scholarly journals Risk Factors of Children Behavior in Schistosomythical Transfer in Two Villages of Lindu Regency, Sigi District, Central Sulawesi in 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Tri Sulistiyawati ◽  
Budi Utomo ◽  
Soeharto Soeharto
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sex Behavior ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Reliable Knowledge ◽  
The Impact

Children of primary school are particularly vulnerable to schistosomiasis because 60-70% of them with age of 5-14 years do a lot of activity outside home. The impact of schistosomiasis in children are the lack of concentration in learning, anemia, and impaired growth. This study aimed to describe the behavior of children aged 7-12 years in Puro'o and Tomado Villages in preventing the transmission of schistosomiasis and to determine the correlation between age, sex behavior community in the prevention of schistosomiasis. The study was conducted in Tomado and Puro'o villages for 3 months from March to June 2016. This was a cross sectional study. The samples in this study were children aged 7-12 years, selected by stratified multistage random cluster sampling which was done in three phases: the first phase was the villages, the second phase was the primary school in the village, and the third stage was household selected by proportional random sampling. Data were collected through interview using a structured questionnaire and the observation was analyzed using chi-square test. Respondents who had less knowledge, mostly behave defecate/urinate (80%) in latrine/WC, handwashing behavior with soap after defecating/urinating (50%), wearing footwear outside the home (86.5%), and playing in the rice fields, marshes and lakes (67.3%). Analysis of the relationship between knowledge and child's behavior showed no significant relationship (p=0.114). As a conclusion, children aged 7-12 years in Tomado and Puro'o villages mostly had less supportive behavior in preventing the transmission of schistosomiasis and had moderate or less reliable knowledge.

scholarly journals Drug Abuse Prevalence Among 10th - 12th-Grade Students of Kerman, Iran in 2017 - 2018 Academic Year

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrzad Mazhari ◽  
Hassan Ziaaddini ◽  
Nozar Nakhaee ◽  
Azam Kermanian
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Substance Involvement ◽  
Academic Year

Background: It is generally accepted that due to various reasons, the age of drug abuse prevalence continues to decline, which imposes numerous personal and social dysfunctions. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of drug abuse among adolescents in Kerman, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 2,000 10th - 12th-grade students in the academic year of 2017 - 2018 selected by random cluster sampling. Data collection tools included demographic characteristics checklist and alcohol smoking and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST). Data were analyzed using chi-square test. Results: The results showed that the highest prevalence of substance abuse among students was related to tobacco, alcohol, and sedatives. It was also demonstrated that the use of cigarettes, sedatives, cannabis, and amphetamine was significantly higher among male subjects compared to female participants (P < 0.05). Moreover, 16.4, 12.9, and 5.1% of the tobacco, alcohol, and sedative users required low interventions, respectively, whereas 1.5, 0.8, and 0.4% of them required high interventions, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, there was higher drug abuse prevalence in male students compared to female students. As such, it seems that consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and narcotics in adolescents requires serious intervention.

PERBEDAAN FREKUENSI SAKIT BAYI USIA 6-12 BULAN YANG DIBERIKAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN NON ASI EKSKLUSIF

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Nadya Khuswatun Khasanani ◽  
Ninik Darsini ◽  
Dwiyanti Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Infant Mortality ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Difference

