scholarly journals Assessment of Breakfast Consumption on Nutritional Adequacy among School-going Children in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataraj A. Durgannavar ◽  
D. Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Private School ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Government School ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Breakfast Skipping

Background: Children of school going age constitute a highly vulnerable and important group. During their growing period, all the nutrients should be included in their diet. Breakfast provides important nutrients for growing children. Skipping breakfast among school children is erratic. Therefore, the study was undertaken to assess the role of breakfast consumption affecting nutritional adequacy among schoolchildren. Methods: During the period 2015-2016, total of 200 school children in the age group of 10-12 years studying in government and private schools of North Bengaluru, Karnataka were selected through random sampling techniques. The breakfast consumption pattern was assessed using questionnaire. Dietary intake in terms of food and nutrients was assessed through 24 hours recall method. To measure adequacy of nutrient consumption, the obtained data was compared with recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for specific age group. Result: Gender wise segregation revealed that 109 were boys (54.5%) and 91 were girls (45.5%). The breakfast skipping was found more in the children of government school compared to private school (73% vs. 37%). When compared with the breakfast consumers, skippers had lower mean intake of all the nutrients studied. Similar results were observed among girls as in boys. The study provided new information on specific meal pattern i.e., breakfast that may be potential determinant of dietary adequacy and dietary quality.

scholarly journals Breakfast trends in children and adolescents: frequency and quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1795-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Alexy ◽  
Meike Wicher ◽  
Mathilde Kersting
Keyword(s):  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Time Trend ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mixed Linear Models ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Common Behaviour

AbstractObjectiveAlthough breakfast is important for obesity prevention and dietary quality, breakfast skipping is a common behaviour. Knowledge of changes in breakfast habits may provide potential behaviour targets for intervention programmes. The present study describes the actual data on trends in breakfast habits and composition.DesignA total of 7800 3 d dietary records of 1081 participants aged 2–18 years collected between 1986 and 2007 in the DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed) Study were analysed using mixed linear models.ResultsBreakfast was eaten at 78 % of all record days; regular breakfast (breakfast was eaten on all three recorded weekdays) was eaten in 75 % of records. During the study period, the number of records with regular breakfast decreased significantly in 6–12- and 13–18-year-olds (P= 0·0084 and 0·0350, respectively). Of all breakfast meals, 62 % were bread meals and 21 % were ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) meals. RTEC meals nearly doubled from the youngest to the oldest age group (P< 0·0001). During the study period, the percentage of bread meals decreased, whereas the percentage of RTEC meals increased (P< 0·0001). A higher percentage of RTEC meals than the bread meals was in accordance with the food-based guidelines (36 %v. 20 %,P< 0·0001), i.e. a breakfast including grain, dairy and fruit/vegetables.ConclusionsIn the DONALD Study sample, a negative age and time trend in breakfast consumption was verified. Interventions regarding breakfast habits should be aimed at adolescents and should focus on fruit/vegetables.

scholarly journals A systematic review of interventions to increase breakfast consumption: a socio-cognitive perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jessica A Harris ◽  
Julia E Carins ◽  
Sharyn Rundle-Thiele
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Breakfast Eating ◽  
Theory Use

Abstract Objective: Regular breakfast skipping is related to unhealthy dietary behaviours, such as consuming an overall poorer quality diet and lower rates of physical activity, both of which are linked to a higher BMI. Adolescent breakfast skippers struggle with mental focus, sleep issues and lower grades. Solutions that can be implemented to overcome breakfast skipping are needed. Design: A systematic literature review was undertaken to identify programmes that aimed to increase breakfast eating. Following the PRISMA framework, studies were sourced to examine details of behaviour change, evidence of theory use and other important programme learnings and outcomes. Setting: Breakfast consumption empirical studies published from 2000 onwards. Participants: Nineteen empirical studies that aimed to improve breakfast eating behaviour. Results: Out of the nineteen studies examined, ten studies reported an increase in breakfast consumption frequency for the entire study group or subgroups. Seven studies found no change, one was inconclusive and one observed a decrease in breakfast frequency. Positive changes to the dietary quality of breakfast were observed in five of the studies that did not observe increased frequency of breakfast consumption. Only six studies reported using theory in the intervention. Conclusions: This evidence review points needed to extend theory application to establish a reliable evidence base that can be followed by practitioners seeking to increase breakfast eating rates in their target population.

