scholarly journals Stability and Adaptation of New Tobacco Varieties to Three Growing Areas under Rain Fed Conditions in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justify Gotami Shava
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Stable Variety ◽  
Study Results ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Yields

Background: Variety development is a continuous process that caters for the ever changing farmer crop growing conditions. Changing climatic conditions, soil fertility conditions, crop disease and pest regimes as well as farmer agronomic practices require that new varieties adapted to new practices be availed to growers so that they continue to get high yields. Initial variety development processes are carried out by the breeder, usually on station and usually involves aggregation of traits of interest into a genotype with little or no information about the response of the genotype to different farmer cropping situations. However, before the varieties can be recommended to growers, they need to be evaluated in multi-environment trials (MET) in order to identify varieties with broad adaptation for general recommendation and those with specific adaptation for targeted environment production. Methods: In order to evaluate the adaptation and stability of newly developed tobacco varieties to three growing locations in Zimbabwe, seven varieties were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with three replicates at Kutsaga Research Station near Harare, Trelawney and Tengwe over three seasons ranging from 2013 to 2015. Result: The study results showed significant differences among the varieties and locations tested for saleable yield (P less than 0.05). Of all the varieties tested, T76 was the most stable showing consistently high performance across the seasons and locations tested followed by T75. However, ETH03 was the least stable variety of them all. Unlike what is currently believed in the tobacco industry in Zimbabwe, the variety K RK26 is no longer the most broadly adapted. Based on the study results, the varieties, T76, T75 and ETH06 are stable and, therefore, recommended for growing across the whole of the tobacco farming belt in Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals Prospects of practical use of new potatoes state varietal resources in the north-east Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Kozhushko ◽  
M.M. Sakhoshko ◽  
M.G. Bashtovyi ◽  
D.V. Smilyk ◽  
V.I. Avramenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions

According to statistic evaluation of the manifestation of signs of the economic suitability of state sort resources of 2019 registration potatoes when growing it in different agro-climatic conditions, a significant advantage of influence of the forest-steppe conditions was determined. Compared to Polesia the increase of yield rose for 4.1 t/ha or 18 % (НІР05 = 2.18, Ffact= 12.65 > F05 = 4.22) and the amount of trade potato for 22.72 ha or 20 % (Ffact = 58.87). There is also a tendency to increase the number of starch from unit of area for – 17 % and the total consumer properties for – 8 %.  However, there is a significant difference in the reduction of storability of products by 45 % and the lack of it’s resistance to macrosporiosis and late blight. It was proved that the yield of varieties for cultivation in the polesia zone by 25.7 % depended on the duration of the growing season (Ffact = 4.14 > F05  = 0.06). The relationship between yield and starch of potatoes in Polesia zone varieties  was determined – 23.6 % and in forest-steppe – 17.3 % and starch collection, respectively, 33.6 % and 28.0 %. The dependence of storability of potato which grew in the polesia zone and in forest-steppe from the amount of starch for 15 % was mathematically proved (Ffact = 2.11 > F05 = 0.17) і 11.3 % (Ffact = 1.52 > F05 = 0.24); the dependence of storability on the duration of the growing season in the Forest-Steppe conditions was confirmed(Ffact = 0.66 > F05  = 0.43). In addition, the 12 % of tasting grade of the Forest-Steppe varieties depended on the starch content amount (Ffact = 1.65 > F05 = 0.22). According to the results of the regression analysis, mathematical models have been developed to predict yields, culinary and consumer properties, and the storability of new potato varieties under different growing conditions. The project of a conveyor for the consumption of fresh product in summer  period with the involvement of varieties of early ripeness in the Forest-Steppe was presented: 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Medison, Paroli, 95 days after planting – Bazalia, Bernina, 100 days after planting – Donata, in the Polesia zone ‒ 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Paroli, 95 days after planting –Bazalia, 100 days after planting – Medison, Bernina, Donata. By distribution of varieties by predicted high content of phytonutrients there were bred varieties with red skin and creamy flesh – Bazalia and Sanibel, by high content with yellow flesh – Baltic Rosa and moderate content with white flesh – Oleksandrit, Fotynia, Ricarda. Introduction of new varieties with certain high adaptive potential of storability and content of bioactive compounds in potatoes will provide growth of potato production in the conditions of the northeast forest-steppe and increase its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets and will solve the problem of year-round consumption of fresh quality products.

