scholarly journals Acceptability of a mushroom enriched composite flour and porridge among child/mother dyads (6-24months) at Nabongo dispensary, Kakamega county, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (07) ◽  
pp. 16957-16968
Author(s):  
Francis Mithamo ◽  
◽  
PW Kamande ◽  
SO Konyole ◽  
AA Musotsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Powder ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
To Come ◽  
Indigenous Foods

There has been increased emphasis on the consumption and utilization of affordable, and locally available indigenous foods in formulating food supplements due to the evidence-based nutritional and pharmacological value. Several studies have been devoted to how best these foods can be prepared, singly or as composites to come up with safe and nutritious foods that are acceptable to the target population. One of such composites that include oyster mushrooms and orange-fleshed sweet potatoes, millet, pumpkin seeds, and milk powder has been successfully developed at Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kenya. The flour with the acronym MMUSTMUG is rich in thiamin, fiber, low in fat, sodium free, good source of iron, and high in vitamin A. Acceptability of this flour is, however, key to it being embraced by the target population. The objective of the current study was to assess the acceptability of both the flour and its porridge in a cross-sectional study among 50 mother-child dyads at Nabongo dispensary in Kakamega County. Questionnaires on the appreciation of the food were administered to establish sensory liking and general acceptability of the porridge and the flour by the caregivers. These were assessed on a five-point hedonic scale. General comments by the mothers/caregivers were recorded verbatim. The porridge was considered acceptable if the child consumed at least 75% of the 100mls served. Means and standard deviations were calculated for the liking of the sensory attributes of the food. Among the participating children, 76% (n=38) consumed ≥75 mls of the served porridge. The means and the standard deviations of the liking for the sensory attributes of the porridge by the parents/caregivers were: (4.78±0.58) for color, (4.76±0.48) for aroma, (4.82±0.44) for taste and (4.80±0.50) for texture whereas the sensory evaluation of the porridge by infants stood at (4.14±1.20) on first sight of the porridge, (2.72±1.58) when child first received porridge and (4.38±0.97) on subsequent offers of the porridge. The color, aroma and texture of the flour were also highly rated. There was a positive correlation (Pearson’s correlation) between the age of the child and the amount of porridge consumed. Both MMUSTMUG flour and porridge were acceptable to the study population and because of the better nutritional value should be promoted in the target population to help manage malnutrition.

Assessment of knowledge about oral cancer: study with students of public education

RSBO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete Rabaldo Bottan ◽  
Iara Fiorentin Comunello ◽  
Constanza Marín ◽  
Eduardo Mazzetti Subtil
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
First Year ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Introduction and Objective: To evaluate the level of knowledge about oral cancer of students attending public school in one city of Santa Catarina (Brasil). Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, using primary data collection. Students of last year of elementary school and first year of high school, enrolled in public schools in the city of Itajaí (SC), in 2012, were the target population. The non-probability sample was obtained by convenience. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire structured with 13 questions divided into three fields. The level of knowledge was made based on pre-established scores. Results: 1149 instruments were analyzed (80.8% of the target population). The average age of the group was 15.5 years and 54.5% were female. The majority (78%) never had received information about oral cancer. Only 27.9% had cognizance about self-examination of the oral cavity. With regard to knowledge, 87.5% classified as unsatisfactory. For most issues the cognitive field did not identify a significant correlation between knowledge and the variables gender and education. When asked if they would like to participate in educational and preventive activitiesabout oral cancer and other issues related to health, 72.6% expressed interest. Conclusion: The group did not have adequate knowledge on the subject of oral cancer. Facing this reality, and the positive attitude of respondents, the researchers designed and offered an educational program to the research subjects.

scholarly journals Exploring entrepreneurial culture and its socio-cultural determinants: in case of Woldia University graduating students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abriham Ebabu Engidaw
Keyword(s):  
Target Population ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
University Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Entrepreneurial Culture ◽  
Graduating Students

