scholarly journals Analisis Daya Saing Komparatif dan Kompetitif Ekspor Komoditas Batu Bara Tiga Negara Berkembang (Indonesia, Afrika Selatan dan Kolombia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Sifa Yulia ◽  
Ika Chandriyanti
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Trade Specialization ◽  
The World ◽  
Data Analysis Methods ◽  
Balassa Index

Coal is a fuel made from fossils, which hold an essential part of the energy for power plants and serves as a staple fuel for steel and cement production. Indonesia, South Africa, and Colombia are developing countries that took part in the largest coal exporters in the world. The purpose of this study is to analyze the three developing countries in coal exporting competitiveness, Indonesia, South Africa, and Colombia, in terms of comparative advantage or competitive advantage and times of the trade specialization index, as well as compare the exports and imports of coal from the three countries and export developments. This study will be using secondary data within a period of fifteen years (2004 – 2018). The data analysis methods used in this study are based on the Balassa Index of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and the Trade Specialization Index (TSI). The research from RCA showed that Indonesia doesn’t have a comparative advantage in contrast to South Africa, but Indonesia has a comparative advantage collated with Colombia. Based on the study held by TSI, the three developing countries are presumed to have strong competitiveness and tend to succeed in becoming coal exporting countries.

scholarly journals The Competitiveness of Travel and Tourism Industry of Sub-Saharan African Countries in the World Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 10(1) (10(1)) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Bogale ◽  
Muluken Ayalew ◽  
Wubishet Mengesha
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Market ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Ssa Countries

The purpose of this study was to investigate competitiveness of Travel and Tourism industry of Sub-Saharan African countries in the world market. The study used Normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage (NRCA) and Relative Trade Advantage (RTA) indexes as a measure of competitiveness based on secondary data from ITC trade database covering between 2000 and 2019. The findings of the study revealed that SSA countries like Mauritius, South Africa, Seychelles and Namibia have competitive T&T industry consistently in the years between 2000 and 2019. However, SSA countries such as Botswana, Tanzania, Senegal, Kenya and Rwanda have competitiveness vary by years. Moreover, South Africa has highest comparative advantage followed by Tanzania and Mauritius. The study provided valuable information to industry leaders, policy makers, business owners and international organizations such as UN and UNESCO to design appropriate strategies and systems aiming to sustain and improve travel and tourism industry competitiveness in SSA countries. It is the first study in applying NRCA and RTA indexes to investigate the competitiveness of T&T Industry in SSA countries. Keywords: Competitiveness; export; import; performance; tourism; travel

Adoption of E-Government in Africa

2014 ◽  
pp. 101-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priti Jain ◽  
Akakandelwa Akakandelwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Present State ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Government Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Citizen Empowerment

Increasingly, the importance of e-government is growing owing to higher quality delivery of government services, improved citizen empowerment through access to e-information, and better interactions between governments and their stakeholders. Despite all this recognition and appreciation of e-government, there is slow uptake and high failure of e-government in developing countries. A huge imbalance still remains between developed and developing countries, specifically in Africa because of numerous impediments. Africa lags far behind all other regions in the world. Some African countries have initiated e-government, such as Ghana, Nigeria, and South Africa, yet others have not taken any initiative or are very slow in realizing its full take off, for instance, Tanzania, Botswana, and Zambia. In light of the above background, the main purpose of this chapter is to determine the challenges and based on the findings make recommendations for adoption of E-Government in Arica. The chapter reviews the theoretical underpinning of E-Government as a tool for modernizing public administration; examines the present state of e-government in Africa; highlights the challenges and barriers African countries encounter in their quest to develop E-Government; reviews the role of public libraries in E-Government, and finally, makes recommendations for E-Government adoption in Africa and other developing countries.

scholarly journals The competitiveness and comparative advantage of the Slovak and the EU agri-food trade with Russia and Ukraine

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Qineti ◽  
M. Rajcaniova ◽  
E. Matejkova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Trade Specialization ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Balassa Index ◽  
The Eu

