scholarly journals Evaluation of Reproductive Performance of Jersey Cattle Raised under Semi-intensive Management in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nibo Beneberu ◽  
Kefyalew Alemayehu ◽  
Wossenie Mebratie ◽  
Kefale Getahun ◽  
Zeleke Tesema
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Jersey Cattle ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Jersey Cows

Background: The productivity and profitability of dairy cattle depend largely on reproductive performance. Thus, this study was intended to evaluate the reproductive performance of Jersey cattle raised under semi-intensive management system.Methods: A retrospective analysis consisted of data collected for the last 33 years was conducted. The fixed effects fitted were birth period, calving period, service period, birth season, calving season, service season, parity and genetic group. The general linear model procedure of SAS was used for the statistical analysis of data. Result: The overall least-square means for age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), days open (DO) and the number of services per conception (NSPC) were 22.93±0.22 months, 32.95±0.22 months, 494.16±3.68 days, 221.09±3.73 days and 1.99±0.03, respectively. Year, season and parity had a significant effect on most of the investigated reproductive traits. Imported Jersey cows had an extended CI and DO than farm-bred cows. Besides, the inconsistency of management and variability of climatic variables across year and season seems to have a considerable influence on the reproductive efficiency of cows. Therefore, the improvement in the level of management and selection of parents based on their breeding value would be improve the reproductive performance of Jersey cows.

scholarly journals 192 Effects of dam relative calving date on progeny performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 27-28
Author(s):  
Vitor R G Mercadante ◽  
Robin R White ◽  
John Currin ◽  
Heather L Bradford ◽  
Sherrie Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Full Dataset ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Virginia Department ◽  
Significant Interaction Term

Abstract The objective of this study was to establish the relationships between when a cow was born within the calving season and the performance of her offspring. Data from the Virginia Department of Corrections beef cattle herds were collated for 7 locations over 7 years (2010 to 2017), with 2 calving seasons per year. Data from Spring of 2011 were missing. The full dataset contained 19,253 individual animal observations. Within each location, year, and calving season combination, the calving season was defined as starting when the first calf was born and terminating when the final calf was born. The relative calving date (RCD) within each calving season was defined by calculating the number of days between when the calving occurred and when the calving season started, divided by the length of the season in days. For heifer calves that were retained as replacement heifers (n = 2,800), the RCD and birth weight of their calves were used as response variables of a mixed-effect model with fixed effects of dam RCD, season (fall vs spring), and calf sex. All 2 and 3 way interactions were also included as fixed effects. Both calving year and sire were used as random effects. Fixed effects were iteratively removed from the model when non-significant; however, non-significant linear terms were retained if involved in a significant interaction term. The final calf RCD model included significant effects of dam RCD (P = 0.006), season (P < 0.001), calf sex (P = 0.0737), and the interaction between dam RCD and calf sex (P = 0.055). The final calf birth weight model included only linear terms for calf sex (P < 0.001) and dam RCD (P = 0.029). Least square means for these relationships are depicted in Table 1.

scholarly journals Analysis of prolificacy in sows of hyperprolific lines of Large White breed

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
V. Matoušek ◽  
A. Čermáková ◽  
N. Kernerová ◽  
P. Králová
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Large White ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Lifetime Performance ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Esr Gene