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore entrepreneurial intention and its determinants: in the case of Woldia University graduating students. To achieve its objectives, the study employed a descriptive and explanatory research design, and in the study, a cross-sectional study was conducted through a mixed research approach. The target population of the study was 223 regular first-degree 2018 graduating students of Woldia University, Management Department, and their instructors in the study area. The sample size was 143 respondents. The study result showed that majority of the respondents did not plan to start their own knowledge-based business. This was essentially due to the lack of competence in transforming ideas in to practice and commercializing it to create their own business. Correspondingly, prodigious attention should be given to have an entrepreneurial orientation in the contents and methods of teaching at all levels of education systems primary, secondary, and higher educational institutions and use different awareness-raising mechanisms in the country.

scholarly journals Survey of iodine deficiency and intestinal parasitic infections in school-going children: Bie Province, Angola

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1314-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Tomlinson ◽  
Vera Adams ◽  
Mickey Chopra ◽  
Pieter Jooste ◽  
Emmerentia Strydom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
International Health ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The Government

AbstractObjectiveTo obtain baseline pre-intervention prevalence levels of iodine deficiency and parasitic and helminth infections in school-going children in Bie Province, Angola.DesignA cross-sectional study conducted in randomly selected schools. The target population was children aged 6–10 years.SettingBie Province, Angola.SubjectsA total of 1029 children sampled, with 791 stool samples and 826 urine samples collected from twenty-four schools.ResultsWidespread severe and moderate deficiencies in iodine. Children in five schools were severely iodine deficient. All sampled schoolchildren were iodine deficient to a greater or lesser extent. In all, 80 % of all children across the twenty-four schools were infected with one or a combination of intestinal helminths and intestinal protozoa.ConclusionsThese findings have serious implications for the cognitive development of Angolan children, as well as for Angola’s development in terms of productivity and economic potential. It is strongly recommended that the provincial and national Ministries of Health, in collaboration with international health agencies, immediately plan and implement a strategy to provide sufficient iodine through iodised oil capsules and iodised salt to the iodine-deficient population. National coalitions need to be strengthened among the government, partners and salt producers. It is also recommended that all the children in schools be de-wormed for multiple helminth species at least twice a year.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Coronary Heart Disease in a Sample of Greek Adults: The Saronikos Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristofanis Gikas ◽  
Vaia Lambadiari ◽  
Alexios Sotiropoulos ◽  
Demosthenes Panagiotakos ◽  
Stavros Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Region Data

Background: Comprehensive data regarding prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and associated factors in different geographical regions are very important to our understanding of global distribution and evolution of CHD. The aim of this study was to assess the current prevalence of self-reported risk factors and CHD in Greek adult population. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2014, during an election day, among residents of Saronikos municipality (Attica region). Data were collected from face-to-face interviews. The study sample included 2636 subjects (men, 49.5%; mean age, 50.5; range 20-95 years), with similar age and sex distribution to the target population. Results: The age-standardized prevalence rates of five major risk factors were as follows: type 2 diabetes 11.1%, hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol>240 mg/dl or using cholesterol-lowering medication) 23.8%, hypertension 27.2%, current smoking 38.9% and physical inactivity 43%. Of the participants, only 21% were free of any of these factors. Clustering of two to five risk factors was more frequent among persons aged 50 years and older as compared with younger ones (60% vs 27%, P=0.000). The age-adjusted prevalence of CHD was 6.3% (in men, 8.9%; in women, 3.8%) and that of myocardial infarction was 3.6% (in men, 5.2%; in women, 2.1%). According to multivariate analysis age, gender, education level, obesity, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and ever smoking were strongly associated with CHD. Conclusion: Classic risk factors are highly prevalent and frequently clustered, especially in adults aged 50 years and older. These findings raise concerns about future trends of already increased rates of CHD. Multifactorial and integrated population-based interventions need to be applied to reduce the burden of cardiovascular conditions.

