The evaluation of mandibular bone density in chronic periodontitis models

Background: Bone density, an important factor in functional bone quality, can affect the success of implant osteointegration or orthodontic treatment. A number of studies report that chonic periodontitis constitutes one risk factor of osteoporosis characterized by low bone mineral density and that the mandible is susceptible to osteoporosis. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate mandibular bone density in animal subjects suffering from chronic periodontitis. Methods: 40 male Wistar rats were divided into four chronic periodontitis groups and four control groups (each group n=5). As chronic periodontitis models, the subjects were injected with 2×109 CFU/ml of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the sulcular gingiva, whereas control group members were injected with normal saline. After 2, 3, 4 and 6-week injection periods, the subjects were sacrificed and radiographic examination of the mandibular bone subsequently performed. Mandibular bone density was evaluated by histometric analysis. Results: The mandibular bone density in members of the chronic periodontitis group was significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.05). The reduced mandibular bone density in the chronic periodontitis group was in line with the protracted bouts of periodontitis. Conclusion: Reduced mandibular bone density was found in the chronic periodontitis model. The longer the duration of a bout of chronic periodontitis, the greater the reduction in mandibular bone density.

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Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem-Cell Therapy to Increase the Density of Osteoporotic Mandibular Bone

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1688527 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (01) ◽

pp. 058-063

Author(s):

Nike Hendrijantini ◽

Poedjo Hartono ◽

Muhammad Dimas Aditya Ari ◽

Fedik Abdul Rantan

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Bone Density ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Trabecular Bone ◽

Control Group ◽

Human Umbilical Cord ◽

Bone Area ◽

Mandibular Bone ◽

Trabecular Bone Area

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem-cell (hUCMSC) therapy in increasing osteoporotic mandibular bone density in a rat model by determining changes in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, type 1 collagen, and trabecular bone area after treatment. Materials and Methods This research adopted an experimental posttest-only control group design. Thirty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups, namely, a control group with rats postsham surgery (T1), osteoporotic model postovariectomy rats (T2), postovariectomy rats 4 weeks after gelatin injection (T3), postovariectomy rats 8 weeks after gelatin injection (T4), postovariectomy rats 4 weeks after hUCMSC injection (T5), and postovariectomy rats 8 weeks after hUCMSC injection (T6). The rats were all sacrificed for histological and immunohistochemical examinations of ALP, osteocalcin, type 1 collagen, and trabecular bone area. Results Increased expression of ALP, type 1 collagen, and osteocalcin, as well as increased trabecular bone area, was observed in the treatment groups compared with that in the osteoporotic groups. Conclusion hUCMSCs produce significant osteogenic effects and increase osteoporotic mandibular bone density in the animal model. Increases in bone density are demonstrated by the higher levels of ALP, osteocalcin, and type 1 collagen, as well as increases in the trabecular bone area.

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Relationship among running mileage, bone density, and serum testosterone in male runners

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1992.73.3.1165 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 1165-1170 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

J. D. MacDougall ◽

C. E. Webber ◽

J. Martin ◽

S. Ormerod ◽

A. Chesley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Whole Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Dual Photon Absorptiometry ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Density Measurements

Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between running volume and bone mineral mass in adult male runners. Whole body and regional bone mineral density were determined by dual-photon absorptiometry in 22 sedentary controls and 53 runners who were selected according to their running mileage to fall into a 5- to 10-, 15- to 20-, 25- to 30-, 40- to 55-, or 60- to 75-mile/wk group. All groups were of similar age (20–45 yr) and nutritional status, as determined by 7-day food records. Regional sites for bone density measurements included the trunk, spine, pelvis, thighs, and lower legs. In addition, serum total testosterone was determined in each subject and computed tomography scans were made of the lower legs in 34 subjects to assess bone cross-sectional area. No significant differences were detected for bone density measurements with the exception of the lower legs where it was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater for the 15- to 20-mile/wk group than for the control and 5- to 10-mile/wk groups. With mileage greater than 20 miles/wk, bone density of the lower legs showed no further increase and, in fact, tended to decrease, so that for the 60- to 75-mile/wk group it was similar to that of the controls. Cross-sectional area of the tibia and fibula when normalized to body weight tended to be greater as weekly mileage increased and was significantly greater in the 40- to 55-mile/wk runners than in the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Histological and Radiological Evaluation of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Versus Whole Body Vibration on Healing of Mandibular Bone Defects in Rats

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56090457 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (9) ◽

pp. 457

Author(s):