Abstrak Latar belakang : Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) yang tinggi masih menjadi permasalahan di Indonesia. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas. Salah satunya dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Namun, cakupan ASI eksklusif di Indonesia masih belum mencapai angka yang diharapkan. Pada tahun 2017 cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif di Surabaya terendah berada di Kelurahan Sidotopo Wetan, yaitu sebesar 51,94%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan frekuensi sakit bayi usia 6 – 12 bulan yang diberikan ASI eksklusif dan non ASI eksklusif. Metode : Jenis penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional. Sampel sejumlah 102 ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 6 – 12 bulan ( 53 bayi ASI eksklusif dan 49 bayi non ASI eksklusif). Sampling dengan cluster sampling. Variabel dependen adalah frekuensi sakit, variabel independen adalah bayi usia 6 – 12 bulan yang diberikan ASI eksklusif dan non ASI eksklusif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan chi square(α = 0,05). Hasil : Bayi dengan ASI eksklusif sebagian besar memiliki frekuensi sakit yang jarang (79,2%), sedangkan bayi non ASI eksklusif sebagian besar memiliki frekuensi sakit yang sering (85,7%). Hasil uji chi square( p<0,001, OR=22,9), yang berarti bahwa terdapat perbedaan frekuensi sakit pada bayi usia 6 – 12 bulan yang diberikan ASI eksklusif dan non ASI eksklusif di Kelurahan Sidotopo Wetan, Surabaya. Kesimpulan : Bayi yang diberikan ASI eksklusif memiliki frekuensi sakit lebih jarang daripada bayi yang tidak diberikan ASI eksklusif.Abstract Background: High Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is still a problem in Indonesia. Various efforts have been made to reduce morbidity and mortality. One of them is exclusive breastfeeding. However, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia still has not reached the expected rate. In 2017 the lowest coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Surabaya was in Sidotopo Wetan Village, which was 51.94%. This study aims to determine the difference frequency of illness in infants aged 6 - 12 months are given exclusive breastfeeding and non-exclusive breastfeeding. Method: Type of observational analytic study with cross-sectional study design. A sample of 102 mothers who had infants aged 6 - 12 months ( 53 infants exclusively breastfeeding and 49 infants non-exclusive breastfeeding). Sampling with cluster sampling. The dependent variable is the frequency of illness, the independent variable is infants aged 6 - 12 months are given exclusive breastfeeding and non-exclusive breastfeeding. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Data analysis using chi square (α = 0.05). Results: Most infants with exclusive breastfeeding had a rare frequency of illness (79.2%), while most non-exclusive breastfeeding infants had frequent frequency of illness (85.7%). Result of chi square test (p<0.001, OR=22,9),  which means that there were differences frequency of illness in infants aged 6-12 months were given exclusive breastfeeding and non-exclusive breastfeeding in Sidotopo Wetan Village.Surabaya. Conclusion: Infants are given exclusive breastfeeding have a less frequency of illness than infants are not given exclusive breastfeeding.

Association between perceived parental style and depressive symptoms among adolescents in Hulu Langat District, Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Kiat Ang ◽  
Cheng Kar Phang ◽  
Firdaus Mukhtar ◽  
Zubaidah Jamil Osman ◽  
Hamidin Awang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Parental Style ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Styles ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Depression among adolescents is increasing and worrying because of its morbidity and mortality from suicide. It has been found to be associated with negative parental styles. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between perceived negative parental styles and depressive symptoms among adolescents in Hulu Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 1769 secondary school students by using a multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by using a set of validated, pre-tested and standardized questionnaires which included the Measures of Parental styles (MOPS) and modified Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 12 (DASS-12) for adolescents. Data were analyzed by using the chi-square test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and independent t-tests. Out of 1800, 1769 completed the questionnaire giving a response rate of 98.3%. The prevalence of severe depressive symptoms was about 14% while 18.0% and 36.1% of respondents have moderate and mild depressive symptoms, respectively. There were significantly moderate and positive correlations between perceived indifferent parents (Father: r = 0.367; Mother: r = 0.340, p < 0.05), perceived abusive parents (Father: r = 0.338; Mother: r = 0.331, p < 0.05) and depressive symptoms among the respondents. While perceived over control parents shows a significantly positive but weak correlation (Father: r = 0.206; Mother: r = 0.244, p < 0.05) with depressive symptoms among respondents. All types of parental styles in this study were significantly different among respondents with different categories of depressive symptoms (p < 0.008). Perceived negative parental styles have significant influence on adolescents’ depressive symptoms. Intervention on modifying parental style is needed to reduce depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals The impact of front of package label design on consumer understanding of nutrient amounts among residents of the urban area in Chennai

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2141-2148
Author(s):  
Viswanath B ◽  
Manju ◽  
Timsi Jain
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nutrient Amounts ◽  
The Impact