scholarly journals Acceptability of the Urban Family Medicine Project among Physicians: A Cross-Sectional Study of Medical Offices, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Elham Movahed Kor ◽  
Arash Rashidian ◽  
Mostafa Hosseini ◽  
Farbod Ebadi Fard Azar ◽  
Mohammad Arab
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Urban Family ◽  
Fit Index

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> It is essential to organize private physicians in urban areas by developing urban family medicine in Iran. Acceptance of this project is currently low among physicians. The present research determined the factors affecting acceptability of the Urban Family Medicine Project among physicians working in the private sector of Mazandaran and Fars provinces in Iran.</p><p><strong>METHODS: </strong>This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in Mazandaran and Fars provinces. The target population was all physicians working in private offices in these regions. The sample size was calculated to be 860. The instrument contained 70 items that were modified in accordance with feedback from eight healthcare managers and a pilot sample of 50 physicians. Data was analyzed using the LISREL 8.80.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>The response rate was 82.21% and acceptability was almost 50% for all domains. The fit indices of the structural model were the chi-square to degree-of-freedom (2.79), normalized fit index (0.98), non-normalized fit index (0.99), comparative fit index (0.99), and root mean square error of approximation (0.05). Training facilities had no significant direct effect on acceptability; however, workload had a direct negative effect on acceptability. Other factors had direct positive effects on acceptability.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Specification of the factors relating to acceptance of the project among private physicians is required to develop the project in urban areas. It is essential to upgrade the payment system, remedy cultural barriers, decrease the workload, improve the scope of practice and working conditions, and improve collaboration between healthcare professionals.</p>

scholarly journals Differential Impacts of Caries Classification in Children and Adults: A Comparison of ICDAS and DMF-T

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Ana Melgar ◽  
Joanna Tatith Pereira ◽  
Patrícia Blaya Luz ◽  
Fernando Neves Hugo ◽  
Fernando Borba de Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Cavitated Lesions

Abstract The aim of this study was to describe and compare findings regarding the prevalence and severity of dental caries when using ICDAS and DMFT/dmft in an epidemiological study with children and their mothers. This cross-sectional study evaluated 150 preschoolers and their mothers. Data were collected with ICDAS and then transformed into DMFT/dmft. ICDAS scores related to caries were analyzed according to three different cut-off-points: CP1 (0-healthy/1-6-caries), CP2 (0-1-healthy/2-6-caries) and CP3 (0-2-healthy/3-6-caries), representing the D/d of DMFT/dmft. ICDAS codes regarding restorations, except sealants, were considered the F/f and the code 97 as the M/m of DMFT/dmft index. Prevalence of caries and its severity with ICDAS were 92%, 84% and 31.3% in children and 97.3%, 96.6% and 80% in adults according to CP1/CP2/CP3, respectively. Admitting CP3 as the standard for data transformation of ICDAS in DMFT/dmft, it was observed that DMFT/dmft index would underestimate 60% of non-cavitated lesions in children and 16.6% in adults. The DMFT/dmft underestimated the presence of disease to disregard non-cavitated lesions for the pediatric population evaluated. The choice of which is the best index for epidemiological surveys will depend on the purpose of the research and the target population: if it is to estimate the needs of the population to determine clinical care in children and adults, the DMFT/dmft may be sufficient. However, if the objective is to have a more comprehensive diagnosis of caries at the population level in order to develop preventive strategies, to halt and reverse the disease, the detection of non-cavitated-lesions becomes important, mainly in young children.

scholarly journals MERCADO DE TRABALHO DA ENFERMAGEM: ASPECTOS GERAIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (ESP) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Machado ◽  
Eliane De Oliveira ◽  
Waldirlando Lemos ◽  
Wagner Ferraz De Lacerda ◽  
Wilson Aguiar Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Complexity Analysis ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
General Aspects

