Profitability of begomovirus management strategies among chilli farmers in Tamil Nadu: A gross margin impact analysis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Swaminathan ◽  
K. C. Siva Balan ◽  
N. Anadaraja ◽  
N. Manikanda Boopathi ◽  
Pepijn Schreinemachers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Management Options ◽  
High Level

Plant diseases caused by vector-transmitted viruses like begomovirus inflict serious damage in terms of yield and colossal loss in many crops, predominantly Chilli. Coupled with bleak farm awareness and lack of management options, they could severely hamper remuneration prospects. In this connection, the profitability of the farm level begomovirus management strategies has been analyzed in this study. A sample of 100 chilli farmers were surveyed with focus on their perceptions of begomovirus caused diseases. Findings revealed a majority of farmers (80 per cent) experienced cross loss due to viral diseases. Positive changes in output and production cost were also reported with the adoption of management strategies, which in turn were categorized in to: low, medium and high. Besides, it was also revealed that when compared with no management strategy, the change in the gross margin was 17 per cent, 26 per cent and 80 per cent after the adoption of low, medium and high level of management strategies, respectively.

Current management strategies for osteochondral lesions of the talus

2021 ◽  
Vol 103-B (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Eoghan T. Hurley ◽  
Sarah K. Stewart ◽  
John G. Kennedy ◽  
Eric J. Strauss ◽  
James Calder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Bone Marrow Stimulation ◽  
Optimal Form ◽  
Marrow Stimulation ◽  
High Level

The management of symptomatic osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) can be challenging. The number of ways of treating these lesions has increased considerably during the last decade, with published studies often providing conflicting, low-level evidence. This paper aims to present an up-to-date concise overview of the best evidence for the surgical treatment of OLTs. Management options are reviewed based on the size of the lesion and include bone marrow stimulation, bone grafting options, drilling techniques, biological preparations, and resurfacing. Although many of these techniques have shown promising results, there remains little high level evidence, and further large scale prospective studies and systematic reviews will be required to identify the optimal form of treatment for these lesions. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(2):207–212.

scholarly journals Monte Carlo Simulation in Predicting the Level of Culinary Sales Revenue (Case Study at Radja Minas Padang)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ihksan ◽  
Sarjon Defit ◽  
Yuhandri Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Sales Revenue ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

Radja Minas is one of the culinary places located in the city of Padang with more than 30 employees. With the development of Radja Minas, of course, a good management strategy is needed. One way to do a revenue simulation, sales revenue simulation is a process of drawing or predicting sales. This study aims to predict the average sales revenue, so that it becomes a recommendation for use in making management strategies. The data processed in this research is sales data from 2017 to 2019 which comes from Radja Minas. This data will be processed using the monte Carlo method. The results of the tests that have been done have an accuracy rate of 92.66%. The high level of accuracy from the results of predictive data processing, this research is very precise and suitable for optimizing sales revenue. So that this research becomes a recommendation to be used in making a management strategy at Radja Minas in the future.

scholarly journals Clinical Guidelines and Practice

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek J. Hoare ◽  
Deborah A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Subjective Tinnitus ◽  
High Level

Subjective tinnitus is an enigmatic and chronic condition that is predominantly managed as symptomatic. Little high-level evidence exists for the efficacy and specificity of the various tinnitus management strategies currently used, and this is reflected in documents that aim to guide clinicians. As a consequence, there are clear gaps in evidence-based practice linking diagnosis to the most effective management strategies as well as a general lack of consensus about which are appropriate strategies for assessment and management. Several guidelines have been produced from research efforts and from expert opinion. All recommend standardization of assessment and a range of management options but do not yet provide a means to link the two. The authors call for clinicians, scientists, and policy makers to work together to address this barrier to good practice.

scholarly journals Local awareness and perceptions: consequences for conservation of marsh habitat at Lake Alaotra for one of the world's rarest lemurs

Oryx ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick O. Waeber ◽  
Lena M. Reibelt ◽  
Ihoby H. Randriamalala ◽  
Gabrielle Moser ◽  
Lucile M. Raveloarimalala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Local Awareness ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Village ◽  
Alternative Resource