The producer, selling and utilisation of packed nourishments have supported a preeminent flood lately in India. Food labelling is one of the vital population-based methods that can help customers make beneficial food selections by offering essential information about the food on the packaging. The present study aims to assess the impact of front of package label design on consumer understanding of nutrient amounts among residents of the urban area in Chennai. A cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban area in Chennai. Four hundred participants were studied by convenient sampling method. Participants were from 18 years age and above. The study duration was about three months. A pretested and semi-structured questionnaire was given, and the desired information was elicited. Data was then analysed with the help of statistical package for the social sciences software (SPSS). Chi-square test was done to test the significance (p<0.05). The mean age was of the participants was found to be 27.52 ± 11SD. About 63% of participants preferred packed foods over unpacked foods. And 68% of participants have nutritional knowledge and looked into nutrition facts on the back of the pack. Association of gender and socioeconomic class with knowledge of participants were found to be insignificant. Association of occupation with the frequency of purchasing packed food products was significant. Many people look into the nutrition facts table and do not understand and fail to interpret. It is important to provide front of pack labels for better understanding of the consumers.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study to determine the health profile of brick kiln workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5135
Author(s):  
Rufiat N. Kazi ◽  
Mangala M. Bote
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Brick Kiln ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Occupational hazards involving the respiratory system, musculoskeletal system, skin and eyes are very commonly seen in the workers involved in the brick kiln industry. This study was designed to assess health profile of the brick kiln workers and to discuss sociodemographic profile affecting their health.Methods: This was a cross sectional study. 420 workers falling into the eligibility criteria, were selected from the 65 brick kiln factories in the study area. Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select the brick kiln factories and the participants of the study. The responses given by the participants were entered in Microsoft Excel 2010 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Chi Square test was used to determine the association between the morbidities and sociodemographic variables.Results: Mean age of the workers was 35.34±10.96 years. 96.7% of the respondents were suffering from some or the other complaints, while 3.3% were not suffering from any complaints. Addiction was seen in 37.9% of the participants. Musculoskeletal complaints were the most common complaints followed by respiratory and skin complaints.Conclusions: Health of workers is affected due to conditions they work under. The older age group had more respiratory, dermatological and ophthalmic complaints. The group of workers employed as bigaaris as well as those who were working for more than 10 years had more respiratory and dermatological complaints.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of students mentoring in exclusive breastfeeding in the districts Aceh Besar and West Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Cut Sriyanti ◽  
Nizwar Siregar ◽  
Mudatsir Mudatsir ◽  
Azhari Gani
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improve Health Status ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Breast milk was a food source to meet all the baby's needs for nutrients. Early initiation of breastfeeding may improve survival of children, improve health status, and improve brain development and motoric.  Efforts to improve the health of infants with exclusive breastfeeding can be done by involving students with the mentoring process. This studied aims to find out the level of success of mentoring by students on the provision of breastfeeding exclusive in Aceh Province. The project design was cross-sectional study with a number of subjects were 86 infant under two years. The sampling technique uses cluster sampling. Data analyses using Chi-Square test. The results of the studied found that of 43 respondents who received a breastmilk income, 76,7% gave exclusive breastfeeding and 23,3% did not give exclusive breastfeeding.  Then of 43 respondents who did not get the assistance, as 53,5% gave exclusive breastfeeding, and 46,5% did not give exclusive breastfeeding. Results known to have a significant relationship between mentoring with exclusive breastfeeding (p= 0,020). Students mentoring is effective in increasing the provision of exclusive breastfeeding to infant under two years of age. ASI merupakan sumber makanan untuk memenuhi semua kebutuhan nutrisi pada bayi. Inisiasi menyusui dini dapat meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup anak-anak, meningkatkan status kesehatan, dan meningkatkan perkembangan otak dan motorik. Upaya meningkatkan kesehatan bayi dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif dapat dilakukan dengan melibatkan siswa dengan proses pendampingan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan pendampingan oleh siswa tentang pemberian ASI eksklusif di Provinsi Aceh. Desain penelitian adalah studi cross-sectional dengan jumlah subjek 86 anak di bawah dua tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan cluster sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa dari hasil pendampingan oleh siswa terdapat 76,7% yang telah memberikan ASI eksklusif. Sedangkan tidak mendapatkan pendampingan hanya sebesar 53,5% yang memberikan ASI eksklusif. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pendampingan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif (p= 0,020). Kesimpulan, pendampingan siswa efektif dalam meningkatkan pemberian ASI eksklusif untuk bayi di bawah usia dua tahun. Saran, perlu penguatan kepada dinas pendidikan bahwa lintas sektor ini sangat bagus dalam meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Children Aged One to Five Years in Siyambalanduwa MOH Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aim: High prevalence of child undernutrition is a well-known issue in rural areas of Si Lanka. Identification of real burden, underlying specific causes and addressing those issues will help to improve the nutritional status of those children. Objective: To describe the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged one to five years in Siyambalanduwa MOH area. Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 421 child-mother pairs in Siyambalanduwa MOH area using two stage cluster sampling method. Data collection done by using pre tested interviewer administered questionnaire. Relevant anthropometric measurements were done according to WHO slandered guidelines. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20. The chi-square test was used, and P<0.05 was considered for statistically significant. Results: Overall 41% of children aged 1-5 years were undernourished in Siyambalanduwa MOH area. Among the study subjects 24% were underweight, 25.7% were stunted, 16.4% were wasted, 9.2% were both underweight & stunted, 6.8% were both, underweight & wasted, 0.5% were both stunted & wasted and 9.9% were underweight & stunted g & wasted. Only the low total monthly income (P<0.001) and low birth weight (P<0.001) were significantly associated with child undernutrition. Conclusions and recommendations: Prevalence of undernutrition among children aged 1-5 years is unacceptably high and urgent efforts to reduce undernutrition should be a priority. Future studies should focus on assessing how to reduce the burden of undernutrition with low cost interventions.