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar os aspectos gerais do mercado de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem, quanto a forma que se insere nos setores estruturantes do setor da saúde, seja, público, privado, filantrópico e ensino.É um estudo transversal cuja população alvo é constituída por todos os enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem do Brasil, que possuem registro ativo no Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN). O estudo tem representatividade nacional, sendo capaz de gerar resultados para cada unidade da federação. Os resultados apontam para hegemônica empregabilidade do setor público; concentração da Força de trabalho da Enfermagem (FTEn) nos grandes centros urbanos; escassez de enfermeiros nos interiores do país; nova composição intra-categorias, entre outros. Sinalizam ainda para uma extensa jornada de trabalho, vínculos precários, rendimentos mensais aquém do básico para um trabalho decente, ou seja, subjornadas, subsalários e subempregos. Uma equipe que soma 1,8 milhão de profissionais, sendo 414 mil enfermeiros e 1,4 milhão de técnicos e auxiliares, ou seja, 65% da equipe de saúde que atua no sistema, traz uma diversidade e complexidade de análises. Os dados da pesquisa permite subsidiar a construção de políticas públicas adequadas com a realidade desse imenso contingente de trabalhadores, fundamentais para o Sistema Único de Saúde.Descritores: perfil da enfermagem, mercado de trabalho, equipe de enfermagem.The article aims to analyze the general aspects of the nursing staff labor market, as the way they operate in structuring sectors of the health sector, that is, (public, private, philanthropic and education). It is a cross-sectional study whose target population consists of all nurses, technicians and nursing assistants from Brazil, which have active registration with the Federal Nursing Council (COFEN). The study has a national presence, being able to generate results for each state. The results point to the hegemonic employment in the public sector; concentration of the Nursing Workforce (FTEn) in large urban centers; shortage of nurses in the country’s interior; intra-composition new categories. Signal yet for an extensive working hours, precarious links, monthly income below the basics for a decent job, sub journeys, sub wages and underemployment. A team that sum 1.8 million professionals, 414,000 nurses and 1.4 million technicians and assistants, namely 65% of the health team working in the system, brings a diversity and complexity analysis. The survey data may subsidize the construction of public policies adequate to the reality of the huge number of workers, essential for the Health System.Descriptors: profile of nursing, the labor market, the nursing staff.El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los aspectos generales del mercado de trabajo del personal de enfermería, ya que la forma en que operan en los sectores de estructuración del sector de la salud, es decir, (públicas, privadas, filantrópicas y la educación). Se trata de un estudio transversal cuya población objetivo consta de todas las enfermeras, técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería de Brasil, que tienen el registro activo con el Consejo Federal de Enfermería (COFEN). El estudio tiene una presencia nacional, siendo capaz de generar resultados para cada estado. Los resultados apuntan a la hegemónica de empleo en el sector público; concentración de la Fuerza Laboral de Enfermería (FTEn) en los grandes centros urbanos; escasez de enfermeras en el interior del país; intra-composición nuevas categorías. Señal sin embargo, para una extensa jornada de trabajo, vínculos precarios, ingresos mensuales por debajo de lo básico para un trabajo decente, es decir subjornadas, subsalários y subempleo. Un equipo que suma 1,8 millones profesionales, 414.000 enfermeras y 1,4 millones de técnicos y auxiliares, es decir, 65% del equipo de salud que trabajan en el sistema, trae una diversidad y complejidad de análisis. Los datos de la encuesta pueden subsidiar la construcción de políticas públicas adecuadas a la realidad de la gran cantidad de trabajadores, esenciales para el Sistema de SaludDescriptores: el perfil de la enfermería, el mercado de trabajo, el personal de enfermería.

scholarly journals Feasibility of collecting and processing of COVID-19 convalescent plasma for treatment of COVID-19 in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winters Muttamba ◽  
John Lusiba ◽  
Loryndah Olive Namakula ◽  
Pauline Byakika-Kibwika ◽  
Francis Ssali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
To Come