scholarly journals Study on Population Changes of Important Sucking – Pests (Aphis Gossypii (Glov.) and Bemisia Tabaci (G.) in the New Varieties Second Plant (After Canola) in the Golestan Province of Iran.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojeni Taghi Darvish ◽  
Mohammadreza Zangi
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Lint Percentage ◽  
Cotton Pests ◽  
The North ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Golestan Province ◽  
New Varieties

Abstract Investigating the population dynamic of important cotton pests on new cotton varieties is important. Cotton cultivars have important pests such as thrips, aphids, whitefly and bollworm. Considering the premature cultivars with proper yield for second cultivation in cotton-growing Golestan province at the north of Iran, this study seems necessary. This genotypes was cultivated with 9 treatments in 4 replicates. A completely randomized block design was carried out in Hashem Abad research station in a spray-free plot with the dimensions of 30 × 80 cm in 2018-2019 years. According to the results of this study, analysis of variance of two years showed that the yield of N2G80 with 1538 g in the plot with 41.7% lint percentage had the highest yield, and M13 with 685 g in the plot and 35.8% lint percentage in the lowest yield they had.The infestation rate of the genotypes tested in the population of green aphid of cotton in K880-2 and Golestan® cultivars was 48.88 and 40.31 in aphid with the highest density, and the SKT-133 and TBL-60 genotype respectively with 27.15 and 29.11 aphids per leaf had the least infestation. The amount of infestation of the genotypes tested to the population of whitefly cotton on the N2G80 and TBL-60 genotype was 90.76 and 68.86 whitefly in the leaf with the highest infestation and N2G80 and TBL-60 genotype respectively with 40.05 and 75.51 white fly in leaf were the least infested. Correlation coefficient between traits was equal to 0.55. The number of bolls per plant was not correlated with other traits including boll weight, lint percentage, aphid and white fly.

scholarly journals ADMINISTRATIVE ACCOUNTING OF BEET GROWING PRODUCTS IN CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 156-171
Author(s):  
Kateryna BURKO
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Production Development ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Further Development

The article provides a brief analysis of the current state of beet growing in Ukraine. It was determined that one of the areas of revival, formation and further development of sugar beet farming is to ensure the rapid application of innovative developments. The introduction of new domestic high-performance hybrids contributes to obtaining high yields of sugar beet and bringing Ukraine to a new level of production and sale of sugar. It is established that the introduction of management accounting in research institutions is aimed at solving a number of tasks that are associated with their influence on the level of production and increasing the economic efficiency of the implementation of research and development results in beet growing. It is proposed to systematize the objects of management accounting in sugar beet production by fields of activity and by stages of work. The necessity of distinguishing in the management accounting of such objects as: new varieties and hybrids of sugar beet; new means of mechanizing the cultivation of sugar beet; new fertilizers and means of combating diseases and pests.

