Effect of leptin on the gallbladder in patients with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia G. Virstyuk ◽  
N. R. Senyutovich
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Group I

The study involved 58 patients with chronic noncalculous cholecystitis (CNC) divided into two groups. Group I included 30 CNC patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), group II 28 CNC patients without MS. The control group consisted of 20 healthy people. MS was diagnosed according to International Diabetes Federation guidelines (2005). The following anthropometric parameters were determined: body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio, blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoproteins (HDL), and low density lipoproteins (LDL)). Leptin and insulin levels were measured using commercial ELISA kits «Leptin ELISA» and «Insulin ELISA» (DRG International, Inc., USA) respectively. Insulin resistance index HOMA-IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) was calculated. It was shown that leptin level in CNC patients with MS was 2.61 times that in healthy subjects (p <0.001) and 2.47 times higher than in CNC patients without MS (p <0.001). Significant direct correlations between leptin blood levels andBMI, HOMA-IR index, triglycerides, and cholesterol were documented. The relationships between blood levels of leptin and the thickness of the gallbladder (GB) wall, the amount of cholesterol crystals in bile, and decreased bile release rate from GB which suggests effect of leptin on the structural and functional changes in GB.

scholarly journals Irisin levels in relation to metabolic and liver functions in Egyptian patients with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma H. Rizk ◽  
Samah A. Elshweikh ◽  
Amira Y. Abd El-Naby
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Liver Functions ◽  
Group Ii

Irisin is a new myokine that is suspected to influence metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, there is a great controversy with respect to its level in cases of MetS and its correlation with different metabolic parameters. The present study assesses irisin levels in MetS patients and studies its relationship to metabolic and liver functions to evaluate the possible role of the liver in regulation of this level. Sixty subjects were included in this experiment, who were divided into 3 groups: group I (normal control), group II (MetS patients with normal liver enzymes), and group III (MetS with elevated liver enzymes and fatty liver disease). Serum irisin levels showed significant increases in groups II and III compared with group I, and significant increases in group III compared with group II. Also, irisin levels were positively correlated with body mass index, serum triglycerides, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and liver enzymes. We concluded that serum irisin levels increased in patients with MetS, especially those with elevated liver enzymes, and had a positive correlation with parameters of lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis with the possibility of hepatic clearance to irisin.

scholarly journals Association between proinsulin, insulin, proinsulin/insulin ratio, and insulin resistance status with the metabolic syndrome

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 1128-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Pivatto ◽  
Patricia Bustos ◽  
Hugo Amigo ◽  
Ana Maria Acosta ◽  
Antonio Arteaga
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The Metabolic Syndrome (MS) constitutes an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease. There is evidence that proinsulin blood levels and the proinsulin/insulin ratio are associated to the MS. The purpose of this study was to compare proinsulin and insulin, insulin resistance index, and the proinsulin/insulin ratio as predictors of MS. This is a cross-sectional study involving 440 men and 556 women with a mean age of 24 years. Diagnosis of MS was made according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Blood levels of insulin and proinsulin were measured, and the insulin resistance status was estimated using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR). The prevalence of MS was 10.1%. HOMA-IR was the best MS risk factor for both women and men (OR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.68-2.48 and 1.09; 95% CI: 1.05-1.13, respectively). HOMA-IR presented the best positive predictive value for MS: 22% and 36% for men and women, respectively, and was the best MS indicator. The proinsulin/insulin ratio did not show significant association with MS. HOMA-IR, proinsulin, and insulin presented good negative predictive values for both genders that could be used to identify an at-risk population.

scholarly journals Anthropometric characteristics of adolescents with signs of metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
L.A. Strashok ◽  
◽  
O.V. Buznytska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Obese Adolescents

An analysis of recent global research on the prevalence of obesity and its consequences, including metabolic syndrome, among adolescents is a matter of considerable concern. The same unfavorable tendencies are observed in Ukraine among modern youth. Therefore, an effective strategy for the detection and follow-up of adolescents is urgently needed for the timely treatment of obesity and the prevention of threatening complications. Purpose — to analyze and generalize anthropometrical indicators in adolescents with signs of metabolic syndrome to improve the management of this category of patients. Materials and methods. 200 obese adolescents (aged 16 years: 100 boys and 100 girls) were examined in the clinic of the Institute of Children and Adolescents Health Care of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. The control group consisted of 30 healthy children of the same age category. The criteria for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS) in children, proposed by the International Diabetes Federation [IDF, 2007], were used, which allowed to divide patients into two groups: 1 — with signs of MS (50.0%) and 2 — without signs of MS (50.0%), each of which included 100 patients. Patients underwent an anthropometric examination with the calculation of the following indicators: body mass index (BMI), the waist;to;growth ratio (WC/height) and waist circumference to hip circumference ratio (WC/HC). Blood lipid profile as a marker of atherogenesis, carbohydrate metabolism (fasting serum glucose, the level of immunoreactive insulin with the calculation of insulin resistance index HOMA) were also studied in detail. Results. The anthropometric analysis showed that in adolescents with MS the main indicators (BMI, WC/height, WC/HC), the degree of abdominal obesity were statistically significantly higher (p<0.05). When comparing the results by gender, probable differences were found between boys and girls: indicators of body weight, waist circumference, WC/HC, which were statistically significantly higher in boys (p<0.05). Characterization of lipid metabolism in the patients showed signs of atherogenic dyslipidemia (increased cholesterol levels, low and very low density lipoproteins, atherogenic factor, triglycerides, β-lipoproteins levels and tendencies to lower the levels of high density lipoproteins) with a significant predominance among those surveyed with MS (p<0.05). Conclusions. Promising careful anthropometric monitoring of obese adolescents will identify and predict trends in the disease, the risk of complications, which will increase the effectiveness of preventive measures for metabolic syndrome. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: adolescents, metabolic syndrome, anthropometry, diagnostics, dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Adipocytokines in metabolically healthy obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
Sofia G. Shulkina ◽  
Elena N. Smirnova ◽  
Maxim I. Yudin ◽  
Mikhail A. Osadchuk ◽  
Maxim V. Trushin
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subclinical Inflammation ◽  
Tnf Α