AbstractIntroductionEvidence that supports the use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) for treatment of COVID-19 is increasingly emerging. However, very few African countries have undertaken the collection and processing of CCP. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of collecting and processing of CCP, in preparation for a randomized clinical trial of CCP for treatment of COVID-19 in Uganda.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, persons with documented evidence of recovery from COVID-19 in Uganda were contacted and screened for blood donation via telephone calls. Those found eligible were asked to come to the blood donation centre for further screening and consent. Whole blood collection was undertaken from which plasma was processed. Plasma was tested for transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) and anti-SARS CoV-2 antibody titers. SARS-CoV-2 testing was also done on nasopharyngeal swabs from the donors.Results192 participants were contacted of whom 179 (93.2%) were eligible to donate. Of the 179 eligible, 23 (12.8%) were not willing to donate and reasons given included: having no time 7(30.4%), fear of being retained at the COVID-19 treatment center 10 (43.5%), fear of stigma in the community 1 (4.3%), phobia for donating blood 1 (4.3%), religious issues 1 (4.4%), lack of interest 2 (8.7%) and transport challenges 1 (4.3%). The median age was 30 years and females accounted for 3.7% of the donors. A total of 30 (18.5%) donors tested positive for different TTIs. Antibody titer testing demonstrated titers of more than 1:320 for all the 72 samples tested. Age greater than 46 years and female gender were associated with higher titers though not statistically significant.ConclusionCCP collection and processing is possible in Uganda. However, concerns about stigma and lack of time, interest or transport need to be addressed in order to maximize donations.

scholarly journals Parenting skills affect child behaviors in a selected area of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarder Mahmud Hossain ◽  
Sazia Huq ◽  
Biswas Adhikari ◽  
Sumaiya Zabin Eusuf Zai ◽  
Syed Mohammad Tanjilul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acting Out ◽  
Parenting Skills ◽  
Child Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Parenting Skill ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Come

Acting out, or misbehavior, is often associated with ineffective parenting. It negatively affects children across socio-economic backgrounds. While ineffective parenting might not solely be the blame for negative behaviors in children, parenting contributes significantly to children's behavioral outcomes. Till now there is lack of data regarding child behavior affected by parenting skill in Nepal. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of parenting skill on children behavior. In this descriptive type of cross-sectional study 369 respondents were selected by purposive sampling in some selected areas of Nepal. The mean age of the respondents was 36.14±6.69 years with 92.7% female and of them 92.1% were married. Out of 184 respondents, 45.1% gave proper childcare/love/sufficient time to children. Among the respondents 68% had spent quality time with their children very frequently. Statistically an association was found between parenting skill (quality time with children) and different behavior of children. Rearing children always needs good parenting skills which help to change the future of the nation by pro-ducing skilled, well behaved, intelligent citizens in the days to come. As such awareness about parenting skill should be made generalized and easily accessible to all eligible couples in the country.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.5(1) 2015: 44-48

scholarly journals Fetal Abdominal Circumference Growth in Bangladeshi Population

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Q Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Polynomial Regression Models ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Objective: Fetal abdominal circumference is the single most important parameter for determining fetal growth. Determination of fetal growth abnormalities will be more accurate if we use tables prepared on our own population. A nomogram of fetal abdominal circumference in Bangladeshi population is therefore presented in this study. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on well dated, singleton pregnancies. A table and a graph were prepared after fitting Polynomial regression models. Results: Fetal charts were constructed from1223 subjects. 3rd, 10th, 50th, 90th and 97th percentiles, mean and standard deviations were derived. The models showed good fit to the data. There was a gradual increase of the abdominal circumference measurements up to 37th week. Standard deviations showed increased variability as the pregnancy advanced. In the early second trimester Bangladeshi, Indian, and western measurements were similar but as pregnancy advanced there was variation between different races especially from the western. Conclusion: These findings suggest that this chart is unique for Bangladeshi population and can be useful for accurate assessment of fetal growth, especially in the 3rd trimester.Key words: abdominal circumference, fetal growth, Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v26i3.4195 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2008; 26: 124-127

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