Oxidant markers and their impact on antioxidant status and erythrocyte fragility in theileriasis in calves

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bipin Kumar . ◽  
D B Mondal ◽  
M V Jithin
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Theileria Annulata ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Erythrocyte Fragility

The present study has been carried out on the calves less than one month of age suffering from clinical Theileriosis. All the cases came to Referral veterinary polyclinic, IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly for treatment during 2015. Erythrocytic LPO in clinically affected calves were significantly (P less than0.05) higher than healthy animals. GSH, and SOD values in ailing calves were significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than healthy control and postreated calves. Catalase was also higher in infected calves but non significant. The hemoglobin concentration was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower in ailing animals. The erythrocyte fragility at 0.9%, 0.8% and 0.6% NaCl concentration was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than the control group. However, there were less erythrocytic fragility observed in NaCl 0.4% and 0.2% concentration in infected animals. In conclusion, anemia occurs in Theileria annulata infection is due to corpuscular oxidative damage as revealed from lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status which contribute to RBC fragility and consequent anemia.

scholarly journals Comparative pathological changes in sheep infected with Theileria annulata and non-infected control

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
W. AKHTER ◽  
A. ASLAM ◽  
M. U. REHMAN ◽  
H. U. REHMAN ◽  
I. RASHID ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Theileria Annulata ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

The hematological, serum biochemical and histopathological variations were compared in sheep naturally infected with Theileria annulata and healthy control group. Peripheral blood smears of 300 suspected sheep were observed for the presence of Theileria by microscopy (24%) and confirmed through PCR (34%). The PCR confirmed samples were used for further studies and showed significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte counts, total leukocyte count, serum total proteins, creatinine and glucose (P < 0.05) as compared to healthy control. Similarly a significant increase was recorded in Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P< 0.05) as compared to non-infected sheep. Histopathological changes revealed edema and severe depletion of lymphocytes in lymph nodes. The present study concluded that ovine theileriosis was linked with some pathological alterations in blood and tissues which could be helpful in the diagnosis of disease.

Effect of Acetyl-l-Carnitine on Antioxidant Status, Lipid Peroxidation, and Oxidative Damage of Arsenic in Rat

2015 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Sepand ◽  
Kamal Razavi-Azarkhiavi ◽  
Ameneh Omidi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zirak ◽  
Samin Sabzevari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Status

The Protective Effects of Probiotics on High Fat Diet-Induced Oxidative Damage Using a Comet Assay in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
Xiao Lian Chen ◽  
Lin Zhi Gong ◽  
Jian Xiong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant capability and preventive effect of probiotics on high fat diet induced oxidative damage. Thirty male rats were randomly divided into three groups.The control group consumed a normal standard diet (5% fat, w:w), the high fat diet group received a high fat diet (20% fat, w:w), and probiotics group received a high fat diet supplemented with 2% probiotics. After 6 weeks, antioxidant capability of liver was determined and DNA fragmentation of liver cell was determined using a comet assay. The results showed that high fat diet could induce oxidative stress, shown as significant increases in lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide free radical, significant decrease in activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, the percentage of DNA fragmentation was markedly increased, compared with control group. These alterations were significantly reversed in probiotics supplemented group and had no significant difference in antioxidant capability, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage compared with control group. Present observation indicated the probiotics had antioxidant property, which could scavenge free radical and enhance antioxidant defense system, and had the positive protective function on oxidative damage.

Lipid peroxidation during initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after hypoxia in endotoxemic rabbits

Perfusion ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Trittenwein ◽  
Alexandre T Rotta ◽  
Björn Gunnarsson ◽  
David M Steinhorn
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Venovenous Ecmo

Initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in septic children with severe respiratory failure often improves oxygenation but not pulmonary function. The factors affecting pulmonary function following onset of ECMO are not completely understood, but are thought to involve injury mediated, in part, by reactive oxygen species. We hypothesized that induction of ECMO using 100% oxygen as the sweep gas through the oxygenator would increase lipid peroxidation in endotoxin-primed animals after severe hypoxia. We further speculated that provision of oxygenated blood to the pulmonary circulation via venovenous ECMO would promote a greater degree of oxidative damage to the lung as compared to venoarterial ECMO. Eighteen New Zealand White rabbits were assigned to a control group (control) or two intervention groups subjected to 60 min of venoarterial or venovenous ECMO. ECMO was initiated following an intravenous challenge with 0.5 mg/kg of E. coli endotoxin and a period of global hypoxia leading to an arterial pH of 6.99 ± 0.09, PaCO2 of 103 ± 31 mmHg and PaO2 of 27 ± 5 mmHg. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, was measured in lung tissue homogenates and in arterial plasma. Lung tissue MDA demonstrated a strong trend towards an increase in the venoarterial group (1884 ± 945 nmol/g protein) and in the venovenous group (1905 ± 758 nmol/g protein) in comparison to the control group (644 ± 71 nmol/g protein) ( p = 0.1; significance at 95% in Scheffe test). Lung tissue MDA in the venovenous group had a significant correlation with mean PaO2 during ECMO by regression analysis ( r2 = 0.678, p = 0.044). The change in blood MDA concentration between pre-ECMO and post-ECMO values was greater in the venovenous group (pre 1.62 ± 0.61 versus post 5.12 ± 0.2.07 μmol/l, p = 0.043) compared with that seen in the venoarterial group (pre 1.46 ± 0.38 versus post 3.9 ± 0.93 μmol/l). Our data support the hypothesis that initiation of ECMO with a circuit gas oxygen concentration of 100% after global hypoxia enhances oxidative damage to lipids in endotoxin-challenged animals. During venovenous ECMO this finding is dependent on PaO2.