The aim of the investigation was to study the relationship among adipokines, markers of subclinical inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic healthy obesity (MHO). The study included 50 persons aged 25-50 years with obesity in the absence of metabolic disorders (International Diabetes Federation criteria, 2005, marked as MHO), the control group consisted of 50 healthy respondents without obesity. We studied clinical and biochemical parameters, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), levels of leptin, soluble leptin receptors (sLR), resistin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP-hs), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), von Willebrand factor, free leptin index was calculated in a formula (FLI = leptin × 100 / sLR). In MHO patients, independently of HOMA-IR index, there was an increase in leptin, FLI, resistin, VEGF, and IL-6 parameters. The concentration of CRP-hs and TNF-α in MHO group with HOMA-IR ≥2.7 was increased. Systolic blood pressure correlated with leptin level (r=0.43, P<0.05), FLI (r=0.54; P=0.01), TNF-α (r=0.44; P<0.05) and IL-6 (r=0.33; P<0.05); diastolic blood pressure - with leptin level (r=0.35, P<0.05). Links between high density lipoproteins and leptin (r=–0.55 and r=–0.60; P<0.01), resistin (r=0.32; P<0.05 and r=0.60; P<0.01) and VEGF (r=–0.70, P<0.01) were established. The VEGF level correlated with HOMA-IR (r=0.62; P<0.01), leptin (r=0.29; P<0.05), FLI (r=0.50; P<0.05), resistin (r=0.70; P<0.01), IL-6 (r=0.74, P<0.01) and ET-1 (r=0.29; P<0.05). Obese patients without metabolic disorders, having normotension and normal insulin sensitivity, are less influenced to adverse cardiovascular risks due to less expressed hormonal and inflammatory activation of adipose tissue and, as a result, less pronounced endothelial dysfunction. While insulin resistance develops, cardiovascular risk increases due to activation of subclinical inflammation, angiogenic endothelial dysfunction and leptin resistance.

Is FGF23 effective on insulin resistance in individuals with metabolic syndrome?

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dede Sit ◽  
Ender Tanrıverdi ◽  
Hasan Kayabasi ◽  
Muslum Erdem ◽  
Hakan Sari
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

AbstractPurposeMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a polymetabolic syndrome has high morbidity and mortality rates. Insulin resistance (IR) plays a key role in the increasing frequency of this situation and has been cited as being an important etiologic factor in MetS. In this study, the relationship between IR and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), was investigated in a population with MetS.Materials and methodsForty patients with diagnosis of MetS and 40 healthy volunteers with an equal number of males and females were included in the study and classified as patient group and control group. Blood samples were obtained after 12-h fasting period to study FGF23 and other parameters. MetS, defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) guidelines, FGF23 was studied by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) method and IR was calculated using the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) formula.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in HOMA-IR between the patient and control group as expected, while levels of FGF23 were similar. According to gender, levels of FGF23 was statistically significantly higher in male patients compared with controls (p = 0.037). A relationship was not detected between HOMA-IR and FGF23 in the correlation analysis.ConclusionAlthough there are many studies suggesting the correlation between FGF23 and IR in different populations, we did not find any statistically significant relationship between IR and FGF23 levels in MetS in this study.

