A REVOLUÇÃO DOS CRAVOS: revolução e democracia, um debate

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
RAQUEL VARELA ◽  
ANTÓNIO SIMá•ES DO PAá‡O ◽  
JOANA ALCá‚NTARA
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Pact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Movimientos Sociales

Neste artigo fazemos uma sistematização das principais caracterá­sticas/causas da revolução portuguesa, argumentado que são as mudanças sociais que estão na origem das rupturas governativas e que a incapacidade de haver acordos institucionais prende-se com a impossibilidade de conjugação de projetos polá­ticos, impossibilitados de realizarem-se pela diná¢mica do movimento social, e não o seu inverso. Numa segunda parte do artigo analisamos o impacto do processo contrarrevolucionário ”“ o pacto social ”“ iniciado a partir de Novembro de 1975. Argumentamos que o pacto social nasceu em 1975 e ficou consagrado na Constituição de 1976, mantendo-se por causa da intensa conflituosidade herdada da revolução ”“ 10 governos em 10 anos, entre 1976 e 1985. Palavras-chave: Revolução dos cravos. Controle operário. Movimentos sociais. Portugal contemporá¢neo.  THE CARNATION REVOLUTION: revolution and democracy a debateAbstract: In this article we make a systematization of the main features/causes of the Portuguese revolution and argue that social changes give rise to disruptions in governance, and that the inability to have institutional arrangements concerns the impossibility of combining political projects, which are unable to perform due to the dynamics of social movement, not its inverse.   In the second part of the paper we analyse the impact of counter-revolutionary process - the social pact - started in November 1975. We argue that the social pact was born in 1975 and was consecrated in the 1976 Constitution, remaining because of the intense conflictuality inherited from revolution - 10 governments in 10 years, between 1976 and 1985. Keywords: Carnation Revolution. Worker”™s control. Social movements. Contemporary Portugal.  LA REVOLUCIÓN DE LOS "CRAVOS": revolución y democracia, un debateResumen: En este articulo, hacemos una sistematización de las principales caracterá­sticas causas de la revolución portuguesa, argumentando que son los cambios sociales que se encuentran en el origen de las rupturas gubernamentales y que la capacidad de haber acuerdos institucionales se aseguran con la imposibilidad de conjugación de proyectos polá­ticos, imposibilitados en realizarse por la dinámica del movimiento social. La segunda parte del artá­culo es analizado el impacto del proceso contra revolucionario - el pacto social - iniciado a partir de noviembre de 1975. Es argumentado que el pacto social nació en 1975 y se quedó consagrado en la constitución de 1976, manteniéndose por causa de la intensa conflictividad heredada por la revolución ”“ 10 (diez) gobiernos en 10 (diez) años, entre 1976 y 1985. Palabras clave: Revolución de los "cravos". Control operario. Movimientos sociales. Portugal contemporáneo.  

Campaign for development, social movement and revolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
A.S. Adeniran
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Social movement and revolution are tools used to shape social changes. Social movement aims to advance a group’s agenda either by rectifying cultural drifts, social disorganizations and social injustice but revolution aims to unseat the government or to transform the entire political order. Based on archival evidence, this article examines the impact of social movement on the manifestations and modifications of specific socio-cultural policies of democratic governments in Nigeria. Though there are commonalities and differentials between social movements and revolutions, there is a strong linkage between the two concepts. Social movement is largely an event on a micro-level while revolution is on a macro-level. Social movement engages limited violence and often resorts to thoughtful persuasion, but revolution enlists unlimited violence that manifests in gritty coercion. However, recently in Nigeria, a number of online social movements have developed and they strive to give voice to the voiceless in the socio-political structure, as well as gaining recognition online and offline, so as to promote social development within the polity. Karl Marx upholds that conflict is inevitable in the social structure yet it can be concluded that most of the fundamental developments in human history, such as national independence, democracy, social justice, social inclusion and civil/human rights have been won on the platform of social movement. There are hierarchical or stratified social relations in the society which breeds social struggle within the class systems. Unequivocally, social movements are bound to arise wherever social conditions are unfavorable. Key words: socio-cultural, social movement, revolution, development

scholarly journals The Study of the Consequences of Armed Groups: Lessons from the Social Movement Literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Bosi ◽  
Marco Giugni
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross Fertilization

Despite the development of the political violence and terrorism literature, which has moved strongly forward in the past decade, scientific works on the consequences of armed groups are still rare. This article encourages cross-fertilization between the sparse studies of the consequences of political violence and the growing body of research on how social movements matter. First, we show the variety of potential outcomes of armed groups' violent repertoires. We then review works on the consequences of social movements and highlight lessons for the study of armed groups. Specifically, we urge scholars to look for the interplay of internal and external factors in studying the impact of armed groups. We call for a comparative focus that dwells less on conditions and more on the processes and mechanisms affecting the impact of political violence. At the same time, we acknowledge that the literature on political violence and terrorism can inform social movement scholarship. In particular, students of social movements should pay more attention to the potential economic consequences of protest activities, the international factors constraining their impact, and the life-course patterns of movements' targets.

