scholarly journals DUALITAS HUKUM WARIS MINANGKABAU DAN ISLAM (STUDI KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT MUSLIM MINANGKABAU DI MALANG)

JURISDICTIE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Law System ◽  
Inheritance System ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Customary Laws ◽  
Construction Pattern

<p>One of interesting customary laws is the implementation of customary law of inheritance system of Minangkabau society. Minangkabaw society implements inheritance system from mother’s lineage. It contradicts with the inheritance system in Islam which admits father’s lineage system. The aim of this research is to describe social construction pattern and inheritance system which are constructed by Minangkabaw society in Malang. Method which is applied in this research is field research with qualitative descriptive approaches. From the result of this research, the researcher concludes that social construction which is constructed by Minangkabaw society in Malang is adaptive system. This system is a combination between customary law and applicative law of the area where the society settled. Related to inheritance determination, this society tends to apply conventional law system and they leave their</p> <p>customary law although they still want to apply the customary one.</p> <p> </p> <p>Salah satu hukum adat yang sangat menarik yaitu tentang penerapan hukum adat masyarakat Minangkabau yang berkaitan dengan hukum waris. Masyarakat Minangkabau menerapkan hukum waris dari garis keturunan Ibu. Hal ini sangat kontradiksi dengan sistem hukum waris Islam yang menarik keturunan dari garis ayah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ingin mendiskripsikan pola konstruksi sosial dan sistem hukum waris yang dibangun masyarakat Minangkabau ketika menetap di Malang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa konstruksi sosial yang di bangun masyarakat Minangkabau yang menetap di Malang yaitu menggunakan sistem adaptif. Dimana sistem ini merupakan suatu bentuk peleburan terhadap hukum adat dengan hukum yang berlaku di daerah mereka menetap. Dalam hal penerapan waris, masyarakat Minangkabau yang menetap di Malang mereka cenderung memakai sistem hukum konvensional, dan menanggalkan hukum adat meraka, meskipun masih ada keinginan untuk menerapkan hukum adat Minangkabau di Malang.</p> <p> </p>

scholarly journals Classification of Women in The Class Concept of Dowry: A Study of Berger and Luckmann's Social Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-182
Author(s):  
Ahmad Arif Masdar Hilmy ◽  
Ria Cahyaning Utami
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Social Construction Theory ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

The determination of the dowry in the marriage of the people of Karangsono Village was originally based on the rules of Islamic law, namely by using the principles of convenience, lightness, and simplicity. However, people's lives that are never stagnant make them always interact with each other, thus forming a new concept of dowry determination in the community. The purpose of this article is to determine the description and implementation of the concept of the dowry class in the community marriage of Karangsono Village and to review it using the perspective of the social construction theory. This field research used a qualitative descriptive method and data analysis used Berger and Luckmann's social construction theory. Data were collected through document study, interviews, and observations. This research resulted in conclusions: (1) The concept of the dowry class in the community marriage of Karangsono Village is based on the classification of the prospective bride, which is seen from the status of a virgin or widow, her beauty, and age. The higher the quality of the woman, the higher the dowry she can get, (2) The determination of the dowry in Karangsono Village has undergone a social construction based on three simultaneous processes. The externalization process is illustrated through adaptation to religious texts and life being experienced. The process of objectivation here gives birth to new meanings, which are manifested in the actions of the wider community so that they become objective facts. The process of internalization is illustrated by the affirmation in the consciousness experienced subjectively.(Penentuan mahar dalam perkawinan masyarakat Desa Karangsono mulanya didasarkan pada aturan hukum Islam, yakni dengan menggunakan asas kemudahan, keringanan dan kesederhanaan. Namun kehidupan masyarakat yang tidak pernah stagnan, membuat mereka selalu berinteraksi satu sama lain, Tujuan artikel ini ialah untuk mengetahui deskripsi dan implementasi konsep kelas mahar dalam perkawinan masyarakat Desa Karangsono, serta ditinjau menggunakan perspektif teori konstruksi sosial. Penelitian lapangan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis datanya menggunakan teori konstruksi sosial Berger dan Luckmann. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui studi dokumen, wawancara dan observasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa kesimpulan: (1) Konsep kelas mahar dalam perkawinan masyarakat Desa Karangsono ialah berdasarkan klasifikasi yang dimiliki calon pengantin perempuan, yakni dilihat dari status perawan atau janda, paras kecantikan dan usianya. Semakin tinggi kualitas yang dimiliki perempuan, maka semakin tinggi pula mahar yang bisa didapatkannya, (2) Penentuan mahar di Desa Karangsono telah mengalami konstruksi sosial berdasarkan tiga proses simultan. Proses eksternalisasi tergambar melalui adaptasi dengan teks-teks keagamaan dan kehidupan yang sedang dialami. Proses objektivasi disini melahirkan pemaknaan baru, yang termanifestasikan ke dalam tindakan-tindakan masyarakat luas sehingga menjadi kenyataan objektif dan biasa dilakukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Proses internalisasi tergambar oleh penegasan dalam kesadaran yang dialami secara subjektif dan pentransferan akan pengetahuan tentang makna-makna objektif)

Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Kewarisan Kelem pada Masyarakat Kecicang Islam

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 56-70
Author(s):  
Ijtihadul Umam
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Law System ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Customary Laws ◽  
Hereditary Laws ◽  
Collection Methods

Kelem hereditary is one of the customary laws in the matter of the inheritance rights of grandchildren which is the result of the agreement of former community leaders in Kecicang Islam Village, Bungaya Kangin Village, Bebandem District, Karangasem Regency, Bali Province. Kelem comes from the Balinese language which means drowned. In terms of hereditary, kewarisan kelem means a grandson whose father or mother (the heir) died before the grandfather or grandmother (the inheritor) is said to have drowned (blocked) from inheritance rights because it is hindered by the parents’ brothers who are still alive. This is in contrast to the hereditary law system in Indonesia in the form of Islamic Law Compilation article 185 paragraph 1, which explains that, the heir who dies before the inheritors can be replaced by his child. The research method used was field research. This research was a descriptive analytic with juridical normative approach. Data collection methods used include interviews and documentation. After the data was collected, it was analyzed in a descriptive qualitative way with the 'urf and the theory of substitute heirs. The results showed that kelem hereditary is one of the customary laws as the result of the agreement of former community leaders in Kecicang Islam. This contradicts both Sunni and Shi'ah hereditary law systems as well as the hereditary laws in Indonesia.

scholarly journals HAK KEWARISAN SUAMI DALAM PERNIKAHAN SEMANDA PADA MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT LAMPUNG SEBATIN

ASAS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 46-63
Author(s):  
Zuhraini Zuhraini
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Inheritance System ◽  
The Family ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Joint Property

The Sebatin Lampung customary law community, seen from the lineage system including genealogical customary law community, draws on the patrilineal lineage. In the marriage system using an honest marriage system, where the wife is included in the husband's relatives. But for certain reasons, the Semanda marriage system was also used by the Sebatin Lampung customary law community. In the marriage system, the husband follows or is in the environment of his wife's relatives. In semanda marriage, which has more role in the inheritance dominated by the wife because the assets managed are indeed owned by the wife's family. If they get shared assets during the marriage, is there a husband's right to joint property in the distribution of inheritance. Based on the above background, the problem in this paper is how the distribution of inheritance in the Sebatin Lampung customary law community and how the husband's inheritance rights in Semanda marriage Sebatin Lampung Customary Law Community. The first research objective was to analyze the distribution of inheritance rights in Sebatin Lampung Customary Law Society. Second, to examine and analyze the husband's inheritance rights in the marriage of SemandaSebatin Lampung Customary Law Society. The method in this study, seen from its type, is qualitative research, even if seen from the nature of this research is library research. Data analysis using qualitative descriptive. The conclusion obtained in this study is First, For the Sebatin Lampung customary law community, inheritance system uses a system of major inheritance. This means that inheritance will fall on the oldest son. Assets inherited to the oldest sons are inheritance, customary titles, and parental property which is the result of the parents' efforts while still alive. Second, the distribution system of inheritance for husbands who carry out semi-marriages at the Sebatin Lampung customary law community, carried out in accordance with the conditions and conditions of each family. This division can be seen from two conditions. If in the family there are children born in semanda marriage, then the inheritance of the wife is given to the eldest son and the oldest child will take the policy to share or give part to his younger siblings. If there are no children, the inheritance is taken over by the wife's family while the husband does not get a shareKeywords: husband's inheritance rights, semanda marriage and sebatin Lampung customary law community.