AbstractManagement and monitoring of community-based protected areas in Madagascar remain challenging because of a lack of financial, human and technical resources, and capacity. At Lake Alaotra, conversion of marshland for rice cultivation and a lack of effective habitat protection have pushed the locally endemic Alaotra gentle lemur Hapalemur alaotrensis to the brink of extinction. The highest density of the species is found in the locally managed Park Bandro, a high-priority conservation zone within the Lake Alaotra New Protected Area. We evaluated local awareness and perceptions of Park Bandro, and discussed preferred management options with local communities. Two questionnaire surveys were carried out, one with 180 participants at six sites around the lake and marsh, and another with 50 participants in the village adjacent to Park Bandro. The majority of participants knew of the existence of Park Bandro but most did not know its purpose or size. Values and perceptions of local communities were influenced by occupation and distance to the Park, with fishers being most aware of the Park. We found that local people had a high level of environmental awareness and were willing to discuss zonation and alternative resource management strategies as long as these activities could provide a tangible livelihood benefit. Lack of awareness among local resource users regarding the purpose and status of protected areas such as Park Bandro is a challenge that needs to be addressed, and one that is relevant for environmental education and management of protected areas throughout Madagascar.

scholarly journals The hunt for plant viruses in South Africa: The early days

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrissie Rey
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Potential Yield

Plant viruses cause widespread disease in agriculturally important crops, resulting in a reduction in both quality and quantity of produce. The introduction of intensive crop monoculture has resulted in an exponential increase in viral diseases which can cross over from wild indigenous plants. Viral pathogens also can occur in mixed infections, and rapid, sensitive and reliable diagnostic methods are required to identify and characterise the viruses responsible for the field diseases. In comparison to bacterial and fungal diseases, viral diseases are more difficult to diagnose. This review covers a period (1985–2011) in the history of virus discovery in South Africa during which several plant viruses from commercial and smallscale farms were identified and characterised. Interestingly, novel viruses were discovered in three crops, namely guar and cassava grown by small-scale farmers in Mpumalanga, and in commercial tobacco. The implication of these plant diseases is potential yield loss to farmers which can affect their livelihoods, and result in severe economic loss for the food and agriculture industries. Accurate identification of the causal viral agents of these viral diseases is a prerequisite for development of effective management strategies.

Soil Nitrogen Movement under Sustainable Vegetable Production Systems

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 494f-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M. Johnson ◽  
Greg D. Hoyt
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Available Nitrogen

An experiment was established to determine the effect of different tillage practices, vegetable crop rotations, and pest management strategies on crop yield, plant diseases, pest and beneficial arthropods, weed species changes over time, and soil environmental consequences. This poster describes nitrogen movement from the various treatments over a 3-year rotation. The treatments are: 1) conventional tillage with chemically based IPM; 2) conventional tillage with biologically based IPM; 3) conservation tillage with chemically based IPM; 4) conservation tillage with biologically based IPM; and 5) conventional tillage with no fertilizer or pest management. Mid-season soil analyses with depth showed chemical-fertilized plowed and conservation-tilled treatments with more soil available nitrogen at most depths compared to the biological-based IPM systems (soybean meal was used as a nitrogen source). However, the biological-based systems did supply enough soil nitrogen to produce similar yield results as the chemical-based systems. Less soil nitrate was measured in the 30- to 90-cm depths at harvest from the biological-based systems than chemical-based systems. Conservation-tilled systems had greater nitrate with depth compared to conventional-tilled systems.