Milad Etemadi Sh ◽

Nan-Chen Hsieh ◽

Seyed Shahin Movahed Mohammadi ◽

Shahrooz Momeni ◽

Seyed Mohammad Razavi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Whole Body Vibration ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Whole Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Mandibular Bone ◽

Body Vibration ◽

Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Low Intensity

Background and Objectives: Mechanical stimulation can improve the structural properties of the fracture site and induce the differentiation of different cell types for bone regeneration. This study aimed to compare the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) versus whole body vibration (WBV) on healing of mandibular bone defects. Materials and Methods: A mandibular defect was created in 66 rats. The rats were randomly divided into two groups of rats. Each group was subdivided randomly by three groups (n = 11) as follows: (I) control group, (II) treatment with LIPUS, and (III) treatment with WBV. The radiographic changes in bone density, the ratio of lamellar bone to the entire bone volume, the ratio of the newly formed bone to the connective tissue and inflammation grade were evaluated after 1 and 2 months. Results: LIPUS significantly increased the radiographic bone density change compared to the control group at the first and second month postoperatively (p < 0.01). WBV only significantly increased the bone density compared to the control group at the second month after the surgery (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Application of LIPUS and WBV may enhance the regeneration of mandibular bone defects in rats. Although LIPUS and WBV are effective in mandibular bone healing, the effects of LIPUS are faster and greater than WBV.

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Is bone health of young atopic dermatitis patients a significant healthcare problem?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-689559/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sooyoung Kim ◽

Jimi Choi ◽

Moon Kyun Cho ◽

Nam Hoon Kim ◽

Sin Gon Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Bone Health ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Control Group ◽

Z Score ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Control Groups ◽

Femur Neck ◽

And Control

Abstract Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) incidence has increased over the past decades, especially among young adults. However, their bone health has not been clearly elucidated with discordant results. Objective We aimed to investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) measured by double energy X-ray absorptiometry and Z-score at the lumbar spine, femur neck, and total femur to evaluate the risk of osteoporosis in men aged <50 years and premenopausal women with AD.Methods The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2009 data were used in this case-control cohort study. We included young AD patients (aged 19≤ and <50 years) diagnosed by a doctor and compared these patients with 1:5 propensity score weighting controls by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), vitamin D level, and alcohol/smoking status. Results We analyzed 311 (weighted n=817,014) AD patients and 1,555 (weighted n=4,155,855) controls. BMD at the lumbar spine was significantly lower in the male AD group than in the male control group (mean ± SE, 0.989 ± 0.002 vs. 0.954 ± 0.016, P = 0.03) while BMDs at the femur neck and total femur were comparable. For women, BMDs at the three sites were not significantly different between the AD and control groups. Low bone mass (defined by a Z-score of ≤2.0) was not significantly different between the AD and control groups in both sexes. Conclusions Bone health, especially BMD and Z-score, in young AD patients were comparable with those without AD. AD was not a risk factor for low BMD.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF KATUK LEAVES ETHANOL EXTRACT AMOUNT OF OSTEOBLAST AND OSTEOCLAST ON ALVEOLAR BONE IN ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT Research On Alveolar Bone Of Guinea Pigs

10.54052/jhds.v1n1.p38-48 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (Volume 1 No 1) ◽

pp. 38-48

Author(s):

Hillda Herawati ◽

Fahrauk Paramayudh ◽

Rudi Satria Darwis ◽

Sarah Syarifah

Keyword(s):

Guinea Pigs ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bone Remodelling Process ◽

Treatment Research ◽

And Control

The optimal achievement of orthodontic treatment is determined by a bone remodelling process involving osteoblast, osteoclasts, and the estrogen hormone. Estrogen deficiency can increase osteoclast age and decrease osteoblast, resulting in an imbalance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts. One natural alternative that can replace the role of the hormone estrogen is phytoestrogens. Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr (katuk) is a phytoestrogen that contains isoflavones with many similarities with estrogens. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the various doses of ethanol extract of katuk leaves orally on the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This research was conducted using experimental laboratory methods using 24 female Guinea pigs divided into a control group and three groups with various doses of 39.15 mg/BW, 78.3 mg/BW, and 156.5 mg/BW. The observations made in this test were the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts on the alveolar guinea pig on day 14 and analysed using the one way ANOVA test (p <0.05). All guinea pigs have applied a rubber separator to the left incisor and given a dose according to the group, and after 14th days, histological preparations were made. The results showed that the highest number of osteoblasts was at a dose of 78.3 mg/BW, and the lowest number of osteoclasts was at a dose of 39.15 mg/BW with values of 15.03 ± 2.27 and 1.73 ± 0.56, respectively. Statistically, the number of osteoblasts between the treatment and control groups significantly differed (p = 0.04), while the number of osteoclasts between the treatment and control groups had no significant difference (p = 0.228). This study concludes that katuk leaves extract has effectiveness in increasing the number of osteoblasts in orthodontic treatment, while the decrease in osteoclasts is not statistically proven.