El Movimiento Popular y la historiografía en Chile: Elementos para un balance a 40 años del Golpe de Estado

2014 ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Thielemann Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Social History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Popular Movement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Movimientos Sociales

  Resumen: El concepto Movimiento Popular ha sido elaborado por la práctica política de izquierda durante todo el siglo XX, extendiéndose desde allí al campo acadé­mico. Pero con el Golpe de Estado de 1973 y la consecuente derrota política de este sector, su valor teórico perdió fuerza. El presente artículo busca establecer algunos balances y periodificaciones, especialmente respecto de los momentos en que la pregunta por el Movimiento Popular se ha hecho políticamente urgente, encontrando eco entre los historiadores. Se revisan, primero, las tesis gruesas de la corriente previa a 1973, denominada como Historiografía Marxista Clásica. A partir del impacto de los hechos de aquel año, se observan las premisas tanto de la reacción postestructuralista de los Nuevos Movimientos Sociales, como de la denominada Nueva Historia Social. Por último se revisan algunos visos de reactivación del problema desde una perspectiva de la historiografía política y social en las últimas dos décadas. Palabras clave: historiografía, movimiento popular, movimientos sociales. Abstract: The Popular Movement concept was developed by leftist politics throughout the twentieth century and it reached various academic fields as well. However, in Chile, this concept lost its theoretical strength with the 1973 Coup and the political defeat of the left. This article attempts to make some evaluations and periodizations of moments when questions on the Popular Movement have become politically urgent and found an echo in historians. The text overviews theses of the pre-1973 Classic Marxist Historiography trend. From the impact of the 1973 Coup, we can observe the post-structural reactions of the New Social Movements as well as those coming from the New Social History. The text also examines some reactivation of the question from the perspective of political and social historiography in the last decades. Key words: Historiography, popular movement, social movements. Resumem: O conceito Movimento Popular tem sido elaborado pela prática política de esquerda durante todo o século XX, se estendendo desde ali ao campo acadêmico. Porém, com o Golpe de Estado de 1973 e a consequente derrota política deste setor, seu valor teórico perdeu forca. O presente artigo procura estabelecer alguns balanços e periodificaçoes, especialmente respeito dos momentos em que a pergunta pelo Movimento Popular se tem feito politica­mente urgente, encontrando eco entre os historiadores. Se revistam, primeiro, as teses grosas da corrente previa a 1973, denominada como Historiografia Marxista Clássica. A partir do impacto dos fatos de aquele ano, se observam as premissas tanto da reação pós-estruturalista dos Novos Movimentos Sociais, como da denominada Nova Historia Social. Por último, se revistam alguns visos de reativação do problema desde uma perspectiva da historiografia política e social nas últimas duas décadas. Palavras chave: historiografia, movimento popular, movimentos sociais..

scholarly journals El malestar en los estudios sobre movimientos sociales / The place of malaise in social movement studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Movimientos Sociales

<p>Aunque ha sido tematizado, el concepto de malestar no ha tenido un lugar preponderante en los estudios sobre movimientos sociales. Incluso en su variante europea, explícitamente “culturalista”, el malestar no figuró como un concepto especialmente relevante. En los estudios latinoamericanos, por su parte, si bien el <em>tema</em> del malestar ha estado presente en mayor medida, éste no ha constituido un <em>concepto</em> central. Sin embargo, durante los últimos años, algunos autores han señalado el carácter ineludible del malestar, lo que podría abrir una posibilidad para teorizar de forma más clara la relación entre ambos términos. En el presente artículo se exploran algunas de las razones que subyacen a la ausencia relativa del concepto de malestar y se problematiza el lugar que el concepto puede tener en el campo de estudios sobre movimientos sociales en la actualidad.</p><p><strong>Palabras clave:</strong> malestar, movimientos sociales, política</p><p> </p><p class="Ttulo21"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The concept of malaise has not been of crucial importance for social movements studies. In spite of being an important topic, the concept has remained mainly confined to its descriptive dimension. Even in the “European” branch of social movement studies, where the individual and the cultural dimension of social life are highlighted, the concept of malaise has not been especially addressed. However, with the recent waves of protests around the world, during the last years some authors have pointed out the inescapable character of malaise and other forms of indignation. This could lead to a clarification of the relationship between the two terms. This paper aims to explore the reasons underlying this relative absence and to problematize the place that the topic of malaise can have in the field of social movement studies.  </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong><em> </em>malaise, social movements, politics</p>

scholarly journals La economía solidaria y comunitaria en Bolivia

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Wanderley
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Solidarity Economy ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modelo Económico ◽  
Movimientos Sociales