MATHEMATICAL ABILITIES AMONG CLASS–III CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
K.Narayana Reddy ◽  
J. Nagalaxmi
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Private School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Government School ◽  
Mathematical Abilities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Made In

An attempt was made in the present investigation Mathematical Abilities among Class-III Students. OBJECTIVES: To study the differences between boys and girls on mathematical abilities of class –III students and to examine the differences between government and private school children on mathematical abilities of class-III students. SAMPLE: The sample of the study consists of 120class-III children were purposefully selected form primary schools of Rangareddy district of Andhra Pradesh. Tool: Mathematical abilities test was developed by the researcher. CONCLUSION: There is no signicant difference in their mathematical abilities including all areas. Private school children are high level of mathematical abilities in areas of subtraction, division, basic geometry than government school children. There is no signicant difference in their mathematical abilities in areas of addition and multiplication

scholarly journals Family Factors and Academic Achievement: A Comparative Study of Residential School Children and Rural Government School Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
S. Ashwini Kumari ◽  
Saritha Devi ◽  
K. Mayuri
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
School Children ◽  
Residential Schools ◽  
Residential School ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Government School ◽  
Rural Government ◽  
Parental Contribution

<div><p>The study compares the effects of family factors contributing to the High Academic Achievement of Private Residential School Children and Rural Government School Children. Children studying in selected private residential schools and rural government schools in IX and X classes with highest ranks (first 3-4 ranks) in the previous year were selected. Total sample comprised 240 children, 120 from each setting, 60 from IX class and 60 from X class. An Interview schedule was developed by the investigator for the children to know their perceptions about family contributing factors. The study concluded that children of Private Residential Schools and Rural Government Schools were average and similar in their perceptions regarding parental contributions for their Academic Achievement. High Parental Aspirations Expectations helped in high achievement in both groups but comparatively high in Private Residential School children. Whereas contribution of Siblings Relationship and Assistance of others was high in Rural Government School children and average in Private Residential School children. Coming to the gender and age variations in family contributing factors, there was significantly high parental contributions for Academic Achievement of boys than girls in private Residential schools and higher age group children of Rural Government schools have significantly more parental contribution for their Academic Achievement than lower age group children. Achievement in English was highly positively correlated with family’s Economic status in Private Residential schools. There was significant positive correlation between achievement in mathematics and parental contribution, achievement in science and Parental Aspirations in Rural Government School children.</p></div>

scholarly journals RELEVANCE OF MID ARM CIRCUMFERENCE AS AN ANTHROPOMETRIC TOOL IN ADOLESCENTS.

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Subha Sankar Dutta ◽  
Arunabha Tapadar ◽  
Kana Bal
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Lateral Epicondyle ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Paediatric Age

The mid arm circumference (MAC) is an anthropometric tool for measurement of nutritional adequacy and growth in the “under five’ paediatric age group. However in adolescent children it is important in rapid and mass surveys. The MAC was measured in 130 healthy school children (84 boys and 46 girls) of 12 – 14 years age of M.G.M’s Sanskar Vidyalaya, N-4 Cidco, Aurangabad using the girth of the arm at the midpoint between the acromial process of the scapula and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. The study aims to measure the MAC in an adolescent population and compare them with data from previous studies in an attempt to formulate a “normal” range for comparison with similar studies. In the present study, the MAC for 12 year old children varies from 18.81- 20.7cm, for 13 year old children from 20.4- 20.82cm and 14 year old children from 21.12- 21.97cm.The present study gives us a range of ~ 19 – 22cm as the range of MAC in adolescent boys and girls. In spite of several studies on the MAC in adolescents, no consensus has been reached regarding the cut off points for determining under nutrition and overweight. Further studies are required to publish the normal cut off ranges of MAC for the adolescent population of our country.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nutritional Status of School Children in Public and Private Sector Schools by Anthropometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Qamar Mehboob ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Private School ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government School

Background: Nutrition is the real determinant of human health. The development of children into healthy adults is dependent on their growth, in a healthy environment and having balanced nutrition. Objective: (1) To determine the association of nutritional status of children with their age, sex and socioeconomic status. (2) To compare the nutritional status of government school children and private school children. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional. Settings: Study was conducted in two schools of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Government Girls high school, Punjab Medical College (PMC), Colony Faisalabad and The Smart School, Faisalabad. Duration: Eight months from Jan 01, 2020 – Aug 30, 2020. Methodology: The study was conducted on 200 children, including males & females, to compare weights and heights among government (government) and private (private) schools. Age groups ranging from 9 above to 14 years were being studied. The data was collected by taking anthropometric measures, height and weight, of the students. To assess the nutritional status, the anthropometric measurement of WHO 2007 reference was used as Weight for Age Z-score (WAZ), Height for Age Z-score (HAZ) and Body Mass Index (BMI) for Age Z-score (BAZ). Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation test were used for statistical analysis. Data was analyzed statistically by using SPSS version 20. Results: The weight of private school children (39.3400 ± 2.39199) was normal as they have adequate diet as compared to government school children (38.7500 ± 1.43812) while 2% children were over weighted. Height of private school children (147.7600 ± 5.04949) was more as compared to government school children (146.8100 ± 4.34310). Statistically Pearson Correlation between weight of private and government school’s children was highly significant, p=0.000, df= 1, CI= 95%. Demographic information with height and weight of the children were taken. Z-score was calculated and graphs were plotted. A value within ± 2 SD in these graphs was considered as normal. Conclusion: Socio-economic status affects the availability and quality of food. For under-weight Children, unhygienic and low-quality food/stuffs are the major contributing factors.