Effect of Sodium Metabisulfite on Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation Biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Shekarforoush ◽  
Parisa Ebrahimi ◽  
Akbar Afkhami Fathabad ◽  
Elaheh Farzanfar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: Sulfites are widely used as preservatives in the foods and pharmaceutical agents. It has been demonstrated that sulfites can react with a variety of cellular components and cause toxicity. Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ingested sodium metabisulfite (SMB) on serum antioxidant status in rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control and treated groups. Treated groups received 10, 100, and 260 mg/kg body weight of SMB for 28 days. After 28 days, serum was assayed for measuring superoxide dismtase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) activities, glutathion (GSH) level and lipid peroxidation. Results: The results showed that the activities of GPx, GR, CAT and GSH levels were significantly decreased in 100 and 260 mg/kg SMB treated rats, while malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly increased in 260 mg/kg treated group when compared with the control group. Conclusion: It is concluded that SMB administration as dose-dependent is associated with decreased serum antioxidant enzyme activities and increased lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Uric Acid, Total Antioxidant and Lipid Peroxidation Parameters in Serum and Saliva of Patients with Oral Lichen Planus

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atena Shiva ◽  
Shahin Arab
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Oral Lichen Planus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Oral Lichen ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

<p><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>: </strong>Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic and inflammation mucosal disease. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and oxidative stress damage might be the cause. Malondialdehyd (MDA), one parameter of lipid peroxidation is appropriate for DNA damage in OLP disease.</p><p><strong>OBJECTIVE</strong><strong>: </strong>To evaluate antioxidants and oxidative stress parameters in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) diseases and healthy control group with compare on serum and salivary samples.</p><p><strong>MATERIAL </strong><strong>&amp;</strong><strong> METHODS: </strong>The research population included 22 patients with OLP which recently diagnosed and 22 healthy controls matched for periodontal status. Total antioxidant activity (TAA), Malondialdehyde (MDA) or lipid peroxidation product and uric acid (UA) were evaluated in both serum and saliva. The t-tests were used for differences between the two groups in normal distributed variables and also Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient for assessing association between serum and salivary fluids.</p><p><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>: </strong>TAA levels in OLP patients showed significant result and lower than healthy control group (p=0.39). Also, results in the saliva MDA concentration, was significantly higher in OLP patients than controls. In correlation test, inverse and significant correlation was observed between the MDA and UA values(r=0. 682, P=0.0001) and a significant correlation was found between serum TAA and UA values.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION</strong><strong>: </strong>This study showed that OLP groups have higher cellular lipid peroxidation in compare to healthy controls and low level of TAA than controls. Patients with OLP are believed to be more at risk of antioxidant-oxidative stress imbalance.</p>

scholarly journals Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in diabetic pregnancy

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Bates ◽  
I. S. Young ◽  
L. Galway ◽  
A. I. Traub ◽  
D. R. Hadden
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fetal Abnormality ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Pregnancy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a greater incidence of fetal abnormality. Animal studies suggest that increased free-radical production and antioxidant depletion may contribute to this risk. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to assess nutritional antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in diabetic mothers in comparison with a control group. A 7 d dietary history and a food-frequency questionnaire were performed and venous blood collected for biochemical analyses from thirty-eight diabetic mothers and matched control subjects before 12 weeks gestation. Protein intake was significantly greater in diabetic patients (81.4 (se14.8) ν. 72.7 (se15.8) g/d,P= 0.015), while total sugar intake was less (79.5 (se13.2) ν. 104.8 (se28.8) g/d,P< 0.001). There were no significant differences in the intake of the major antioxidant vitamins (retinol, vitamin C or vitamin E) or β-carotene. However, intakes of a number of other micronutrients (including Se, Zn, Mg, Mn, riboflavin, thiamin, niacin and folate) were greater in diabetic patients. Among the nutritional chain-breaking antioxidants, serum levels of α-tocopherol (21.6 (se5.7) ν. 17.3 (se4.7) μmol/1,P= 0.0013), β-carotene (0.27 (se0.18) ν. 0.14 (se0.11) μmol/1,P= 0.003) and lycopene (0.23 (se0.17) ν. 0.16 (se0.13) μmol/1,P= 0.03) were greater in diabetic patients. There was no evidence of greater lipid peroxidation in diabetic patients, and total antioxidant capacity was similar in the two groups. Overall, these results indicate that nutritional antioxidant status is better in this group of diabetic mothers than in control pregnant non-diabetic subjects attending the same maternity hospital.