scholarly journals TA'ARUF LOCALITY: INTEGRATION OF ISLAMIC LAW AND CUSTOMARY LAW OF THE PHENOMENON USING TRIBE GREDOAN IN BANYUWANGI

Al-Qadha ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Qurrotul Ainiyah
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Customary Laws

This research is a study which used a qualitative approach with the type field research, which is related to the Gredoan tradition as the event of looking for a life partnerin using community located on Macan Putih Village, Kabat district in banyuwangi. In thispaper will explain how is the custom to find a mate in Banyuwangi society that has lastedsince long ago. Gredoan is the relations between customary law and Islamic law whichseeks to integrate between the customary laws with Islamic law in matters of marriage. theContributions of research are: First, there is public space in the form of practice the ta'arufprocess towards marriage in Banyuwangi Using society which known as gredoan custom.Second, that Islamic law turns out to have spaces to accommodate the customs as the jointsof Islamic law. gredoan Tradition as an al-„urf in using community of banyuwangi inta'aruf process towards marriage, it obtains legitimacy by the maqāṣid al-syarīʿah which isbased on the rules is al-âdat al-Muhakkamah.

scholarly journals LEGITIMASI HUKUM ADAT BALI DALAM KARYA SASTRA KULTURAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
I Kadek Adhi Dwipayana ◽  
Ida Bagus Gede Bawa Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The People ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Customary Laws ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Law ◽  
Ritual Law

Legitimacy of Balinese Customary Lawin Cultural Literature Works. This article talks about the legitimacy of Balinese customary law and the reinterpretation of the authors of Balinese customary law in cultural literary works. The source of research data comes from the collection of "Bunga Jepun" short stories by Fajar Arcana, "Mandi Api" by Aryantha Soethama, Novel "Tarian Bumi" by Oka Rusmini, and "Incest" by Wayan Artika. The research data was collected by the library study method and then analyzed based on a qualitative descriptive approach which has several mechanisms, namely reduction, presentation of data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the legality of Balinese customary law in question in cultural literature is about the customary law of marriage, the law of inheritance, the law of neglect (exclusion), and the ritual law of malik sumpah. These customary laws become a polemic and are discussed in literary works because they are unable to provide justice for the people and tend to be discriminatory. These customary laws are polemic and are discussed in literary works because they are unable to provide justice among indigenous people

scholarly journals TA’ARUF LOKALITAS: INTEGRASI HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM ADAT TERHADAP FENOMENA GREDOAN DI SUKU USING BANYUWANGI

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qurrotul Ainiyah
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Customary Laws

Abstract. This research is a study which used a qualitative approach with the type field research, which is related to the Gredoan tradition as the event of looking for a life partner in using community located on Macan Putih Village, Kabat district in banyuwangi.  In this paper will explain how is the custom to find a mate in Banyuwangi society that has lasted since long ago. Gredoan is the relations between customary law and Islamic law which seeks to integrate between the customary laws with Islamic law in matters of marriage. the Contributions of research are: First, there is public space in the form of practice the ta'aruf process towards marriage in Banyuwangi Using society which known as gredoan custom. Second, that Islamic law turns out to have spaces to accommodate the customs as the joints of Islamic law. gredoan Tradition as an al-‘urf in using community of banyuwangi  in ta'aruf process towards marriage, it obtains legitimacy by the maqāṣid al-syarīʿah which is based on the rules is al-‘âdat al-Muhakkamah.Keywords: Islamic Law, Customary Law, GredoanAbstrak. Penelitian ini adalah kajian yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research), yang berkaitan dengan tradisi Gredoan sebagai proses ajang mencari pasangan hidup dimasyarakat suku using yang terdapat didesa macan putih kecamatan kabat. Dalam paper ini akan dipaparkan bagaimana adat mencari jodoh dimasyarakat banyuwangi yang telah berlangsung sejak dahulu. Gredoan adalah bentuk relasi antara hukum adat dan hukum islam yang berusaha mengintegrasikan antara hukum adat dengan hukum islam dalam hal perkawinan. Kontribusi penelitian yaitu: Pertama, adanya ruang publik berupa praktek proses ta’aruf menuju pernikahan dimasyarakat using banyuwangi yang dikenal dengan adat gredoan. Kedua, bahwa hukum Islam ternyata mempunyai ruang-ruang untuk menampung adat-istiadat sebagai sendi-sendi hukum Islam. Tradisi Gredoan sebagai al-‘Urf dimasyarakat using banyuwangi dalam proses ta’aruf menuju pernikahan, mendapatkan legitimasi dengan adanya tinjauan Maqasid Syari’ah yang di landasi dengan kaidah “al-‘adat al-Muhakkamah”.Kata Kunci: Hukum Islam, Hukum Adat, Gredoan