The paper investigates comparative advantages and competitiveness of Slovak and the EU 27 agri-food trade in markets of two countries: Russia and Ukraine. Our aim is to see the dynamics of the agri-food trade for the analyzed countries especially in the post-accession period. Applying a trade dataset from the EUROSTAT and based on the approach applied by Bojnec and Fertő (2006), we describe the pattern of agri-food trade in Slovakia and the EU using the Balassa index. The extent of trade specialization exhibits a declining trend in the country. It has lost comparative advantage for a number of product groups over time. The indices of specialization have tended to converge. For the particular product groups, the indices display a greater variation. They are stable for the product groups with comparative disadvantage, but the product groups with strong comparative advantage show a significant variation. There are also shown different tendencies for different markets i.e. the trade patterns between the Slovak Republic and the EU 27 with Russia and Ukraine.

scholarly journals Enhancing accountability in public–private partnerships in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Fombad
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Public Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Service ◽  
Alternative Service Delivery ◽  
Societal Problems

South Africa, like other developing countries, has joined other nations around the world in resorting to public–private partnerships (PPPs) as an integral strategy to improve its deeply rooted socio-economic, political, fiscal and societal problems and to meet the pressure of attaining the goals of national and international developmental projects. In spite of the reasons advanced for the importance of PPPs as an alternative service-delivery option, several doubts about the efficacy of accountability and suggestions that it may undermine public control have been expressed. Given the importance of accountability, this paper seeks to determine some approaches to enhance accountability in public–private partnerships in South Africa. It identifies some of the accountability challenges and suggests ways of overcoming them.

scholarly journals Measurement of Global Competitiveness of Non-Wood Forest Products (NWFPs): The Case of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadir Ersen
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
The World ◽  
Paint Industry ◽  
Day By Day

Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) contribute economically to all countries in the world and they are an important source of income, especially for people living in or near the forest. They are also used in many sectors such as medicine, chemistry and paint industry. In this respect, the importance of NWFPs is increasing day by day. In this research, the comparative advantage of NWFPs of Turkey was analyzed. It was used revealed comparative advantage (RCA), relative trade advantage (RTA), and revealed competitiveness (RC) in the analysis of research. The research is based on secondary data and was used for 2008-2019 period. As a result, Turkey has a strong competitiveness in NWFPs between years 2008 and 2019. When non-wood forest products are examined at subgroup level, Turkey has a comparative advantage in 8 product groups. Key words: NWFPs, comparative advantage, trade; exports

scholarly journals A comparison of rural crimes in Australia (NSW) and South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willie Johannes Clack
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Levels

Rural criminology as a topic of scholarly study, neglected over the past two to three decades, has bounced into the spotlight, with claims now being made that rural criminology is receiving justified attention among the academic fraternity. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the major challenge facing two countries with different levels of development as identified by the United Nations Human Development Index. A predicament for rural criminology is that the world is not equal: rural crimes is researched in developed countries but not in developing countries. This paper compares the types and prevalence of agricultural crimes in Australia (NSW) and South Africa to determine whether significant differences or similarities exist.

Global Software Team and Inexperienced Software Team

2011 ◽  
pp. 1671-1677
Author(s):  
Kim Man Lui ◽  
Keith C.C. Chan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Software Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Team ◽  
Software Teams ◽  
Software Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
Software Team

Given that the number of qualified programmers cannot be increased drastically and rapidly, software managers in most parts of the world will likely have to live with a human resources shortage in this area for some time. One way of dealing with this shortage is to form global software teams in which members are recruited from all over the world and software is developed in a distributed manner. Forming such a global software teams can have many advantages. In addition to alleviating the problems caused by scarcity of human resources, programmers on a global team would be free to work without being confined by physical location. Although forming global software teams may increase the size of the pool of programmers that can be recruited, both team quality and software quality are issues of great concern. Some software companies would prefer to establish a global software team with software programmers in developing countries, such as China, Poland, and South Africa (Sanford, 2003). Given the tremendous salary gap between skilled and unskilled developers or between developed and developing countries, it is not difficult to see that maintaining a team with a proportion of less experienced members significantly reduces running expenses (Figure 1). On the other hand, however, it would present the problem of managing inexperienced programmers. This chatper shares our experience of managing inexperienced software teams in China. To simplify our discussion, we deal separately with the two topics of inexperienced software teams and global software teams. However, it should be noted that a global software team can be composed of both inexperienced and experienced software subteams. We categorize the problems in these two types of software teams which will help software managers learn more how to manage the two types of software teams.