The objective of the paper was to evaluate the results of reproductive performance of sows in some elite breeding herds of the Large White breed included in experimental herds for the production of hyperprolific lines of dam breeds. The set consisted of 98 sows with the known genotypes of ESR, FSHâ and PRLR genes. The dendrogram shows that on the basis of their genetic outfit the sows can be divided into two clusters. The first cluster can be described as a cluster with marked dominance of HPL sows and the second cluster with marked dominance of the sows of basic herd. The first cluster consisted of individuals in which the preferred genotype AA of PRLR gene was not detected. As for FSHâ gene, the beneficial genotype BB was found out in 74.10% of sows. In ESR gene the beneficial genotype DD was recorded only in 11.10% of individuals. On average for the lifetime performance they delivered by 2.08 piglets more in all born piglets and by 1.96 piglets more in live-born piglets per litter. Differences in the reproductive traits between HPL sows and the sows of basic herd in the first cluster were statistically highly significant. On the contrary, genotype AA of PRLR gene was identified in all sows of the second cluster, 61.36% of animals possessed beneficial genotype BB of FSHâ gene. As for ESR gene, beneficial genotype DD was identified within the whole cluster in 31.82% of sows. In lifetime performance the HPL sows had on average by 1.10 individuals more in all born piglets and by 1.01 more in live-born piglets (statistically significantly higher values). The unambiguous expression of a positive effect of preferred genotypes of selected candidate genes failed to be confirmed by the results of statistical analyses testing the associations of candidate genes for pig reproduction with selected parameters of breeding value and prolificacy of sows.  

scholarly journals Fixed part of the model for breeding value estimation in pigs based on litter size

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6-1) ◽  
pp. 429-436
Author(s):  
D. Radojkovic ◽  
M. Petrovic ◽  
M. Mijatovic ◽  
C. Radovic
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Applied Model ◽  
The Republic

The goal of this paper was to investigate the effect of various fixed effects on the number of born alive piglets in litter (NBA), based on results of Swedish Landrace sow fertility on three farms in Serbia, in order to determine the best adapted model for assessing genetic parameters and breeding value. Analysis of phenotipic variability of the NBA of Swedish Landrace sows was carried out based on fertility results on three swine farms (A, B and C) in the Republic of Serbia. Data sets encompassed reproduction indicators for 2803 (A), 1826 (B) and 2235 (C) sows, i.e. their 11014, 6757 and 8452 litters, respectively. For this analysis was used fix model of least square method which includes fixed effects of farrowing number, season of conception shown as combination of year and month, litter genotype, duration of previous period from weaning to conception, effect of sow age at farrowing like quadratic regression nested within farrowing number and linear regression influence of duration of previous lactation. The average NBA was within the interval from 9.13 (A) to 9.76 piglets (B and C). The monitored trait statistically highly significantly (p<0.001) varied under the effect of all systematic factors encompassed by the applied model, regardless of the source of analyzed data, Only the linear regression effect of duration of previous lactation for farm B was assessed as having lower statistical significance (p<0.05).

Reproductive traits of Angus, Criollo and reciprocal crossbred females in the temperate area of Argentina

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Corva ◽  
E. L. Villarreal ◽  
C. A. Mezzadra ◽  
L. M. Melucci
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Genetic Group ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Temperate Area ◽  
Genetic Groups

AbstractReproductive performance of purebred Angus (A) and Criollo (C) cows and crossbred CA and AC cows in the temperate area of Buenos Aires, Argentina, was assessed through the study of reproductive rates, calving date, first insemination date, number of inseminations and weight related variables. The herd was grazed on pastures all year round. Matings were by artificial insemination with visual oestrus detection, from October to December. Heifers first calving was at 3 years of age. All traits were analysed with general linear models including, as corresponded, fixed effects of dam and calf genetic groups, calving year and month, dam physiological status, calving age and first order interactions. Female genetic group adjusted means were used to estimate direct (gl) and maternal (gM) breed differences and heterosis (hl) effects on reproductive traits. Weaning rate was mostly determined by oestrons detection rate. Due to the inhibitory effects of nursing on reproduction, female genetic group effects were significant for suckling cows only: mean oestrous detection rate was higher (P < 0·05) for crossbred cows (AC: 91·2 (s.e. 5-1) %; CA: 88·4 (s.e. 2·9) %) than for A (76·3 (s.e. 2·0) %) and C (49·9 (s.e. 3·3) %); direct breed effects favoured A (glA - g1c = 26·4 (s.e. 3·7) %; P < 0·001) and h1 was 26·7 (s.e. 3·4) % (P < 0·001). When only oestrous-detected cows were considered, direct breed effects were significant only for pregnancy rate fg1A —g1c = 8·5 (s.e. 4·4) %) whereas h1 was significant for pregnancy (8·3 (s.e. 3·8) %), calving (9·3 (s.e. 4·1) %) and weaning (10·1 (s.e. 4·1) %) rates (P < 0·05). Criollo cows calved later than crossbred (≍19 days) and A (≍15 days) cows mainly due to longer post-partum anoestrous. For calving date, direct breed effects favoured A (g1A — g1c = 20·8 (s.e. 5·9) days; P <0·0·001) and h1 was 11·4 (s.e. 2·8) days (P < 0·001). Low reproductive performance in C was not associated with live iveight at the beginning of mating. This genetic group was the latest in showing oestrous behaviour, even when not suckling. Number of inseminations was similar for the four genetic groups. These results sustain the principle of utilizing Fl Criollo-Angus cows to improve beef herd productivity, whereas they do not support the recommendation of using purebred Criollo females under this type of production system.