<p lang="es-ES" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">El objetivo del presente documento es analizar los avances y desafíos del proceso de cambio en Bolivia en relación al compromiso político con otro modelo económico (plural, post extractivista y post neoliberal) a través del fortalecimiento de la economía comunitaria, la economía estatal, la economía privada y la economía cooperativa. La primera parte sintetiza la trayectoria de los movimientos sociales que canalizaron la energía política para los cambios promovidos por el Movimiento al Socialismo. La segunda parte presenta los alcances de los cambios políticos, sociales y culturales desde 2006. La tercera parte analiza las políticas de promoción del nuevo modelo económico y los resultados en los últimos diez años. La cuarta parte dibuja el nuevo campo político marcado por disputas al interior de los movimientos sociales que apoyaron el proceso. El texto cierra con consideraciones finales.</span></span></p><p lang="es-ES" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Palabras clave: Economía Plural, movimientos sociales, Movimiento al Socialismo, Economía Solidaria, Economía Comunitaria</span></span></p><p lang="es-ES" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p lang="es-ES" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p lang="es-ES" align="JUSTIFY"><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Solidarity and commnity economy in Bolivia </span></span></em></p><p lang="es-ES" align="JUSTIFY"><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The aim of this paper is to analyze the progress and challenges of the process of change in Bolivia in relation to the political commitment with another economic model (plural, post extractive and post neoliberal) through the strengthening of the communitarian economy, the State’s economy, the economy private, and cooperative economy. The first part summarizes the trajectory of social movements that channeled the energy policy changes promoted by the Movement to Socialism. The second part presents the scope of political, social and cultural changes since 2006. The third part analyzes the policies to promote the new economic model and results in the last ten years. The fourth part draws the new political field marked by disputes within the social movements that supported the process. The text closes with final considerations.<br /></span></span></em></p><p lang="es-ES" align="JUSTIFY"><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Keywords: Plural Economy, social movements, Movement toward Socialism, Solidarity Economy, Community Economy</span></span></em></p><p lang="es-ES" align="JUSTIFY"> </p>

Conceptual-theoretical Re-orientation in Social Movement Discourse

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Nath Mukherji
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
The Social ◽  
Western Ethnocentrism

Abstract Western ethnocentrism in the social movement discourse keeps cropping up now and again. An attempt is made to arrive at a theoretical orientation unconstrained by historical contingency, but at the same time, without being a-historical. Conceptually, a distinction is made between social mobilisations and social movements, and between social movements and quasi-social movements. Since social movements are inevitably linked with social changes, a classification of social movements by its intended changes is presented to distinguish between varieties of social movements. Finally, the use of means — institutional and non-institutional — is factored into the theoretical orientation.

GERAKAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG LABALUBA DESA KONTUMERE KECAMATAN KABAWO KABUPATEN MUNA TAHUN 1960-1980

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurwan Nurwan ◽  
Ali Hadara ◽  
La Batia
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Movement Process ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

ABSTRAK: Inti pokok masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, Faktor-faktor yang mendorong gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna dan akibat gerakan sosial masyarakat Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna? Latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba yaitu keadaan kampungnya yang hanya terdiri dari beberapa kepala keluarga tiap kampung dan jarak yang jauh masing-masing kampung membuat keadaan masyarakatnya sulit untuk berkomnikasi dan tiap kampung hanya terdiri dari lima sampai dengan tujuh kepala keluarga saja. Kampung ini letaknya paling timur pulau Muna terbentang dari ujung kota Raha sekarang sampai kampung Wakuru yang saat ini. Kondisi ini juga yang menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab kampung ini kurang berkembang baik dibidang ekonomi, sosial politik, pendidikan maupun di bidang kebudayaan. Keadaan ini diperparah lagi dengan sifat dan karakter penduduknya yang masih sangat primitif. Faktor yang mendorong adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna adalah adanya ketidaksesuaian antara keinginan pemerintah setempat dan masyarakat yang mendiami Kampung Labaluba pada waktu itu. Sedangkan proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna bermula ketika pemerintah seolah memaksakan kehendaknya kepada rakyat yang menyebabkan rakyat tidak setuju dengan kebijakan tersebut. Akibat yang ditimbulkan dari adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna terbagi dua yaitu akibat positif dan akibat negatif.Kata Kunci: Gerakan Sosial, Factor dan Dampaknya ABSTRACT: The main issues in this study include the background of the social movement of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, Factors that encourage social movements of Labaluba Kampung Sub-village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, the social movement process of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District Muna Regency and due to Labaluba community social movements Kontumere Village Kabawo District Muna Regency? The background of the Labaluba Kampung community social movement is that the condition of the village consists of only a few heads of households per village and the distance of each village makes it difficult for the community to communicate and each village only consists of five to seven households. This village is located east of the island of Muna stretching from the edge of the city of Raha now to the current village of Wakuru. This condition is also one of the factors causing the village to be less developed in the economic, social political, educational and cultural fields. This situation is made worse by the very primitive nature and character of the population. The factor that motivated the existence of the social movement of Labaluba Village in Kontumere Village, Kabawo Subdistrict, Muna Regency was the mismatch between the wishes of the local government and the people who inhabited Labaluba Village at that time. While the process of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency began when the government seemed to impose its will on the people, causing the people to disagree with the policy. The consequences arising from the existence of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency are divided into two, namely positive and negative effects. Keywords: Social Movements, Factors and their Impacts