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Effects of Dried Plum (Prunes) on Bone Density and Strength in Men

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa040_021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 21-21

Author(s):

Jonnatan Fajardo ◽

Danielle Gaffen ◽

Ashley Eisner ◽

Mark Kern ◽

Shirin Hooshmand

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Human Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Adult Women ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Total Body ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives Traditionally, osteoporosis has been viewed as a disease mostly affecting women, but cases in men are increasing. Fractures due to osteoporosis can lead to a decreased quality of life in vulnerable populations and lead to increased mortality in men. Although several studies of male and female animals and adult women have demonstrated bone protective effects of dried plum (prunes), no human study has evaluated the effect of dried plum on bone health in men. The objective of the current study was to examine the long-term effects of 100 g dried plum on bone density and strength in men. Methods Sixty-six men (50–79 years old) were randomly assigned into two treatment groups for 12 months: (1) 100 g/day of dried plums; (2) control (0 g/day dried plum). Bone mineral density was measured at baseline, 6- and 12-months at the total body, hip, lumbar spine, and ulna via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Evaluation of volumetric bone density and strength of the left tibia occurred at baseline, 6- and 12-months using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Results There were no statistically significant changes in bone mineral density (BMD) from baseline to 6 months and 12 months for total body, spine (L1-L4), right and left hip BMD in the control group (0 g/day dried plum) or 100 g/day dried plum group. Modest beneficial effects of dried plums were observed for changes in bone geometry as detected by pQCT including a tendency for BMD to increase as well as increases in periosteal and endosteal circumferences at the 66% region of the tibia, which may promote greater bone strength. Conclusions Dried plums have the potential to improve bone morphometry of the proximal tibia in healthy adult men when consumed for 12 months. Future studies should examine the impact on men with low bone density to further evaluate the bone protective effects of dried plum in male populations. Funding Sources This study was funded by the California Dried Plum Board.

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Two novel mutations in TCIRG1 induced infantile malignant osteopetrosis: a case report

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02774-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ping Wu ◽

Zhe Cai ◽

Wen-Hui Jiang ◽

Gen Lu ◽

Pei-Qiong Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Exome Sequencing ◽

Whole Exome Sequencing ◽

High Precision ◽

Radiographic Examination ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Novel Mutations ◽

Whole Exome ◽

Malignant Osteopetrosis ◽

Infantile Malignant Osteopetrosis

Abstract Background Infantile malignant osteopetrosis (IMO) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by a higher bone density in bone marrow caused by the dysfunction of bone resorption. Clinically, IMO can be diagnosed with medical examination, bone mineral density test and whole genome sequencing. Case presentation We present the case of a 4-month-old male infant with abnormal skull development, hypocalcemia and premature closure of the cranial sutures. Due to the hyper bone density showed by his radiographic examination, which are characteristic patterns of IMO, we speculated that he might be an IMO patient. In order to confirm this diagnosis, a high-precision whole exome sequencing of the infant and his parents was performed. The analysis of high-precision whole exome sequencing results lead to the identification of two novel heterozygous mutations c.504-1G > C (a splicing site mutation) and c.1371delC (p.G458Afs*70, a frameshift mutation) in gene TCIRG1 derived from his parents. Therefore, we propose that there is a close association between these two mutations and the onset of IMO. Conclusions To date, these two novel mutations in gene TCIRG1 have not been reported in the reference gene database of Chinese population. These variants have likewise not been reported outside of China in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Our case suggests that the use of whole exome sequencing to detect these two mutations will improve the identification and early diagnosis of IMO, and more specifically, the identification of homozygous individuals with TCIRG1 gene mutation. We propose that these mutations in gene TCIRG1 could be a novel therapeutic target for the IMO in the future.