Comparative reproductive performance evaluation of Holstein Friesian cattle breeds in two different agro ecological conditions, Oromia region, Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Destaw Worku ◽  
Kefyalew Alemayehu ◽  
Mussie H/Melekote
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Friesian Cattle

SummaryComparative study was conducted at Alage and Ardaita Agricultural Technical and Vocational Education Training College dairy farm to evaluate the reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian (HF) and associated factors in the two farms. The data collected from 2000 to 2015 on reproductive traits (n= 1688) were analyzed using general linear model procedures of SAS version 9.2 (SAS, 2008). The result revealed that an overall least square means and standard errors for Age at first Service (AFS), Age at first calving (AFC), Calving interval (CI), Days open (DO) and Number of services per conception were 29.70 ± 0.49 months, 39.75 ± 0.53 months, 465.76 ± 7.22 days, 188.11 ± 7.22 days and 1.31 ± 0.04, respectively. AFC was significantly influenced by agro ecology (P&lt; 0.001) and year of birth (P&lt; 0.01). Besides this, agro ecology (P&lt; 0.001) and year of birth (P&lt; 0.05) was significantly influenced by AFC. Year of calving and parity had significant effect (P&lt; 0.001) on CI and DO. Except CI, agro ecology had significant effect on all traits. Service per conception was significantly influenced by agro ecology (P&lt; 0.05) and year of calving (P&lt; 0.01). Season of birth and season of calving was not significant on all reproductive traits. Except SPC, the result obtained for AFS, AFC, CI and DO were below the standard expected from commercial dairy farm. Poor efficiency of estrus detection and expression were the most probable management factors accounted for longer period of AFS, AFC, CI and DO. Improving the level of nutrition as well as efficiency of estrus detection system is required for optimal reproduction performance of HF breed in the area.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters and genetic gains for reproductive traits of Arabi sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Roshanfekr ◽  
P. Berg ◽  
K. Mohammadi ◽  
Mirza Mohamadi
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Litter Weight

The current study reports, for the first time, the genetic parameters and genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations and trends of reproductive traits in Arabi sheep. Data were collected at Animal Science Research Station of Khuzestan Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University (ASRSKRANRU), south-west of Iran from 2001 to 2008. Litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), litter mean weight per lamb born (LMWLB), litter mean weight per lamb weaned (LMWLW), total litter weight at birth (TLWB) and total litter weight at weaning (TLWW) averaged 1.11 lambs, 1.01 lambs, 3.83 kg, 19.43 kg, 4.16 kg and 20.12 kg, respectively. Genetic parameters and correlations were estimated with univariate and bivariate models using restricted maximum likelihood, breeding values of animals were estimated with best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) and genetic- and phenotypic trends by regression of ewes? average breeding values and phenotypic least square means on year of birth respectively. Random effects were fitted by additive direct genetic effects and permanent environment related to the ewe as well as service sire effects, in addition to fixed effects of ewe age at lambing and lambing year. Heritability estimates of 0.05, 0.02, 0.13, 0.12, 0.04, and 0.06, and repeatability estimates of 0.08, 0.06, 0.17, 0.16, 0.14 and 0.21 for the six traits, respectively. Genetic correlations between traits varied from ?0.82 to 0.94. Phenotypic correlations were lower, ranging from ?0.33 to 0.52. Estimated annual genetic progress was very low; ?0.003 lambs for LSW and 15 g for TLWW. Annual phenotypic trend was only significant for LSW being 0.007 lambs. The study concluded that indirect selection based on total litter weight at weaning could be efficient for the traits studied.

