scholarly journals A systematic review of interventions to increase breakfast consumption: a socio-cognitive perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jessica A Harris ◽  
Julia E Carins ◽  
Sharyn Rundle-Thiele
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Breakfast Eating ◽  
Theory Use

Abstract Objective: Regular breakfast skipping is related to unhealthy dietary behaviours, such as consuming an overall poorer quality diet and lower rates of physical activity, both of which are linked to a higher BMI. Adolescent breakfast skippers struggle with mental focus, sleep issues and lower grades. Solutions that can be implemented to overcome breakfast skipping are needed. Design: A systematic literature review was undertaken to identify programmes that aimed to increase breakfast eating. Following the PRISMA framework, studies were sourced to examine details of behaviour change, evidence of theory use and other important programme learnings and outcomes. Setting: Breakfast consumption empirical studies published from 2000 onwards. Participants: Nineteen empirical studies that aimed to improve breakfast eating behaviour. Results: Out of the nineteen studies examined, ten studies reported an increase in breakfast consumption frequency for the entire study group or subgroups. Seven studies found no change, one was inconclusive and one observed a decrease in breakfast frequency. Positive changes to the dietary quality of breakfast were observed in five of the studies that did not observe increased frequency of breakfast consumption. Only six studies reported using theory in the intervention. Conclusions: This evidence review points needed to extend theory application to establish a reliable evidence base that can be followed by practitioners seeking to increase breakfast eating rates in their target population.

scholarly journals Breakfast trends in children and adolescents: frequency and quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1795-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Alexy ◽  
Meike Wicher ◽  
Mathilde Kersting
Keyword(s):  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Time Trend ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mixed Linear Models ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Common Behaviour

AbstractObjectiveAlthough breakfast is important for obesity prevention and dietary quality, breakfast skipping is a common behaviour. Knowledge of changes in breakfast habits may provide potential behaviour targets for intervention programmes. The present study describes the actual data on trends in breakfast habits and composition.DesignA total of 7800 3 d dietary records of 1081 participants aged 2–18 years collected between 1986 and 2007 in the DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed) Study were analysed using mixed linear models.ResultsBreakfast was eaten at 78 % of all record days; regular breakfast (breakfast was eaten on all three recorded weekdays) was eaten in 75 % of records. During the study period, the number of records with regular breakfast decreased significantly in 6–12- and 13–18-year-olds (P= 0·0084 and 0·0350, respectively). Of all breakfast meals, 62 % were bread meals and 21 % were ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) meals. RTEC meals nearly doubled from the youngest to the oldest age group (P< 0·0001). During the study period, the percentage of bread meals decreased, whereas the percentage of RTEC meals increased (P< 0·0001). A higher percentage of RTEC meals than the bread meals was in accordance with the food-based guidelines (36 %v. 20 %,P< 0·0001), i.e. a breakfast including grain, dairy and fruit/vegetables.ConclusionsIn the DONALD Study sample, a negative age and time trend in breakfast consumption was verified. Interventions regarding breakfast habits should be aimed at adolescents and should focus on fruit/vegetables.

scholarly journals Assessment of Breakfast Consumption on Nutritional Adequacy among School-going Children in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataraj A. Durgannavar ◽  
D. Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Private School ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Government School ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Breakfast Skipping

Background: Children of school going age constitute a highly vulnerable and important group. During their growing period, all the nutrients should be included in their diet. Breakfast provides important nutrients for growing children. Skipping breakfast among school children is erratic. Therefore, the study was undertaken to assess the role of breakfast consumption affecting nutritional adequacy among schoolchildren. Methods: During the period 2015-2016, total of 200 school children in the age group of 10-12 years studying in government and private schools of North Bengaluru, Karnataka were selected through random sampling techniques. The breakfast consumption pattern was assessed using questionnaire. Dietary intake in terms of food and nutrients was assessed through 24 hours recall method. To measure adequacy of nutrient consumption, the obtained data was compared with recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for specific age group. Result: Gender wise segregation revealed that 109 were boys (54.5%) and 91 were girls (45.5%). The breakfast skipping was found more in the children of government school compared to private school (73% vs. 37%). When compared with the breakfast consumers, skippers had lower mean intake of all the nutrients studied. Similar results were observed among girls as in boys. The study provided new information on specific meal pattern i.e., breakfast that may be potential determinant of dietary adequacy and dietary quality.

