factor in ensuring the national security of countries. The development of effective hybrid warfare strategies and counter-strategies requires the introduction of new technologies based on the modeling and application of AI. The symbiosis of modern scientific knowledge and approaches allows us to study, predict and plan modern hybrid military conflicts as nonlinear objects operating in conditions of high uncertainty. Model, created for this purpose, should be easily integrated into the political and military decision-making process and, given the complexity of this activity, be integrated. This approach will provide an adequate understanding of the complex, ever-changing phenomena of hybrid warfare and hybrid threads and take them into account in the system of national and global security.

scholarly journals HYBRID WAR AS A MODERN FORM OF VIOLENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (48) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Володимир Вікторович Чалапко
Keyword(s):  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
New Type ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
The Military ◽  
Modern Form

Problem setting. One of the modern forms of violence that requires careful analysis is hybrid war. The events of recent decades have shown that hybrid war is not only a scientific concept, but also a reality today. The phenomenon of hybrid war requires a comprehensive study from both theoretical and practical points of view. Recent research and publications analysis. The problem of hybrid wars is reflected in the scientific works of both foreign and domestic scientists. Among foreign scientists, research in this direction was carried out by R. Glenn, D. Lasik, M. McLuhan, F. Hoffman, who focused on determining the characteristics of hybrid wars in comparison with classical wars, analyzed the strategies and tactical algorithms for conducting such wars, and focused on poly-straightness and multimodality of this type of violence. On the other hand, domestic scientists, in particular V. Kravchenko, focus on the fact that hybrid war is not an absolutely new phenomenon in world history and gives a number of examples of manifestations of "hybridity" in wars of the past. In turn, M. Senchenko, analyzing hybrid war as an integral phenomenon, defines its information component as the main one which the strategy of this type of war is built around. Paper objective. The purpose of this work is to define the essential characteristics of hybrid war as a new form of violence. Paper main body. The understanding of the essence and content of hybrid warfare in the scientific literature is presented by a number of points of view that complement the understanding of this complex and little-studied phenomenon. As you know, the concept of "hybrid war" was introduced into scientific circulation by the American scientist M. McLuhan. Domestic scientists generally understand hybrid war as military actions that are carried out by combining militaristic, quasi-militaristic, diplomatic, informational, economic and other means in order to achieve strategic political goals. The specificity of this combination lies in the fact that each of the military and non-military methods of conducting a hybrid conflict is used for military purposes and is used as a weapon. The researchers note that hybrid warfare is not a fundamentally new type of violence, and its elements have been used by opponents in wars throughout the entire existence of mankind. "Hybridity" in this sense is understood as the complex application of various means and strategies of warfare – from information-psychological to purely military ones. Conclusions of the research.  Thus, hybrid war as a modern form of violence is aimed primarily not at the seizure of territories, but at mastering the public consciousness of the target country and at dominating its information and cultural field. The victory on the "information and cultural front" provides further economic and political dividends for the initiator of the hybrid war.

scholarly journals Hybrid War and the National Security of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
V. M. Rodachin
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
American Military ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the military conflicts of the XXI century and the existing approaches to their understanding of the foreign and domestic scientific literature. The subject of research is the phenomenon and theory of “hybrid war”, which originated in the late 1990s — early 2000s, and are widely used in current conditions. The founders of the term, theoretical concept and military doctrinal foundations of “hybrid war” are American military experts. The article reveals the stages of formation of the theory of hybrid war, the existing militarytheoretical and political-ideological approaches to the characterisation of its essence. The author emphasised the unfounded nature of the accusations against the Russian Federation about the “annexation of Crimea”, the implementation of “hybrid aggression” in the South-East of Ukraine and other regions. Further, the author presented the analysis of real, not fictional signs of “hybrid war”. The author concluded that hybrid wars are a new instrument of aggression of the neo-Imperial Western powers against sovereign States as opposed to the hegemony of the United States in the crisis of the unipolar world order. The necessity of improving the system of national security of Russia taking into account the USA and NATO unleashing against our country “hybrid war” and its possible escalation is substantiated.

scholarly journals “Hybrid Threats” to Russia’s Security: Identification and Counteraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-71
Author(s):  
S. I. Kodaneva
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
National Security ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Hybrid Threats ◽  
Hybrid War