scholarly journals Enteric Parasitic Infections among School Children at Rupandehi, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Rita Khanal ◽  
Sweety Upadhaya ◽  
Pramila Lamichhane ◽  
Subash Lal Karn ◽  
Sandeep Pokhrel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Government School ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis

INTRODUCTION: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), are the common intestinal parasites among school age children in Nepal. Periodic epidemiological studies and transmission dynamics in parasitic infections will provide accurate understanding. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among primary school children at Rupandehi district Nepal.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a school based cross-sectional descriptive study including 217 students studying at primary level in two Government School in Rupandehi. The demographic data and anthropometric data was collected. Routine Stool examination was done and concentration techniques were used for maximum recovery of parasites.RESULTS: The prevalence of parasitic infection was 60% (130/217). Statistically significant association was found between parasitic infection and source of drinking water (p<0.05) A. lumbricoides was most common followed by Taenia spp, Hymenolepsis nana and others. Parasitic infection was highest 70% (21/30) in age group 13-15 years and lowest i.e. 38.1% (8/21) in age group 4-6 years. The mean height and weight of children was found to be 1.28 m and 26.5 kg respectively. Among total children 90.8% (197/217) of the children were malnourished (BMI<18.5 kg/m2) and among infected children 90% (117/130) were malnourished.CONCLUSION: The intestinal parasitosis was found comparatively higher in school children in this region. Higher rate of infection was found in malnourished children.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol.04 No.02 Issue 14, page: 30-34

An Audit of Mental Health: A Comparative Study of Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riti Das Dhankar ◽  
Dr Asha Hingar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
School Children ◽  
Private School ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Government School ◽  
Good Mental Health ◽  
Significant Difference

Mental health is an integral and essential component of health. The WHO constitution states: “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” Today, it is recognized that good mental health is not just the absence of mental illness. Nor is it absolute – some people are more mentally healthy than others, whether you are mentally ill or not. In order to determine the mental health of adolescent school going children, government and private schools from the domain of Jaipur city were taken. A sample of total of 300 adolescents consisting of 150 government school adolescents and 150 private school adolescents were taken. The test used was Mental Health Battery (MHI) (Verma, J. and Srivastava, A.K. 1996). It was found that in all the dimensions of mental health, no significant difference was found for government and private school children. It is a matter of concern for all the parents, teachers and society as a whole that both the groups are poor on a mental health scale.

scholarly journals Health profile of school children of two schools in Palghar district, western Maharashtra, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4746
Author(s):  
Meena Kakeri ◽  
Prashant V. Howal ◽  
Yasmeen F. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Private School ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government School ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Complete Health

Background: Healthy childhood is basis for healthy and productive adult life. Mortality in school age children is low but morbidity and physical defects constitute major problems. With this background the present comparative study was conducted to explore the nutritional and morbidity patterns among government run primary school children and private school children in Palghar district, Maharashtra.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during March 2018 in both government school and other private school. Total 400 children studying in class 1 to 4 were included. A pre-designed and pretested questionnaire was used during the interview and clinical examination was carried out to study nutritional status and morbidity pattern among the school children.Results: Out of 400 children, 61 (15.25%) were underweight, 82 (20.5%) were stunted, and 8 (2.0%) were obese. Dental caries was commonest morbidity (55.25%). Two study subjects (1.0%) had suspect cardiac problems.Conclusions: Under-nutrition and morbidities are prevalent in present study. Periodic complete health evaluation should be planned for early diagnosis of nutritional and morbid health problems. 

scholarly journals Patterns of physical activity among government and private school children in coastal Karnataka

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 4049
Author(s):  
Gunjan Mahaur ◽  
Sanjeev Badiger
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
School Children ◽  
Private School ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government School ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Background: Higher level of physical activity is associated with low mortality rates for both adults and children. Those who are moderately active on a regular basis have lower mortality rates than those who are least active.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in private and government schools of Mangalore city from October 2015 to July 2017, study population was between 13 and 15 years adolescents. Sample size of 1000 was been obtained by using Proportional probability sampling. A pretested validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Data entry was done in Microsoft Excel and data analysis was done in SPSS version 22.Results: Out of 1000 students, 130 was from government school and 870 from private schools. Physical activity level among government school children was found to be more than private school children (p<0.005). Government school children had more number of underweight students (70%) compared to private school children (37.5%).Conclusions: This study showed that more research is necessary to evaluate intermediate factors and to determine which interventions are likely to be most effective to prevent childhood and adolescent obesity.

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