scholarly journals Breakfast skipping alone and in interaction with inflammatory based quality of diet increases the risk of higher scores of psychological problems profile in a large sample of Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Haghighatdoost ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Hamid Afshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Breakfast Eating ◽  
Profile Score ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The authors investigate the association of breakfast skipping and its interaction with a dietary inflammatory index (DII) with the severity of psychological disorders. A total of 2876 Iranian general adults were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Psychological problems profile score was calculated using the regression method in the framework of factor analysis based on depression, anxiety and psychological distress. The higher scores indicate more severity of mental problem. The frequency of breakfast eating in a week was assessed. Dietary intakes were assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire and twenty-seven items were included in the calculation of DII. In the crude model, individuals who ate breakfast seldom had the highest odds for having worse psychological problems profile (OR 3⋅59; 95 % CI 2⋅52, 5⋅11). Adjustment for various confounders did not change the associations (OR 3⋅35; 95 % CI 2⋅11, 5⋅32). In the adjusted multinomial logistic regression model, participants with high DII (>median) who skipped breakfast had highest risk of being in the higher tertiles of psychological problems profile compared with those who had low DII (<median) and ate breakfast (OR 6⋅67; 95 % CI 3⋅45, 12⋅90). Similar results were observed in women and men regarding the impact of breakfast skipping alone and interaction with DII on scores of psychological problems profile. Breakfast skipping is associated with higher risk of psychological problems. Similar findings were obtained in the stratified analysis by sex. Our findings confirmed that the DII and breakfast skipping are associated with mental health, interactionally. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the true link between breakfast skipping and psychological problems.

Potential outcomes of work integration social enterprises for people who are homeless, at risk of homelessness, or transitioning out of homelessness

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Barton ◽  
Hayley Porter ◽  
Susanne Murphy ◽  
Rosemary Lysaght
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Integration

Purpose Social enterprise has the potential to serve as a mechanism of social and economic opportunity for persons experiencing homelessness. This paper aims to identify potential outcomes of work integration social enterprises (WISEs) for people who are homeless, at risk of homelessness, or transitioning out of homelessness. Design/methodology/approach Searches of 14 databases were completed using keywords and subject headings pertaining to homelessness, social enterprise and employment, respectively. These searches were then combined to identify literature concerning WISEs with homeless populations. The initial search yielded 784 unique articles. Through screening, 29 articles were selected and independently coded to establish themes. Findings The analysis identified the potential for WISEs to contribute positively to the lives of the target population in the areas of connection to the community, employment skill building, mental health, personal agency and empowerment, relationship-building, structure and time use, financial stability and housing. There were less positive and mixed findings regarding substance use, crime/delinquency, physical health and transition to mainstream employment. Future research should further explore causal relationships between WISE approaches and strategies and their potential implications for persons emerging from homelessness. Originality/value Prior to this research, there have not been any recent publications that synthesize the existing body of literature to evaluate the potential outcomes of WISE participation for homeless populations. This paper lays the groundwork for future empirical studies.

scholarly journals Reducing aggression and improving offending outcomes in youth with conduct disorder, results of a systematic review

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S270-S270
Author(s):  
Craig McEwan ◽  
Lauren Dunn ◽  
Jake Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Offending Behaviour