scholarly journals Insulin resistance in PLHIV on HAART and HAART naïve PLHIV: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Prabir Kumar Ganguly ◽  
Niladri Das
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACT HAART (Highly active antiretroviral therapy) has transformed a fatal disease to a chronic, manageable disease. But long term toxicities are emerging after prolonged exposure to antiretroviral therapy(ART). Adverse metabolic effects like dyslipidemia, increased blood pressure, and insulin resistance(IR) have been attributed to HAART. Therefore, the use of HAART raises concerns regarding metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk in HIV(Human immunodeficiency virus) infected patients. Objective: To determine the prevalence of insulin resistance in a cohort of HIV infected patients on HAART as compared to HAART naïve PLHIV(People living with HIV) Methods: A cross sectional study includes 53 subjects, out of which 26 were PLHIV on ART –Group I, 27 were ART naïve PLHIV-Group II was conducted. Insulin resistance was determined by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) mathematical model. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the association between demographic, clinical characteristics, laboratory results and insulin resistance. Results: 69.5 % PLHIV on HAART showed IR, as compared to 37 % of ART naïve PLHIV (p= 0.01). MetS(Metabolic Syndrome) was found in 53.8% among PLHIV on ART , compared to 11.1% among ART naïve PLHIV(p= 0.001) .In the multivariate analysis, presence of metabolic syndrome was found to be directly associated with insulin resistance.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness and Serum Interleukin-17a Level in Patients with Isolated Metabolic Syndrome

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Demir ◽  
Nazmiye Harmankaya ◽  
İrem Kıraç Utku ◽  
Gönül Açıksarı ◽  
Turgut Uygun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) and serum IL-17A level insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome patients. This study enrolled a total of 160 subjects, of whom 80 were consecutive patients who applied to our outpatient clinic and were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, and the other 80 were consecutive patients who were part of the control group with similar age and demographics in whom the metabolic syndrome was excluded. The metabolic syndrome diagnosis was made according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF)-2005 criteria. EATT was measured with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the subjects. IL-17A serum levels were determined using the ELISA method. Fasting blood glucose, HDL, triglyceride, and fasting insulin levels were significantly higher in the metabolic syndrome group compared to the control group. In addition, the metabolic syndrome group had significantly higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and Homeostatic Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) levels than the control group. Similarly, serum IL-17A levels were significantly elevated in the metabolic syndrome group compared to the control group statistically (p < 0.001). As well, EATT was higher in the metabolic syndrome than the control group. Conclusion: By virtue of their proinflammatory properties, EATT and IL-17 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Serum uric acid and its association with metabolic syndrome and carotid atherosclerosis in obese children

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Pacifico ◽  
Vito Cantisani ◽  
Caterina Anania ◽  
Elisabetta Bonaiuto ◽  
Francesco Martino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
Carotid Imt

ObjectiveThe association between hyperuricemia, metabolic syndrome (MS), and atherosclerotic vascular disease has been reported in adults, but very little is known about this association in children. The aims of our study were to ascertain the correlates of uric acid (UA) in a sample of obese children, and to investigate whether UA is associated with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) independently from classical risk factors including MS.MethodsWe analyzed carotid IMT along with serum triglycerides, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance index (as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, creatinine, and UA in 120 obese children and 50 healthy control children.ResultsUA concentrations were significantly higher in obese children compared with controls; moreover, they correlated with the most established cardiovascular risk factors. In the group of obese children, after adjustment for age, sex, pubertal stage, and creatinine, an independent association between UA levels and the presence of MS syndrome was observed (unstandardized coefficient, 0.044 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.015–0.072); P<0.01). Carotid IMT significantly increased in the fourth quartile of UA compared with that in the first, second, and third quartile (0.49 (0.46–0.53), 0.53 (0.49–0.56), and 0.55 (0.52–0.59) vs 0.61 (95% CI, 0.58–0.64); P<0.01). When multivariate analysis was performed after adjusting for age, gender, pubertal stage, creatinine, and MS (considered as a single clinical entity), or the individual components of MS simultaneously included, the association between UA and carotid IMT was significant (P<0.01).ConclusionsIn obese children and adolescents, increased UA levels are associated with carotid atherosclerosis.

Effects of a Therapeutic Lifestyle Modification Program on Inflammatory Chemokines and Insulin Resistance in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Geum Oh ◽  
Sang Hui Chu ◽  
So Youn Bang ◽  
Mi Kyung Lee ◽  
Soo Hyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Inflammatory Chemokines

Background. Although therapeutic lifestyle modification (TLM) effectively improves the values of diagnostic biomarkers of metabolic syndrome, less is known about its effects on inflammatory chemokines and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with this syndrome. Objectives. To examine the effects of a short-term TLM program on inflammatory chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1], retinol binding protein-4 [RBP-4]) and IR in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Method. Twenty-nine women (aged 66.5 ± 9.5 years) with metabolic syndrome were randomly assigned to the TLM intervention group (n = 16) or control group (n = 13). The TLM intervention group was provided with 4 weeks of health screening, education, exercise, diet, and counseling. Participants in the control group were instructed to maintain their usual lifestyle behavior. Outcome variables measured included MCP-1, RBP-4, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). An intention-to-treat strategy was not followed, and the final number of subjects in the analysis was 22 (14 in the TLM group and 8 in the control group). Results. After a 4-week TLM program, MCP-1, fasting insulin, and HOMA were significantly decreased in the TLM group compared to those in the control group (all p < .05). Conclusions. We conclude that a short-term TLM program could be effective for improving inflammatory state and IR, which are significant preceding biomarkers for cardiovascular complications in subjects with metabolic syndrome.

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