scholarly journals Perspective sample of root chicory

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-161
Author(s):  
O. M. Vyutnova ◽  
T. Yu. Polyanina ◽  
I. A. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Root Crop ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yields ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance. One of the types of agricultural raw materials for the food industry is the root chicory, the product from the roots of which is produced in pure form, as well as is an important component in the production of tea and coffee drinks, confectionery. Its value is determined by the content in the roots of inulin, fructose, intibin and chicory. Despite the great economic importance and economic profitability of chicory cultivation, in recent years, the local processing industry is not provided with this type of raw material and is forced to buy the product from dried root crops in other countries, such as Ukraine, Italy and India. Modern agricultural production is in dire need of new varieties of root chicory, combining high yields and chemical and technological qualities, having the form of a root crop suitable for mechanized harvesting, and adapted to cultivation in soil and climatic conditions of the Non-chernozem zone. Purpose of work: to assess the nature of the impact of ultraviolet radiation in the time mode on watermelon seeds using cytogenetic analysis.Material and methods. The article describes the results of the test in the control nursery of a new sample of chicory root with 0428 selection of Rostov OSC.Results. As a result of breeding work, a promising sample of root chicory. It was isolated early maturing, with high yields and economically valuable properties, root crop truncated, suitable for mechanized harvesting by commercially available machines. 

scholarly journals Perspective sample of root chicory

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-161
Author(s):  
O. M. Vyutnova ◽  
T. Yu. Polyanina ◽  
I. A. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Root Crop ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yields ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance. One of the types of agricultural raw materials for the food industry is the root chicory, the product from the roots of which is produced in pure form, as well as is an important component in the production of tea and coffee drinks, confectionery. Its value is determined by the content in the roots of inulin, fructose, intibin and chicory. Despite the great economic importance and economic profitability of chicory cultivation, in recent years, the local processing industry is not provided with this type of raw material and is forced to buy the product from dried root crops in other countries, such as Ukraine, Italy and India. Modern agricultural production is in dire need of new varieties of root chicory, combining high yields and chemical and technological qualities, having the form of a root crop suitable for mechanized harvesting, and adapted to cultivation in soil and climatic conditions of the Non-chernozem zone. Purpose of work: to assess the nature of the impact of ultraviolet radiation in the time mode on watermelon seeds using cytogenetic analysis.Material and methods. The article describes the results of the test in the control nursery of a new sample of chicory root with 0428 selection of Rostov OSC.Results. As a result of breeding work, a promising sample of root chicory. It was isolated early maturing, with high yields and economically valuable properties, root crop truncated, suitable for mechanized harvesting by commercially available machines. 

PRODUÇÃO DE AÇÚCARES NO CALDO DE SORGO SACARINO AVALIADO EM DUAS ÉPOCAS DE CORTE

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
VANESSA APARECIDA PEREIRA BATISTA ◽  
VANUCCI ZILDA PEREIRA BATISTA ◽  
LEONARDO DUARTE PIMENTEL ◽  
ANGÉLICA FÁTIMA DE BARROS ◽  
TIAGO DA SILVA MOREIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Industrial Performance ◽  
Solids Content

RESUMO - Objetivou-se avaliar a produção quantitativa e qualitativa dos açúcares produzidos no caldo de sorgo sacarino, em duas épocas de corte. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com 6 repetições, em parcelas subdivididas no tempo, avaliando três cultivares de sorgo sacarino (BD 5404, BRS 511 e BD1615). Ao final de cada ciclo, foram avaliados produtividade de colmos, taxa de extração, teor de sólidos solúveis (ºBrix) e os açúcares totais (sacarose, glicose e frutose) presentes no caldo, sendo estes quantificados em cromatografia líquida de alta precisão (HPLC). Verificou-se que as cultivares apresentaram a maior produtividade de colmos na safra em comparação com a rebrota, sendo 64,50 e 9,23 t ha-1, respectivamente. A taxa de extração do caldo foi menor na rebrota. O teor de açúcares totais presente no caldo não diferiu entre as duas safras, apresentando média de 94 g L-1. O ºBrix diferiu tanto entre as cultivares como entre as safras. Apenas a cultivar BRS 511 apresentou a mesma proporção de açúcares presentes no caldo, nas duas safras, com maior teor de sacarose produzido. Conclui-se que as condições climáticas afetam os caracteres agronômicos e industriais do sorgo sacarino. A cultivar BRS 511 apresentou o melhor desempenho agronômico e industrial visando à produção de etanol. A quantidade de açúcares produzidos não variou em função do ciclo, mas a qualidade dos açúcares (sacarose, glicose e frutose) variou de acordo com a cultivar.Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, produtividade, açúcares fermentescíveis, HPLC. SUGARS PRODUCTION IN SWEET SORGHUM BROTH IN TWO CUTTING TIMES  ABSTRACT - The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative production of sugars in sorghum broth at two cutting times. A randomized complete block design with six replications was used in plot subdivided in time evaluating three cultivars of sorghum saccharine (BD 5404, BRS 511 and BD1615). At the end of each cycle, shoot yield, extraction rate, soluble solids content (ºBrix) and total sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) present in the broth were evaluated, and these were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cultivars showed higher productivity of shoots in the crop compared to regrowth, with 64.50 and 9.23 t ha-1, respectively. The broth extraction rate was lower at regrowth. The total sugars content in the broth did not differ between the two harvests, with an average of 94 g L-1. Brix differed between cultivars and between crop seasons. Only the cultivar BRS 511 presented the same proportion of sugars in the broth, in the two harvests, with higher content of sucrose. As conclusion, the climatic conditions affected the agronomic and industrial characteristics of sorghum saccharine; the cultivar BRS 511 presented the best agronomic and industrial performance regarding ethanol production; the amount of sugars produced did not change with the different cycles and the quality of sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) varied among cultivars.Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, productivity, fermentable sugars, HPLC.