AimsThe aim of this literature review was to determine what interventions are effective in reducing aggression and offending behaviour in under 18's with conduct disorder.Null hypothesis: There is no difference in aggression or offending behaviour in under 18's with conduct problems in spite of interventions offeredBackgroundMental health services for children and adolescents who are aggressive or who have come into contact with the Youth Justice System are sparse and often under resourced. Conduct disorder (CD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed conditions in adolescents, particularly in young offenders (Kenny et al 2007). The most effective prevention programs for youth at risk of persistent delinquency has previously been found to be a multi model program focussing on the family context. However, this has not taken in to consideration the extent and prevalence of mental disorder, including conduct disorder, within the target population.MethodA systematic literature search was undertaken on medline and psychoinfo between January and December 2018. Identified papers were then screened by two independent researchers against pre-agreed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant papers were assessed for bias and results summarised.ResultFrom an initial data set of 526 papers, 9 were included for review. 4 focussed on psychopharmacology (1 aripiprazole, 1 risperidone, 1 risperidone vs clozapine, 1 clozapine), 1 family centred feedback, 1 Mode Deactivation Therapy and 3 were multi modal (combinations of Mode Deactivation Therapy, Stop Now and Act Programme, CBT, Didactic sessions, 1:1 counselling). None of the multi-modal interventions were standardised or comparable to each other. End points varied from 8 weeks (aripiprazole) to 15 months (multimodal SNAP programme). Settings varied from community programmes to secure inpatient settings. Whilst one risperidone study reported it to be effective in reducing aggression, it was not significant. One SNAP (multimodal) programme failed to show significant effect. All other 7 interventions, across various methods, demonstrated significant reductions in aggression, violence or other antisocial behaviour.ConclusionFew papers were identified that assessed interventions for youth with conduct disorder. The papers that were identified were significantly heterogeneous in their intervention, sample selection, methodology and outcome measures. Unfortunately, this leads to an inability to compare any interventions for this demographic. Despite the rise in Forensic Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, there is a weak and poorly understood evidence base for supporting and managing young people with conduct disorder.

scholarly journals Association between breakfast skipping and metabolic outcomes with sex, age, and work status stratification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Heo ◽  
Won-Jun Choi ◽  
Seunghon Ham ◽  
Seong-Kyu Kang ◽  
Wanhyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Work Status ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Metabolic Outcomes ◽  
Breakfast Eating

Abstract Background The association between breakfast skipping and abnormal metabolic outcome remains controversial. Large study with stratified data is needed. Objective The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between abnormal metabolic outcomes and breakfast skipping with sex, age, and work status stratification. Methods We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2013–2018. A total of 21,193 (9,022 men and 12,171 women) participants were included in the final analysis. The risk of the increased total number of metabolic outcomes linked to breakfast skipping was estimated using the Poisson regression analysis with sex, work status, and age stratification. Results A total of 11,952 (56.4%) participants consumed breakfast regularly. The prevalence of abnormal metabolic outcomes was higher among those with irregular breakfast consumption habits. In the irregular breakfast eating group, young men in the working population demonstrated a higher risk of metabolic syndrome after adjustment (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.25). We found a similar association among middle-aged men in the working population (odds ratio, 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.19). Conclusions The risk of abnormal metabolic outcomes was significant in young men in the working population. Further studies are required to understand the association between specific working conditions (working hours or shift working) and breakfast intake status and the risk of metabolic outcomes

scholarly journals Associations between deprivation, attitudes towards eating breakfast and breakfast eating behaviours in 9–11-year-olds

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 582-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham F Moore ◽  
Katy Tapper ◽  
Simon Murphy ◽  
Rebecca Lynch ◽  
Larry Raisanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Level ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Breakfast Eating ◽  
Eating Breakfast ◽  
Causal Nature

AbstractObjectivesTo examine school-level relationships between deprivation and breakfast eating behaviours (breakfast skipping and the healthfulness of foods consumed) in 9–11-year-old schoolchildren and to examine whether attitudes towards eating breakfast mediated these relationships.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingOne hundred and eleven primary schools in Wales.SubjectsYear 5 and 6 pupils within the 111 primary schools. Measures were completed by 4314 children. Analysis was conducted at the group (school) level, with each school representing one group.ResultsDeprivation was positively associated with breakfast skipping and consumption of ‘unhealthy’ items (i.e. sweet snacks, crisps) for breakfast. A significant negative association was found between deprivation and consumption of ‘healthy’ items (i.e. fruit, bread, cereal, milk). Deprivation was significantly inversely associated with attitudes towards eating breakfast. The relationships between deprivation and (1) breakfast skipping and (2) consumption of ‘healthy’ items for breakfast were mediated by attitudes towards eating breakfast. The hypothesis that attitudes mediated the relationship between deprivation and consumption of ‘unhealthy’ breakfast items was unsupported.ConclusionsDeprivation is associated with adverse breakfast eating behaviours amongst children aged 9–11 years, in terms of breakfast skipping and the quality of breakfasts consumed. Socio-economic differences in attitudes towards eating breakfast are apparent amongst this age group, and appear to relate to social gradients in breakfast eating behaviours. Research is needed to examine the causal nature of these trends and to elucidate factors underlying the development of socio-economic differences in eating-related cognitions.