The Roles of Sufi Teachings in Social Movements: An HRD Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-223
Author(s):  
Nadir N. Budhwani ◽  
Gary N. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Collective Learning ◽  
Unconditional Love ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Recommendations For Practice

The Problem There is a growing need to explore the role of the centuries-old tradition of Sufism and its teachings which, through social movements, have contributed to, and continue to influence, human resource development (HRD) at various levels—individual, group, organization, community, nation, and international. The Solution To address this need, we present cases of social movements inspired by Sufi teachings in selected parts of the world. We discuss, using literature and personal experiences, links among Sufi teachings, social movements, and HRD, and provide a framework for understanding Sufi teachings within the context of the social movement phenomenon. We end with recommendations for practice and research. The Stakeholders We target broadening the horizons of HRD researchers, practitioners, civil society members, and social movement activists, encouraging them to address long-term changes and collective learning through the quest for unconditional love and liberation, which represent the core of Sufi teachings.

scholarly journals The Impact of Self-Management Techniques to Improve University Students’ Social Cognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Mita Sri Handayani ◽  
Muhammad Nur Wangid ◽  
Andre Julius
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
University Students ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cognition Scale

The background of the current study is the urgency of possessing good social cognition to adapt to the social changes that are happening quickly. Weak social cognition makes individuals less in empathy, aggressive or unhappy in their daily life. The link between self-management and social cognition lies in cognitive adjustment. Hence, the authors think it is important to do research that focuses on the implementation of counseling with self-management techniques in developing social cognition. The authors aimed to investigate the effectiveness of self-management in improving social cognition. The present study used one group pretest-posttest quasi-experiment. We invited 10 students from Universitas Ma'soem, Indonesia to participate in the experiment. They were selected based on a low social cognition score after filling the self-report of nineteen items social cognition scale. The results showed counseling with self-management techniques effective in improving university students' social cognition. Besides, limitations and recommendations are discussed.

scholarly journals MOVIMIENTOS SOCIALES E INTEGRACIÓN REGIONAL: EL CASO DE LA ARTICULACIÓN DE MOVIMIENTOS SOCIALES HACIA EL ALBA

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Díaz Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Entity ◽  
The Us ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Movimientos Sociales

El ALBA es un espacio de integración regional, alternativo al alca propuesto por EEUU, que inaugura una etapa denominada regionalismo posneoliberal. El ALBA desde sus orígenes ha contado con el acompañamiento de movimientos sociales de carácter antiimperialista y antineoliberal. La propia organización generó una instancia social: el Consejo de Movimientos Sociales; sin embargo, los movimientos sociales han generado de forma paralela y autónoma la Articulación de Movimientos Sociales hacia el ALBA. Este trabajo da cuenta de las características de este espacio de articulación social, a partir de propuestas teóricas pensadas en América Latina, y presenta un balance de las potencialidades y los desafíos de los movimientos sociales en el escenario latinoamericano y su influencia en la integración regional.   SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION: THE ARTICULATION OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS TOWARD ALBAABSTRACTALBA (the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our Americas) is a regional integration entity created as an alternative to the US-proposed FTAA (Free Trade Area of the Americas, ALCA in Spanish). ALBA inaugurates a period that has been referred to as post-neoliberal regionalism. Since its origin, ALBA has been accompanied by social movements with an anti-imperialistic and anti-neoliberal stance. ALBA, itself, generated a social entity: the Social Movements Council. However, in a parallel and autonomous way, the social movements created the Articulation of Social Movements toward ALBA. This article describes the characteristics of this entity for social articulation based on theoretical proposals developed in Latin America, and presents a balance of the potentialities and challenges of social movements in Latin America and their incidence in regional integration.

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