Seasonal Variation in the Area of Wuliangsuhai Wetland

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1963-1967
Author(s):  
Rui Hong Yu ◽  
Ting Xi Liu ◽  
Zhi Jie Li ◽  
Meng He Shang
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Open Water Area ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Water Plants ◽  
Inner Mongolia Plateau

Wuliangsuhai wetland located in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) is selected as the study area to analyze the wetland seasonal variation of Inner Mongolia plateau. According to the growing conditions of water plants and the differences of water depth, the Wuliangsuhai wetland is divided into six typical areas, i.e. open water area, dense water weed area, reed area, swamp area, shallow water area and artificial reed area. The evolution trends and reasons of the six typical areas in terms of the seasonal variation of wetland characteristics are analyzed by using the Landsat TM/ETM data, the historical data and in-situ survey data. The purpose of the study is to find out the eutrophication control theory and technique measurements in the year. Due to the similar geographical and climatic conditions, the study results of Wuliangsuhai wetland can be expanded to other wetlands of Inner Mongolia plateau.

scholarly journals Increase in pea productivity associated with irrigation management

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldir F Santos ◽  
Fernando F Cunha ◽  
Tiago L Taira ◽  
Epitácio J Souza ◽  
Aguinaldo JF Leal
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Green Pea ◽  
Great Genetic Diversity ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

ABSTRACT Proper irrigation management is crucial to obtain high yields of pea, since its cultivation is recommended in cold and dry seasons. Taking into account the great genetic diversity, we considered necessary to evaluate cultivars which best adapt to the intrinsic conditions of Cerrado Region, as it presents low fertility soil, long dry period in the winter, drought periods (veranicos) in rainy season, mainly in January and February (summer). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate adaptability of green-pea cultivars under different irrigation depths in Northeast Region of state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The experiment was installed in a split plot scheme, with four irrigation depths [50, 75, 100 and 125% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)] and at subplots, four pea cultivars (Forró, Frevo, Pagode and Samba) in a randomized block design with three replications. Pod length, number and mass of grains per pod, number of pods per plant, plant length, productivity and efficiency of water use were evaluated. Excess water supply (water stress) or shortage (water deficit) can cause decrease in the productivity of pea crop for green grains, considering replacement of 114.81% of Etc, the most recommended for the crop. Cultivar Forró, showed the best productive performance in relation to other cultivars, in the climatic conditions of Southern Cerrado (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil).