Adoption of E-Government in Africa

2015 ◽  
pp. 1070-1092
Author(s):  
Priti Jain ◽  
Akakandelwa Akakandelwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Present State ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Government Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Citizen Empowerment

Increasingly, the importance of e-government is growing owing to higher quality delivery of government services, improved citizen empowerment through access to e-information, and better interactions between governments and their stakeholders. Despite all this recognition and appreciation of e-government, there is slow uptake and high failure of e-government in developing countries. A huge imbalance still remains between developed and developing countries, specifically in Africa because of numerous impediments. Africa lags far behind all other regions in the world. Some African countries have initiated e-government, such as Ghana, Nigeria, and South Africa, yet others have not taken any initiative or are very slow in realizing its full take off, for instance, Tanzania, Botswana, and Zambia. In light of the above background, the main purpose of this chapter is to determine the challenges and based on the findings make recommendations for adoption of E-Government in Arica. The chapter reviews the theoretical underpinning of E-Government as a tool for modernizing public administration; examines the present state of e-government in Africa; highlights the challenges and barriers African countries encounter in their quest to develop E-Government; reviews the role of public libraries in E-Government, and finally, makes recommendations for E-Government adoption in Africa and other developing countries.

scholarly journals Impact of sporadic reporting of poultry Salmonella serovars from selected developing countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elie K Barbour ◽  
Danielle B Ayyash ◽  
Wafa Alturkistni ◽  
Areej Alyahiby ◽  
Soonham Yaghmoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Paratyphi B ◽  
Salmonella Serovars ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Foodborne Infections

This review documents the sporadic reporting of poultry Salmonella serovars in South Africa, Egypt, Indonesia, India, and Romania, five countries selected based on the importance of their distribution in different regions of the world and their cumulative significant population size of 1.6 billion. South Africa reported contamination of its poultry carcasses by S. Hadar, S. Blockley, S. Irumu, and S. Anatum. Results from Egypt showed that S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium were predominant in poultry along with other non-typhoid strains, namely S. Infantis, S. Kentucky, S. Tsevie, S. Chiredzi, and S. Heidelberg. In Indonesia, the isolation of Salmonella Typhi was the main focus, while other serovars included S. Kentucky, S. Typhimurium, and S. Paratyhi C. In India, S. Bareilly was predominant compared to S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Paratyphi B, S. Cerro, S. Mbandaka, S. Molade, S. Kottbus, and S. Gallinarum. Romania reported two Salmonella serovars in poultry that affect humans, namely S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium, and other non-typhoid strains including S. Infantis, S. Derby, S. Colindale, S. Rissen, S. Ruzizi, S. Virchow, S. Brandenburg, S. Bredeney, S. Muenchen, S. Kortrijk, and S. Calabar. The results showed the spread of different serovars of Salmonella in those five developing countries, which is alarming and emphasizes the urgent need for the World Health Organization Global Foodborne Infections Network (WHO-GFN) to expand its activities to include more strategic participation and partnership with most developing countries in order to protect poultry and humans from the serious health impact of salmonellosis.

scholarly journals Comparative Advantage Analysis and Products Mapping of Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam Export Products

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhmad Jayadi JDE
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Export Product ◽  
Balance Index

The research aims to answer some questions. First, what kind of export product groups that the six countries have comparative advantage? Second, is therea shifting on its comparative advantage? Third, what is the relationship between six countries? Data used in this study is secondary data which published by the World Integrated Solution (WITS) of World Bank, from 1997 to 2014. Analytical tools applied are products mapping using Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Trade Balance Index (TBI). The results of this study showed as follows: first, on average, the comparative advantage of six countries increase. Second, Thailand and Vietnam’s comparative advantage and trade balance changes seems more dynamic than those of other four countries. Third, there is competition and complementary amongst six countries. 

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