scholarly journals POSISI PRAKTEK PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN BERBASIS HUKUM ADAT DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM NASIONAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Nendah Kurniasari ◽  
Christina Yuliaty ◽  
Rismutia Hayu Deswati
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Business World ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Law System ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government

Masyarakat hukum adat masih belum terlihat eksistensinya meskipun pemerintah telah mengeluarkan berbagai perundang-undangan terkait pengakuan terhadap keberadaan masyarakat hukum adat. Tulisan ini bertujuan memberikan penjelasan sejauhmana posisi praktek pengelolaan sumberdaya kelautan dan Perikanan berbasis hukum adat dari perspektif perundang-undangan yang telah dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dan content analysis. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pengakuan tersebut merupakan pengakuan bersyarat, dimana persyaratan seringkali tidak konsisten antar satu perundang-undangan dengan perundang-undangan lainnya. Dari perspektif Undang-Undang No 27 Tahun 2007 jo UU No 1 Tahun 2014, terdapat beberapa ketidakselarasan antara praktek pengelolaan SDKP berbasis hukum adat dengan UU tersebut, diantaranya adalah 1) posisi peran masyarakat yang setara dengan dunia usaha, 2) persyaratan dalam pemberian hak istimewa kepada masyarakat hukum adat dalam mengelola sumberdaya KP tidak terjabar secara jelas, 3) mekanisme legalisasi hukum adat jelas baik dari pengertian masyarakat hukum adat sendiri maupun lembaga yang melakukan legalisasi dan verifikasi, dan 4) belum adanya peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur wilayah pemanfaatan dari setiap masyarakat adat. Oleh karenanya perlu ditentukan proporsi keterlibatan pemerintahan daerah, masyarakat dan dunia usaha, perlu menentukan ormas mana yang dapat mejadi wadah aspirasi masyarakat sesuai dengan Permen No 40/2014, perlu penjelasan makna “kepentingan nasional” yang menjadi prasyarat diberikannya hak pengelolaan SDKP kepada masyarakat adat, perlu ditentukan lembaga verifikator masyarakat hukum adat, perlu peraturan daerah yang mengatur batas wilayah pada setiap kesatuan masyarakat hukum adat, dan perlu membuat trace bundle mengenai sejarah dan tata hukum adat.Title: The Position Of Marine And Fisheries Resources Management Practices Based On Adat Law In National Law PerspectiveCustomary law community has not shown its existence, though the government has enacted several legislations concerning the recognition of  the community. This paper aims to provide an explanation regarding the position of marine and fisheries resources management practices based on customary law in national law perspective.  The study used a qualitative descriptive analysis and content analysis.The results showed that the recognition is a conditional one and it is inconsistent among laws. There are several contradictions between practices and Law number 27/2007 juncto Law Number 1/2014. They are 1) posistion of the community role is equivalent to business world, 2) requirements in granting privileges to the customary law community in terms of marine and fisheries resources management are not clearly defined, 3) legalization mechanism of customary law is clearly explained, both customary law community definition and institutions which perform legalization and verification, and 4) the absence of legislation governing the use of the territory of each of indigenous communities. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the proportion of local government, community, and business world involvement. It is also important to determine the community organizations which may be an an inspiration of the community in accordance with Ministerial Regulation Number 40/2014. Besides that, it needs an explanation of the meaning of “national interest” which is a prerequisite to indigenous communities in order to have marine and fisheries resources management rights. Furthermore, it is important to determine the customary law community verifier institutions. Other than that, setting regional regulations governing borders of each customary law community territory is needed. Last, creating a trace bundle concerning history and customary law system is also necessary.  