scholarly journals Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Capacity in Patients with Transfusion Dependent and Nondependent Beta Thalassemia

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4573-4573
Author(s):  
Zeynep Karakas ◽  
Yasin Yilmaz ◽  
Dolay Damla Celik ◽  
Agageldi Annayev ◽  
Selcan Demirel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract Background: The patients with β-thalassemia are usually under oxidative stress due to iron overload as a result of ineffective erythropoiesis and repeated transfusions. The endogen (uric acid, indirect bilirubin) and exogenous (ascorbic acid and vitamin E) antioxidants protect the cells from oxidative damage. The evaluation of antioxidant defense system can be easily done by measuring serum total antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study is to investigate the total oxidant (TOC) and antioxidant capacity (TAC) of patients with transfusion dependent (TDT) and nondependent (NTDT) β -thalassemia. Methods: Fifty eight patients (age range 3-59; median age 24 years) with β-thalassemia (16 nontransfusion dependent, 42 transfusion dependent) who were followed-up by Istanbul Medical Faculty Thalassemia Center were enrolled in this study. The sex and age matched 25 healthy subjects were used as control group. The total oxidant and antioxidant capacity were measured by Rel Assay Diagnostics, Total Oxidant Status (TOS) kit and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) kit. The statistics of results were done by SPSS version 21. Results: 58 patients were included consisting of β thalassemia intermedia (n=16) and β thalassemia major (n=42). The total oxidant capacity was found higher in patients than control group without significant differences. Beside this, the antioxidant capacity of patients was significantly increased (2.75 mmol/l vs 1.94 mmol/l; p=0.001). Within patients group, there was no significant differences in terms of TAC while the TOC level was high in NTDT (2.99 mmol/l vs 1.88 mmol/l; p=0.08). There was no significant relationship between TOC and sex, age (<18 vs >18 years), ferritin and splenectomy status, as the same for TAC. Conclusions: The oxidative damage in patients with β-thalassemia can trigger the morbidity. The measurement of TOC and TAC status stands a useful, rapid, and simple method to evaluate the complex oxidative mechanism of disease. There are still controversial results about antioxidant status in thalassemia patients. The irregular consume of supportive treatment such as zinc, vitamin C, vitamin E and herbal medicine may affect the TOC and TAC status. The results of this study can guide us to use the antioxidants to decrease the oxidative stress. Figure 1. Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Assessment of Lipid Peroxidation Levels and Total Antioxidant Status in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients: An in vivo Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Verma ◽  
Vivek Tripathi ◽  
Sahib T Singh ◽  
Chetan D Singh ◽  
Jaspreet S Gill
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant

ABSTRACT Introduction Periodontitis is a common problem affecting a significant population of the world. For the assessment of oxidative stress of an individual, total oxidation status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) are the significant biomarkers. Hence, we planned the present study to assess malondialdehyde (MDA), TOS, TAOC levels, and oxidative stress index (OSI) in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GP) and chronic periodontitis (CP) patients. Materials and methods The present study included assessment of 40 CP patients, 40 GP patients, and 40 healthy controls. Clinical assessment of all the subjects was done by measuring the probing depth (PD), clinical attachment (CL), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and plaque index (PI). Salivary and serum samples were taken and assessed by standard procedures as described previously in the literature. All the values were assessed and compared. Results Significant results were obtained while comparing all the periodontal parameters in between various study groups. Mean serum MDA levels in the CP, GP, and control group were found to be 0.68, 0.65, and 0.61 µM respectively. Statistically nonsignificant results were obtained while comparing the serum MDA levels in between the three study groups. Significant results were obtained while comparing the mean serum and salivary TOS values, TAOC values, and OSI in between various study groups. Conclusion In periodontitis patients, oxidative stress was significantly higher in comparison with healthy subjects. Clinical significance Oxidative parameters do play a significant role in the pathologic profile of periodontitis. How to cite this article Tripathi V, Singh ST, Sharma V, Verma A, Singh CD, Gill JS. Assessment of Lipid Peroxidation Levels and Total Antioxidant Status in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis Patients: An in vivo Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(3):287-291.

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