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Changes in the number of macrophage and lymphocyte cells in chronic periodontitis due to dental X-ray exposure

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) ◽

10.20473/j.djmkg.v51.i2.p99-103 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 99 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alhidayati Asymal ◽

Eha Renwi Astuti ◽

Rini Devijanti

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Radiographic Examination ◽

Control Group ◽

X Ray ◽

The Third ◽

Macrophage Cells ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group Ii

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by specific microorganisms that attacks tooth-supporting tissues, P. gingivalis bacteria are mostly found in patients suffering from chronic periodontitis which is usually diagnosed by means of clinical and radiographic examination. The latter play important roles in the management of periodontitis, including: establishing diagnosis, determining treatment plans and evaluating the results of treatment. Unfortunately, the use of X-rays to perform such radiographic examination has negative effects since the body’s various parts, especially the head, are not well protected from the effects of X-ray radiation. Purpose: This research aimed to analyze the effects of dental X-ray exposure on the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in experimental subjects suffering from periodontitis. Methods: 36 rats that had been diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were divided into three groups, namely: a control group, treatment group I (exposed to a 0.16 mSv dose of radiation) and treatment group II (exposed to a 0.32 mSv dose of radiation). These subjects were subsequently sacrificed on the third and fifth days after treatment. Thereafter, histopathological examination was performed to identify any changes in the number of macrophages and lymphocytes. Results: The results of an HSD test confirmed that, on the third day, there were significant differences in the number of lymphocytes between the control group and treatment group I, as well as between the control group and treatment group II. On the fifth day, there were also significant differences in the number of lymphocytes between the control group and treatment group I, as well as between treatment group I and treatment group II. Similarly, there was a significant difference in the number of macrophage cells on the third day between the control group and treatment group I. On the fifth day, there were also significant differences in the number of macrophage cells between the control group and treatment group I, as well as between treatment group I and treatment group II. Conclusion: Dental x-ray exposure at a dose of 0.16 mSv can elevate the number of macrophages and lymphocytes on the third and fifth days. On the other hand, dental x-ray radiation at a dose of 0.32 mSv can reduce the number of macrophages on day 3 as well as the number of lymphocytes on the third and fifth days.

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Effects of removable dental prostheses on mandibular bone density in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients

International Dental Research ◽

10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.29 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (Suppl. 1) ◽

pp. 206-209

Author(s):

Sinan Ateş ◽

Belgin Gülsün

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Whole Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Mandibular Bone ◽

Dental Prostheses ◽

Removable Dental Prostheses ◽

Group A ◽

Native Speakers Of English ◽

Significant Change

Aim: To investigate the effects of removable dental prostheses on mandibular bone density in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. Methodology: The prospective study included 30 female patients aged 45–70 years who had been previously diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The patients had no diseases affecting bone metabolism. The patients were divided into two groups: (i) patients who were using removable dental prostheses (n=15) and (ii) patients who were not using removable dental prostheses (n=15) (the control group). A whole-body dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan was performed to calculate the mandibular bone densities of the patients. Results: The use of removable mandibular prostheses did not cause a significant change in mandibular bone density. Conclusion: The fact that removable mandibular prostheses did not cause a significant change in mandibular bone density could be because the patients started using the removable prostheses long after they lost their teeth. How to cite this article: Akın Tartuk G, Kaya S. The effect of different final irrigation solutions on apical impermeability. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):201-5. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.28 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

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Effectiveness of Forgiveness Skill on Worry and Hopelessness in Women Victims of Sexual Abuse in Childhood

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2019/v27i430175 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Shahrbanoo Ghahari ◽

Neda Naeimi ◽

Zahra Azemnia ◽

Mohammad Mazloumirad ◽

Susan Salari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Abuse ◽

Women Victims ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Major Health ◽

Group Members ◽

Victims Of Sexual Abuse ◽

And Control

Sexual abuse is a major health problem and trauma if encountered in childhood. This study was conducted about the Effectiveness, Forgiveness skill on worry and hopelessness in Women Victims of sexual abuse in childhood. This is a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest as well as control and test groups. 30 depressed women who reported a sexual abuse by relative and referred to several psychological clinics in Tehran in 2017 were studied. Studied sample consisted of 30 women who were selected randomly (how the author has used random sampling) (the author should have used purposive sampling rather than random) and signed into two 15-member experimental and control groups. Sample members of test group were under intervention individually within 12 sessions with forgiveness approach and control group members were remained in waiting list. Both of groups filled out worry and hopelessness scale in baseline and after intervention. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis through IBM SPSS 22.0 software. Results obtained from study indicate difference between worry and hopelessness level of women victims of sexual abuse in control and experimental groups after forgiveness training. Forgiveness skill is effective in reducing worry and hopelessness in women victims of sexual abuse in childhood.

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