In the scientific literature, it is customary to consider and analyze war exclusively as a violent (conventional) confrontation of subjects of international politics. However, this does not take into account that modern wars are increasingly unfolding in the “grey zone”, that is, outside the framework of international law, they are conducted both in physical and in other dimensions – informational, cybernetic, cultural, cognitive – and mainly by non-military means and with the involvement of irregular formations (rebels, terrorists, etc.). As a result, today’s interstate confrontation is becoming more complex and hybrid, presenting new mechanisms for non-nuclear deterrence.It is important to understand that the inability to recognize the enemy’s ongoing war in time, to determine the direction of the strike destroyed many states, starting with the Roman Empire and ending with the USSR. This determines the relevance and timeliness of this study, which is aimed at analyzing the content of the phenomenon of hybrid war, determining the main methods of its conduct used today and proposing counteraction measures.It should be recognized that in the modern scientific literature there is no single approach to understanding what a hybrid war is, which is quite understandable precisely because of its essence – the variability and complexity of ways of it conducting, as well as flexibility and adaptability to specific circumstances. There are quite a lot of disparate studies on individual components of hybrid war, such as “soft power”, information, economic and cyberwar, “color revolutions”, etc.The subject of this research is the phenomenon of hybrid warfare, its content and specific ways of conducting hybrid warfare. The purpose of this work is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the subject of research, as well as to structure the manifestation that form the phenomenon of hybrid war in its complex, determine their correlation and mutual influence of various methods of conducting hybrid war, as well as to develop specific proposals for countering threats to Russia’s national security.The importance of developing comprehensive strategic approaches aimed primarily at identifying vulnerabilities, as well as including spiritual security as the basis of the entire security system and countering hybrid threats is emphasized.Taking into account the specified subject and purpose, the introduction reveals the relevance of the study of the phenomenon of hybrid war and the danger that this type of interstate confrontation poses for Russia. Then we analyze the concept of hybrid war and its content, as well as the four main ways of conducting it. The results of the analysis are followed by conclusions and proposals on countering threats to Russia’s national security.

scholarly journals Book review: Informacyjny wymiar wojny hybrydowej, red. Marek Wrzosek, Szymon Markiewicz, Zbigniew Modrzejewski, Akademia Sztuki Wojennej, Warszawa 2018, ss. 183

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Anna Skibińska
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Domestic Literature ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Original Information

A review of the monograph titled “The Information Dimension of Hybrid Warfare,” edited by scientific editors Marek Wrzosk, Szymon Markiewicz, and Zbigniew Modrzejewski, presents the most important issues discussed in this book. Attention was paid to the extensive request of the authors - both in foreign and domestic literature. Although it did not result in a universal, generally accepted definition of "hybrid war", it outlined the context of hybrid conflicts with a particular emphasis on informational actions (including propaganda, disinformation) that are used during this type of conflict. The review also provides an interesting case study. This concerns the course of the hybrid war on the example of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, which has been going on since 2014. Despite the difficulties associated with describing the existing conflict, the authors managed to identify several of the most important areas of action on both sides, and then outline three predictive scenarios, "events". The reviewer also recreates the military doctrine of the Russian Federation and the evolution that took place in the 21st century. The electronic and media dimension of hybrid warfare was also analyzed, which is related to technological development and globalization, which is an increasingly important aspect of this type of conflict. The review also highlights the practical implications of skillfully securing information transmitted over wireless networks and protecting the original information from being captured or lost. According to the reviewer, government agencies should strive to create the appropriate infrastructure necessary to counter potential hybrid conflicts.

1. Fundamental concepts

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Gray ◽  
Susan Francis Gray
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Property Concepts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Titles in the Core Text series take the reader straight to the heart of the subject, providing focused, concise, and reliable guides for students at all levels. This chapter introduces a number of concepts that are fundamental to an understanding of the contemporary law of land in England and Wales. It discusses: definition of ‘land’ as physical reality; the notion of abstract ‘estates’ in land as the medium of ownership; the relationship between law and equity; the meaning of ‘property’ in land; the impact of human rights on property concepts; the ambivalence of common law perspectives on ‘land’; the statutory organisation of proprietary rights in land; and the underlying policy motivations that drive the contemporary law of land.

scholarly journals THE STATE OF PROVIDING INFORMATION SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE MILITARY SPHERE IN A HYBRID WAR