BIMBINGAN PRAKTIK SALAT UNTUK SISWA BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI SMP

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-59
Author(s):  
Sulfiyah Sulfiyah
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Students With Special Needs ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education System ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Abstract: One of national education aim is to developing student’s potentials in order to become a faithful man. It is based on Republic of Indonesia’s Law Number 20 of 2003 on National Education System, Chapter II Article 3. Islamic Religious Education is one of education that done to create a faithful man. Prayer is one of Islamic Religious Education’s matter should be learned by all Moslem’s students, include students with special needs. Research of prayer practice guidance is an important thing to be done. The important thing should be researched is about prayer practice that taught in the inclusion school. Inclusion school have regular (common) students and special needs students. How the teacher can teach prayer practice for students with special needs in the inclusion school. Once of inclusion school is Junior High Boarding School Putra Harapan. The goal of this research is to explore and to describe about how teacher guides prayer practice for students with special needs in Junior High Boarding School Putra Harapan Purwokerto Banyumas. This research belongs to field research on qualitative descriptive form. The methods of collecting data used by the author are interview, observation and documentation. Meanwhile to analyze of data, it’s done by collecting data, reducing, presenting and verifying data to be valid and reliable report. The findings of this research show that guidance of prayer practice for students with special needs in Junior High Boarding School Putra Harapan done through some ways namely dividing students into two class that regular and inclusion class, establishing guidance of prayer practice program, using musyafahah and demonstration methods. Key words: guidance, prayer practice, students with special needs.

DINAMIKA POLITIK PERSETUJUAN BERSAMA TENTANG PENETAPAN DESA ADAT DI KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU TAHUN 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Haryo Suganda ◽  
Raja Muhammad Amin
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Information Method ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Village

This study is motivated the identification of policies issued by the regional Governmentof Rokan Hulu in the form of Regulatory region number 1 by 2015 on the determination of thevillage and Indigenous Village. Political dynamics based on various interests against themanufacture of, and decision-making in the process of formation of the corresponding localregulations determination of Indigenous Villages in the Rokan Hulu is impacted to a verysignificantamount of changes from the initial draft of the number i.e. 21 (twenty one) the villagebecame Customary 89 (eighty-nine) the Indigenous Villages who have passed. Type of thisresearch is a qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The research aims to describe theState of the real situation in a systematic and accurate fact analysis unit or related research, aswell as observations of the field based on the data (information). Method of data collectionwas done with interviews, documentation, and observations through fieldwork (field research).The results of the research on the process of discussion of the draft local regulations andmutual agreement about Designation of Indigenous Villages in the Rokan Hulu is, showed thatthe political dynamics that occur due to the presence of various political interests, rejectionorally by Villagers who were judged to have met the requirements of Draft Regulations to beformulated and the area for the set to be Indigenous Villages, and also there is a desire fromsome villages in the yet to Draft local regulations in order to set the Indigenous village , there isa wide range of interests of these aspects influenced the agreement to assign the entire localVillage which is in the Rokan Hulu become Indigenous village, and the village of Transmigrationinto administrative Villages where the initiator of the changes in the number of IndigenousVillages in the Rokan Hulu it is the desire of the local Government of its own.

Indonesian Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lindsey ◽  
Simon Butt
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Law ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Banking Competition ◽  
Inheritance System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Forest Law ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
The Law

This book explains Indonesia’s complex legal system and how it works. Covering a wide range of substantive topics from public to private law, including commercial, criminal, and constitutional law, it is the first comprehensive survey of Indonesian law in English. Offering clear answers to practical problems of current law, each chapter sets out relevant laws and leading court decisions, accompanied by an explanation of how the law works in practice, with an analytical critique. The book begins with an account of Indonesia’s Constitution and the key state agencies, before moving to the lawmaking process, decentralization, the judicial system and court procedure, and the legal profession (advocates, notaries, and legal aid). Part II covers traditional customary law (adat), land law, and environmental law, including forest law. Part III focuses on criminal law and procedure, including investigation, arrest, trial, sentencing, and appeals. It also covers human rights law and the law on corruption. Part IV deals with civil law, and covers civil liability, contracts, companies and other business vehicles, labour, foreign investment, taxation, insolvency, banking, competition, and media law. The book concludes in Part V with an account of Indonesia’s complex family law and inheritance system for both Muslims and non-Muslims. The book has an extensive glossary of legal terms, and detailed tables of legislation and court decisions, designed as unique resources for lawyers, policymakers, and researchers.

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