Wastewater management strategies for the black sea coast of Turkey

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
I. Ozturk ◽  
E. Yuksel ◽  
A. Tanik
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Sea Coast

The Black Sea, surrounded by six riparian countries, is under the threat of severe pollution, giving rise to the need of taking precautions to protect it from further deterioration. In this paper, an effort putting forth a wastewater treatment and management strategy is outlined for the Black Sea coast of Turkey, including both the technical and financial aspects. The present situation of the coast in terms of land-based pollution and infrastructure is stated, followed by an applicable management strategy. The strategy developed for the coastal settlements involves various stagewise treatment schemes based on population distribution and densities along the coastline, and on the availability of land in a specified period of thirty years. Similar strategies are proposed for the control of pollution originating from industries, for those carried by rivers joining the sea, and for leachate of solid waste landfills. The cost estimations of various treatment schemes are also given in terms of population equivalents.

scholarly journals Trends in Molecular Diagnosis and Diversity Studies for Phytosanitary Regulated Xanthomonas

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Vittoria Catara ◽  
Jaime Cubero ◽  
Joël F. Pothier ◽  
Eran Bosis ◽  
Claude Bragard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diversity Studies

Bacteria in the genus Xanthomonas infect a wide range of crops and wild plants, with most species responsible for plant diseases that have a global economic and environmental impact on the seed, plant, and food trade. Infections by Xanthomonas spp. cause a wide variety of non-specific symptoms, making their identification difficult. The coexistence of phylogenetically close strains, but drastically different in their phenotype, poses an added challenge to diagnosis. Data on future climate change scenarios predict an increase in the severity of epidemics and a geographical expansion of pathogens, increasing pressure on plant health services. In this context, the effectiveness of integrated disease management strategies strongly depends on the availability of rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostic methods. The accumulation of genomic information in recent years has facilitated the identification of new DNA markers, a cornerstone for the development of more sensitive and specific methods. Nevertheless, the challenges that the taxonomic complexity of this genus represents in terms of diagnosis together with the fact that within the same bacterial species, groups of strains may interact with distinct host species demonstrate that there is still a long way to go. In this review, we describe and discuss the current molecular-based methods for the diagnosis and detection of regulated Xanthomonas, taxonomic and diversity studies in Xanthomonas and genomic approaches for molecular diagnosis.

scholarly journals Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Endomyocardial Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 263246362098563
Author(s):  
Shruthi Kalyan Athni ◽  
Johann Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Endomyocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Management Options ◽  
High Level

Endomyocardial fibrosis is a rare cardiomyopathy. There has to be a high level of suspicion to make the diagnosis. The treatment is based on symptomatic relief and surgical management is based on the exact pathology found in the left ventricle apex. MRI is a robust investigation which can confirm diagnosis and provide management options and prognosis.

scholarly journals A High-Quality Grapevine Downy Mildew Genome Assembly Reveals Rapidly Evolving and Lineage-Specific Putative Host Adaptation Genes

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 954-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Dussert ◽  
Isabelle D Mazet ◽  
Carole Couture ◽  
Jérôme Gouzy ◽  
Marie-Christine Piron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Population Genomics ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Grapevine Downy Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildews ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
High Level

Abstract Downy mildews are obligate biotrophic oomycete pathogens that cause devastating plant diseases on economically important crops. Plasmopara viticola is the causal agent of grapevine downy mildew, a major disease in vineyards worldwide. We sequenced the genome of Pl. viticola with PacBio long reads and obtained a new 92.94 Mb assembly with high contiguity (359 scaffolds for a N50 of 706.5 kb) due to a better resolution of repeat regions. This assembly presented a high level of gene completeness, recovering 1,592 genes encoding secreted proteins involved in plant–pathogen interactions. Plasmopara viticola had a two-speed genome architecture, with secreted protein-encoding genes preferentially located in gene-sparse, repeat-rich regions and evolving rapidly, as indicated by pairwise dN/dS values. We also used short reads to assemble the genome of Plasmopara muralis, a closely related species infecting grape ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata). The lineage-specific proteins identified by comparative genomics analysis included a large proportion of RxLR cytoplasmic effectors and, more generally, genes with high dN/dS values. We identified 270 candidate genes under positive selection, including several genes encoding transporters and components of the RNA machinery potentially involved in host specialization. Finally, the Pl. viticola genome assembly generated here will allow the development of robust population genomics approaches for investigating the mechanisms involved in adaptation to biotic and abiotic selective pressures in this species.

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