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Sergiy Zaporozhets
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Psychological Operations ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the study of the state of information security of Ukraine in the military sphere in the context of hybrid warfare, analysis of the role and place of information security of the state and the military sphere in conditions of hybrid warfare. The list of the main threats to the information security of the state in the military sphere is established. The recommendations for neutralization of hybrid threats and the organization of counteraction in solving the hybrid war against Ukraine are given: conducting a systematic analysis of the use of the means, forms and methods of information fighting in the military sphere, determining the directions of ensuring information security of the state in this sphere; improvement of legislation on coordination of activities of public authorities and bodies of military administration in solving problems of providing information security; improving the types and means of protection of information in the information and telecommunication networks involved in the management of troops and weapons from unauthorized access; improving the forms and methods of counteracting information and psychological operations aimed at weakening the state’s defense capability; training of specialists in the field of information security in the military sphere. Establishment of the system of providing information security of the state in the military sphere in the conditions of hybrid war should be carried out in accordance with the following basic principles: high degree of integration of the information system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine into the information security system of the state; the preventive-defensive nature of the activities of information-fighting structures aimed at counteracting the challenges, dangers and threats to the national security of the state in the military sphere in any form of their manifestation; a clear division of information security responsibilities between the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukrain. It is revealed that one of the main tendencies in the development of the military-political situation in the world is the acceleration of the development of information technologies, increasing the capabilities of states to conduct information-psychological operations and operations in cyberspace, increasing the sensitivity of society to the death of civilians and the loss of military personnel in military configurations.

scholarly journals HYBRID WARFARE AS A METOD OF IMPLEMENTING THE NATIONAL STRATEGY – THE CASE OF CRIMEA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019, 21/4 (Volume 2019/issue 21/4) ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
BLAŽ TOMŠIČ
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Military Power ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Military Doctrine ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Wide Debate ◽  
National Power ◽  
Constant Feature ◽  
The Military

Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, carried out with an amazing speed and coordination of various soft and hard instruments of national power, while simultaneously using the power of protests by the local pro-Russian population, is undoubtedly one of the better examples of hybrid warfare. The brutality and simultaneous surgical precision of the operation have made it feel as if each of the instruments of national power had played its precisely defined role, which had its basis in the national security and defence documents, such as the national security strategy and military doctrine. This is a proof of the adaptation of the Russia’s military and political strategic framework to the new global challenges of the modern world. The formerly rigid Russia using the primarily brutal military power typical of the Soviet regime, has in this case proved to be a dynamic and highly flexible force, capable of using various instruments of national power, coupled with an appropriate support of a considerably altered, but extremely effective military power instrument. In doing so, it actually shocked the Western professional and political public and opened a wide debate in professional circles, which had previously not attributed the ability of such activities to Russia. Hybrid warfare has become a constant feature of discussions in the military and political circles of the West, focusing primarily on finding solutions to effectively counter the new threat presented in Crimea by the Russian side. Key words Hybrid warfare, national strategy, military doctrine, Crimea.

scholarly journals THE STATE OF PROVIDING INFORMATION SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE MILITARY SPHERE IN A HYBRID WAR

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Sergiy Zaporozhets
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Psychological Operations ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the study of the state of information security of Ukraine in the military sphere in the context of hybrid warfare, analysis of the role and place of information security of the state and the military sphere in conditions of hybrid warfare. The list of the main threats to the information security of the state in the military sphere is established. The recommendations for neutralization of hybrid threats and the organization of counteraction in solving the hybrid war against Ukraine are given: conducting a systematic analysis of the use of the means, forms and methods of information fighting in the military sphere, determining the directions of ensuring information security of the state in this sphere; improvement of legislation on coordination of activities of public authorities and bodies of military administration in solving problems of providing information security; improving the types and means of protection of information in the information and telecommunication networks involved in the management of troops and weapons from unauthorized access; improving the forms and methods of counteracting information and psychological operations aimed at weakening the state’s defense capability; training of specialists in the field of information security in the military sphere. Establishment of the system of providing information security of the state in the military sphere in the conditions of hybrid war should be carried out in accordance with the following basic principles: high degree of integration of the information system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine into the information security system of the state; the preventive-defensive nature of the activities of information-fighting structures aimed at counteracting the challenges, dangers and threats to the national security of the state in the military sphere in any form of their manifestation; a clear division of information security responsibilities between the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukrain. It is revealed that one of the main tendencies in the development of the military-political situation in the world is the acceleration of the development of information technologies, increasing the capabilities of states to conduct information-psychological operations and operations in cyberspace, increasing the sensitivity of society to the death of civilians and the loss of military personnel in military configurations.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Hybrid Warfare Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Chad Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
National Security ◽  
Information Warfare ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Climate Change Risks ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Hybrid War

Concepts of hybrid warfare and climate security are contested on their own, and are rarely considered as connected in planning for future security risks. Yet climate change presents new hazards for national security, and opportunities for those looking to foment instability and uncertainty in traditional institutions. This article examines the connections between climate change risks and hybrid war strategies, and focuses on concepts of resilience targeting, information warfare, and geoengineering, illustrating that ‘full spectrum’ analyses of security are necessary in developing future security strategies.

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