Socioeconomic Status and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Thai Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurusart Konharn ◽  
Maria Paula Santos ◽  
José Carlos Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thai Adolescents ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Impact

Background:The impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on objective measures of physical activity (PA) in adolescence is poorly understood. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between SES and objectively measured PA in Thai adolescents.Methods:PA was objectively measured every 30 seconds for 7 consecutive days using ActiGraph GT1M uniaxial accelerometers in 177 secondary-school adolescents aged 13 to 18 years that were classified into 3 SES groups (low, middle, and high). The associations between SES and adolescents’ PA were examined using 1-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons and Chi-square test.Results:Adolescents of low-SES accumulated more minutes of PA and less of sedentary behavior than those of high-SES, Additionally, low-SES adolescents tended to meet the daily PA guidelines more than other groups, particularly in girls (P < .01).Conclusions:This study evidences an inverse relationship between SES and PA levels, and shows the importance of targeting high SES adolescents in intervention programs to enhance health behaviors. Based on these findings, we also suggest that SES must be considered as an important determinant in promoting regular PA and in increasing proportions of adolescents meeting current health-related PA guidelines.

scholarly journals Scaling-up universal financial protection: experience from a tertiary health facility of the impact of perception on the willingness to enrol in health insurance schemes in Delta State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Ufuoma John Ejughemre
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Perception Of Health ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To assess the evidence of how the perception of health insurance impacts on the willingness to enrol and utilize health insurance among clienteles using tertiary health services. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The instrument was a pre-tested, semi-structured self administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics as well as chi-square test and regression analysis were done to show statistically significant associations. Results: The findings reveal that majority of the respondents, that is 109 (46.4%) were of the opinion that health insurance is a viable programme, however they had their reservations, which were those of uncertainty, amongst others. Nevertheless, the perception by most of the respondents showed that they need more information based on their poor experiences of health insurance, and this strengthens their quest to enrol in any such scheme. A sufficiently reliable association between the feeling that they need more information on health insurance and the willingness to enrol in a health insurance scheme (χ2 = 11.690, df = 1, p-value = .001) was shown. Conclusion: The findings from this study has brought to the fore that perception of clients using health services impacts on their desire and willingness to participate in health insurance schemes. However, there are concerns that necessitate wide spread advocacy for health insurance.

scholarly journals Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Otolaryngology Residency Training: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serafín Sánchez-Gómez ◽  
Juan Manuel Maza-Solano ◽  
Luz López-Flórez ◽  
Pablo Parente Arias ◽  
David Lobo Duro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Training ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundTraining in surgical specialties has declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. A study was carried out to further analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on specific aspects of clinical, training, and research activities performed by the otolaryngology residents in Spain.MethodsA cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted during the last two weeks of February 2021. The study consisted of an online survey taken by otolaryngology residents who had undertaken one-year continuing training from February 15, 2020 to February 15, 2021 and consisted of 26 questions exploring the impact of the COVID-19 on the health of the ENT residents and training activities. Categorical variables were reported as frequency and percentage. When indicated, Pearson´s Chi-square test (c2) with Yates´s correction and Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) were used.Results143 completed surveys were received from 264 Residents (54.17%). 36 residents (25.2%) have suffered from the disease due to SARS-CoV-2. Most of them only developed mild symptoms (86.1%), with 3 requiring hospitalization (8.3%). The origin of infection was unknown in all cases and the need for confinement was principally due to either attending an asymptomatic patient in 9 cases (6.3%) or to being in close contact with an asymptomatic person off hospital grounds in 22 (15.4%). 60.1% of the residents surveyed reported having lost more than 6 months of their training period, and in 18.8% of cases, it was as high as 10 and 12 months. There has been a reduction of more than 75% of what was planned in surgical training (p < 0.05) of tympanoplasty, mastoidectomy, stapedectomy, cochlear implants, endoscopic sinonasal and anterior skull base surgery, septoplasty and turbinoplasty.ConclusionsThe decline in ENT activity and residents having to assist in other COVID-19 units during the most critical moments of the pandemic, has caused the main reduction in their training capacity. Virtual activities have been widely accepted, but they have not completely replaced all residents’ training needs. Specialized ENT training should be extended from 6 months to 1 year to ensure adequate training, especially for recovering the surgical Otology and Rhinology hands-on training lost during the pandemic.

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