scholarly journals Breakfast consumption and weight-loss maintenance: results from the MedWeight study

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 2246-2251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Brikou ◽  
Dimitra Zannidi ◽  
Eleni Karfopoulou ◽  
Costas A. Anastasiou ◽  
Mary Yannakoulia
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
At Home

AbstractDaily breakfast consumption is a common eating behaviour among people who have maintained their weight loss after weight-loss management. However, there is not a precise definition for breakfast in the literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential associations between breakfast consumption (based on several definitions) and weight-loss maintenance, as well as to explore differences in breakfast quality between individuals who managed to maintain part of the weight loss and in those who regained weight loss. The study sample consisted of 354 participants of the MedWeight study (age: 32 (sd 10) years, 61 % women) who had lost ≥10 % of their initial body weight and either maintained the loss for ≥1 year (maintainers, n 257) or regained weight loss (regainers, n 97). Participants completed online questionnaires and reported their dietary intake through two telephone 24-h recalls. Breakfast consumption was evaluated using twelve different definitions. The analysis indicated that breakfast consumption was associated with weight-loss maintenance only in men, when using self-reported breakfast consumption or the following breakfast definitions: (1) the first eating episode consumed at home and (2) the first eating episode consumed at home excluding caffeinated drinks. This association remained statistically significant even after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Thus, breakfast, the first eating episode of the day, when consumed at home, may be protective against weight regaining.

Abstract P563: Association of Regularly Skipping Meals With Employees’ Workplace Food Choices and Overall Dietary Quality

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L McCurley ◽  
Douglas E Levy ◽  
Hassan S Dashti ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
Emily D Gelsomin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Workplace Health Promotion ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Meal Skipping

Introduction: Breakfast skipping has been associated with poor diet, obesity, and risk of diabetes, but less is known about skipping lunch and dinner. We hypothesized that regular meal skipping by employees is associated with less healthy workplace food purchases, poorer dietary quality, and higher body mass index (BMI). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of baseline data from 602 hospital employees who regularly purchased from workplace cafeterias and enrolled in a workplace health promotion study in 2016-18. Hospital cafeterias used traffic-light labels (green = healthy, yellow = less healthy, red = unhealthy) for all foods. We calculated a Healthy Purchasing Score (HPS) using 3 months of employees’ purchases and weighting the proportion of items purchased (red=0, yellow=0.5, green=1; range 0-1, higher=healthier purchases). Healthy Eating Index (HEI; range 0-100, higher=healthier diet) was estimated using 24-hour dietary recalls. Meal skipping frequency was self-reported via questionnaire. Linear regression analyses examined differences in HPS, HEI, and BMI by meal skipping frequency (never skip, 1-2 days/week, 3+days/week), adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, education, job type, shift work, marital status, and number of purchases. Results: Participants’ mean age was 43.6 years; 79% (N=478) were female and 81% (N=488) white. Mean BMI was 28.3 kg/m 2 (SD: 6.5), and 63% (N=377) were overweight/obese. Mean number of items purchased was 146 (SD: 71); mean HPS was .69 (SD .14) and mean HEI was 60.4 (SD: 12.5). The table shows that frequent meal skippi was associated with less healthy purchases at work, and breakfast skipping was associated with lower dietary quality. Meal skipping was not associated with BMI. Conclusions: Employees who skipped meals purchased less healthy food at work and breakfast skippers had poorer overall dietary intake. Results suggest that meal skipping may be an important factor in unhealthy eating habits of employees and should be considered in workplace health promotion efforts.

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