scholarly journals Genomic Analysis of Purebred and Crossbred Angus Cows Quantifies Heterozygosity, Breed, and Additive Effects on Components of Reproduction

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Wayne S. Pitchford ◽  
Judith M. Pitchford ◽  
Jena G. Alexopoulos ◽  
Michelle L. Hebart
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Maternal Performance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Angus Heifers

Multiple studies have quantified the production differences of Hereford Angus crossbreds compared to purebred Angus for a range of traits including growth, carcass, and reproductive traits. This study aims to quantify breed and heterosis effects on maternal performance using genomics. Thirty Hereford and thirty Angus sires were mated to 1100 Angus heifers and cows in a large commercial herd run on pasture at Musselroe Bay, Tasmania, Australia. Approximately 1650 calves were born. Heifers were weaned, scanned for attainment of puberty prior to joining at approximately 15 months of age, joined, and then recorded for status of pregnancy, calving, lactating, 2nd pregnancy, and weaning of second calf. Heterozygosity effects were significant for heifer pre-joining weight and height as well as proportion pubertal. Breed differences were significant for the same traits plus pregnancy rate at second joining and proportion rearing two calves. Genetic parameters were reported for 13 traits. On average, higher genetic merit (Estimated Breeding Value, EBV percentile) Hereford bulls were used than Angus for growth and puberty, but they were similar for fat and reproduction. Days to calving BREEDPLAN EBVs of the sires were related to puberty and reproduction. Scrotal size BREEDPLAN EBVs of the sires were related to attainment of puberty genomic EBVs calculated. In summary, breed differences in growth and puberty were due to heterosis, but there was an advantage of Hereford genes for reproductive performance. Ongoing emphasis on selection for reduced days to calving and estimation of multi-breed EBVs is important.

scholarly journals Amasya İlinde Yetiştirilen Karayaka Koyunlarının Bazı Döl Verim Özellikleri ve Kuzuların Büyüme Performanslarının Belirlenmesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2022-2026
Author(s):  
Caner Tamer ◽  
Emre Şirin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Project Data

This study was carried out to determine the growth and reproductive performance of Karayaka sheep in Amasya province within the scope of National Animal Breeding Project. Data were collected from 17529 Karayaka lambs of 20120 Karayaka sheep which were born during 2012 to 2015 birth season. In this study, the live weights, survival rates of the lambs in various periods and reproductive traits of Karayaka ewes were investigated. In this study, the live weights, daily live weight gain, survival rates (90th day) and reproductive traits of Karayaka ewes were investigated. The averages of reproductive traits of Karayaka sheep such as infertility, fertility, twins, fecundity, litter size and survival rate were 13.8%, 86.2%, 7.20%, 0.867, 1.01 and 89.0% respectively. The effects of year, sex and type of birth on the birth weights and the live weights of 90 days (weaning) of Karayaka lambs were found to be significant. Daily live weight gain was affected only by year and sex.

Dampak Kebijakan Moneter Pada Output Di Negara-Negara ASEAN Tahun 1980-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Nur Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
State Data ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of monetary Policy on Ouput is an ambiguous. The results of previous empirical studies indicate that the impact can be a positive or negative relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of monetary policy on Output more detail. The variables to estimatate monetery poicy are used state and board interest rate andrate. This research is conducted by Ordinary Least Square or Instrumental Variabel, method for 5 countries ASEAN. The state data are estimated for the period of 1980 – 2014. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of monetary policy on Output shown are varied.Keyword: Monetary Policy, Output, Panel Data, Fixed Effects Model

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