scholarly journals Innovative trends in breeding disease resistant rice varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02029
Author(s):  
Grigory Zelensky ◽  
Elena Dubina ◽  
Maxim Ladatko ◽  
Olga Zelenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Marker Selection ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
World Agriculture ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Selection Of

Rice has become widespread in world agriculture due to its high adaptation to growing conditions and the selection of many different types of varieties. The creation of new varieties of rice in Russia has been carried out using the methods of complex multistage hybridization and marker selection with close cooperation of breeders and biotechnologists. The result of this work is a mid-season variety Utyos that combines high yields with resistance to blast, the main fungal disease of rice that affects leaves, stems and panicles of the plant. The late-ripening rice variety IR-36, which has complex resistance to fungal and bacterial diseases and viruses, was used as a donor. Variety Utyos was created by selecting an elite plant from the F2 BC4 Flagship / IR-36 population, with repeated selection and verification by offspring. Starting from the first backcrossing, marker control was carried out for the presence of transferred donor alleles in the hybrid offspring. In parallel, phytopathological control was carried out against an infectious background. In 2019, in environmental tests, Utyos formed the maximum grain yield of 11.95 t / ha with winter wheat as the predecessor. At the same time, the variety showed high resistance to blast.

scholarly journals Productivity of soybean varieties in the conditions of Podillia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
I. V. Fedoruk ◽  
◽  
O.N. Bakhmat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Color Control ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
High Yields

Based on the analysis of literary sources and publications, the features of soybean varieties for cultivation in Podillia were studied. The key directions of increasing the productivity of soybean varieties are considered. Advantages are given and substantiated, and the main disadvantages and problems of growing soybean varieties in Podillia conditions are indicated The features of soybean varieties, the influence of the inoculation process and the efficiency of micronutrient fertilization have been investigated, which made it possible to develop methods of growing technology taking into account plant biology on changes in climatic conditions. The growth processes and development of soybean varieties have been investigated: Maxus, Cordoba, Saska, depending on the treatment of seeds with an insecticidal-fungicidal preparation Standak Top, inoculant Hai Kot Super Hai Kot Super Extender and seed treatment with micronutrient fertilizer Como 15, as well as foliar dressing with micronutrient fertilizers Vuksal Boron and Bospholiar during the growing season of plants. Having carried out research on various groups of ripeness from such varieties of soybeans as Maxus, Cordoba, Saska, positive results were obtained on the yield from the introduction of micronutrient fertilizers, inoculants, treatment of the inoculum of soybean seeds with an inoculant and a microelement, the preparation Vuxal Como 15. And also from the treatment of seeds with the preparation Standak Top 1 l t, which in turn prevents the development of such diseases as fusarium, anthracnose, seed mold, promotes rooting of plants in the soil due to the accelerated development of the root system, an increase in the assimilation surface of the leaf apparatus, promotes the activation of nitroreductase, which in turn activates the work processes of photosynthesis, manifested in the so-called AgCelence effect, plants have an intensely saturated dark green color, control of soil pests. Carrying out experiments on the effect of seed inoculation on soybean yield, we combined an inoculant, VuksalKoMo preparation and Sdandak Top insecticidal fungicide preparation with a sowing period of up to 5-7 days in a tank mixture. One of the main requirements is the use of high-quality inoculants with a high content of viable nitrogen-fixing bacteria for processing soybean seeds, today there is a need, since it fully reveals and realizes the genetic and varietal potential of modern varieties, and this, in turn, will ensure high yields soybeans with optimal costs and the fastest return on investment, especially in today's conditions. In the study results, new technological aspects are presented, in which the processes of analysis and hardening of micro-manure and infectious-fungicidal preparation in the technological development and quality improvement of the production process are revealed. It should also take into account the relative humidity and reserves of productive soil moisture. The research results are aimed at solving urgent problems in the technology of growing leguminous crops, namely: developing a version of the technology for growing soybeans for the selection of varieties adapted to a given climatic zone, the use of inoculants and micronutrients in the conditions of climate change in Podillia.

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