scholarly journals Belarus: Political Situation around the Presidential Election – 2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
S. Astakhova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Protest Activity

The elections of the President of Belarus were held on August 9, 2020. According to official reports the current President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko won them in the first round of voting. The election campaign was extremely tense. Throughout it, protest moods were growing in the Belarusian society. The reason for the mass protests was distrust of the electoral system of the Republic. The harsh actions of law enforcement agencies to disperse demonstrators caused an outraged reaction in the Belarusian society, which led to an increase in protest activity. After Lukashenko's appeal on August 17, 2020 to workers at enterprises that went on strike, civil society activity declined – the transfer of power did not take place. The development of the situation in the future largely depends on the position that the newly elected President Lukashenko will take.

scholarly journals A Conceptual Model of Activities of the State and Military Administration Bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Countering Terrorism

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Baurzhan Abzhanov
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Military Security ◽  
Law Enforcement Officials ◽  
The Republic

One of the main objectives of the research is to identify the contradictions and problems in improving the system of countering terrorism in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In order to solve these problems, a model for identifying threats and a conceptual model of the activities of the state and military administration bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan on countering the threats of terrorism were developed in the research. In the developed conceptual model on the activities of the state and military administration bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan on countering terrorism, responsibility for the state and ensuring many aspects of military security and countering terrorism should be not only on the state represented by law enforcement agencies, but also the civil society itself, not only law enforcement officials, but also the most active, authoritative citizens and their associations.

THE USE OF VIRTUAL REALITY TECHNOLOGY IN THE TRAINING OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Сергей Александрович Грязнов
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Virtual Reality Technology ◽  
Traditional Training ◽  
The Future

Несколько лет назад об идее обучения сотрудников правоохранительных органов посредством виртуальной реальности (VR) не могло быть и речи, прежде всего, из-за высокой стоимости данной технологии. Сегодня виртуальная реальность стала технически зрелой, затраты снизились, а технологии широко распространились по многим профессиям. Можно уверенно сказать, что правоохранительным органам нужны лидеры, обладающие навыками и компетенциями XXI в., выходящими за рамки традиционного обучения. Целью данной статьи является рассмотрение (на зарубежном примере) важности применения технологии виртуальной реальности для обучения сотрудников правоохранительных органов. Автором сделан вывод о том, что использование виртуальной реальности в обучении - это наиболее эффективный способ передачи информации. Данные технологии обучения можно использовать для безопасного повышения квалификации, чтобы в будущем избежать реальных рисков. A few years ago, the idea of training law enforcement officers through virtual reality (VR) was out of the question, primarily because of the high cost of this technology. Today, virtual reality has become technically mature, costs have decreased, and technology has spread widely across many professions. We can confidently say that law enforcement agencies need leaders with skills and competencies of the 21st-century that go beyond traditional training. The purpose of this article is to consider (on a foreign example) the importance of using virtual reality technology for training law enforcement officers. The author concluded that the use of virtual reality in training is the most effective way of transmitting information. These training technologies can be used for safe professional development in order to avoid real risks in the future.

scholarly journals TOPICAL ISSUES OF PROFESSIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SUITABILY IN THE SYSTEM OF THE MIA OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Somon Latifzoda
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Psychological Diagnostics

This article discusses the main problems and issues of professional and psychological suitability in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan. The analysis of the existing scientific literature was carried out, and also the author's recommendations were formulated to improve the professional training and professional suitability of the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Along with the professional training of police officers, their psychological qualities also play a decisive role in ensuring efficiency in operational-search activities. The quality and effectiveness of the implementation of operational-search activities, then its level directly depends on the psychological characteristics of the operative and his professional training. It should be noted that scientifically grounded conclusions about the professional and psychological suitability of employees can only be achieved with the help of high-quality and correct psychological diagnostics, that is, using psychometric methods. The basis for the survey of professional and psychological suitability, the procedure, procedure, conditions and terms of the survey, cases of re-examination are determined by regulatory legal acts. Consequently, the research and scientifically grounded measures to determine professional suitability in the internal affairs bodies of the Republic of Tajikistan are relevant, and the scientifically grounded results obtained as a result of our research can be used to further improve the professional and psychological selection to the law enforcement agencies of the country.

DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANISMS OF INFLUENCE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ON STATE REGULATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Zhukova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Enforcement Activity ◽  
Regulation Of Law

The role and significance of the influence of civil society on the processes of state regulation of law enforcement activities are revealed. The key aspects of state regulation of law enforcement activity under the condition of active influence of civil society representatives on it are revealed. The main factors of the influence of civil society on the activity of law enforcement bodies, which play an important role in the processes of ensuring the proper functioning of the system of state regulation of law enforcement activities in Ukraine, are substantiated. It is substantiated that in order to effectively perform the tasks assigned to law enforcement agencies, these structures interact with representatives of the public sector. It is proved that interaction with civil society of the law enforcement system is an important aspect to increase the effectiveness of these bodies in ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, public order and security, the interests of society and the state, as well as combating crime. Conclusions are formed regarding the content of new approaches to the organization of law enforcement agencies' work with the population, public organizations and local self-government bodies in the field of law enforcement. The complex of the existing administrative measures for achievement of the maximum efficiency of functioning of system of the state regulation of law enforcement activity in a foreshortening of influence of representatives of civil society on it is considered. Current trends and priority areas for improving the mechanisms of civil society influence on state regulation of law enforcement, in particular, the administrative and legal direction on a partnership basis, are outlined.

scholarly journals Kryzys konstytucyjny w Estonii w 2016 r.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Zackiewicz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Electoral College ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
The Republic

By law, the president of modern Estonia is elected indirectly by parliament or, in the absence of a decision in three consecutive votes, by a specially appointed electoral college. In 2016, Estonia experienced an unprecedented political crisis resulting from the impossibility of appointing the head of state according to the procedure specified in the constitution. It was determined both by more general factors related to the electoral system itself, as well as the specificity of Estonia's political life in the second decade of the 21st century. The 2016 presidential election proved to be a complicated game involving major political parties, going well beyond simply appointing a new head of state. The purpose of this article is to discuss the origins, course and immediate effects of these events, culminating in the unexpected election of Kersti Kaljulaid to the office of President of the Republic.

scholarly journals Classification System of Crimes in Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1094-1101
Author(s):  
Nargizakhon Rakhimjonovna Rakhimjonova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Legal Professionals ◽  
General Part ◽  
The Republic

For many years, the issue of classification of crimes has been in the focus of attention of legal professionals, in particular, legal scholars, experts, law enforcement agencies. The reason is that it is through the classification of crimes that a socially dangerous act committed can be punished and the purpose of the punishment can be achieved. The system of classification of crimes is a list of crimes provided for in the Criminal Code, arranged in a certain order, depending on the severity of the crime. This article illustrates classification system of crimes according to the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan. There are given essential statistics on each type of crime and the importance of classification system of crimes in applying the norms of General Part of the Criminal Code of Uzbekistan.

scholarly journals Naida noziegumi Latvijā: kriminālatbildība un piemērotie sodi

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Ēriks Treļs
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
The State ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Published Report ◽  
The Republic

2019. gada 5. martā Eiropas Komisija pret rasismu un neiecietību (The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance, ECRI) publicēja Piekto ziņojumu par Latviju. Tajā, atsaucoties uz Tiesībsarga biroja un nevalstisko organizāciju sniegto informāciju, norādīts, ka naida kurināšanas upuri bieži vien neinformē policiju par notikušo, jo viņiem nav pārliecības par tiesībaizsardzības iestāžu vēlmi vai spēju efektīvi izmeklēt šos notikumus, tādēļ tiek rekomendēts Valsts policijai izveidot speciālu struktūrvienību darbam ar mazāk aizsargātajām sabiedrības grupām. Iepriekšējā ziņojumā, kas tika publicēts 2012. gada 21. februārī, ECRI norādīja, ka par šāda veida noziegumiem piespriestie sodi (ar dažiem izņēmumiem, kad tika piemēroti sodi, kas saistīti ar brīvības atņemšanu) Latvijā ir pārāk saudzīgi. Rakstā tiek skaidrots, kā šajā jomā mainījusies situācija pēc ECRI Ceturtā ziņojuma publicēšanas. The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) on 5 March 2019 published Report on Latvia (fifth monitoring cycle). Non-governmental organisations, minority representatives and Ombudsman of the Republic of Latvia indicated to ECRI that victims of hate speech do not often report incidents to the police due to lack of trust in the willingness or ability of the law enforcement agencies to investigate these cases effectively. ECRI recommends, as a matter of priority, that the authorities establish a unit within the State Police tasked with reaching out to vulnerable groups in order to increase trust in the police and address the problem of under-reporting of hate crimes. In 2012, the ECRI pointed out that penalties for racist violence (with a few exceptions, the imposition of custodial penalties) in Latvia are too lenient. Therefore, the author offers his vision of the actual situation and how things have changed since the fourth ECRI Report on Latvia.

scholarly journals BANTUAN HUKUM TIMBAL BALIK DALAM TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Gede Yogi Arthani ◽  
Made Emy Andayani Citra
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Reform ◽  
Transnational Crime ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Business And Society ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Mutual Legal Assistance ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

<p><em>Ilicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs is carried out by international networks operating in several countries. Ilicit traffic in narcotic drugs results in huge financial and wealth gains that enable transnational crime organizations to penetrate, pollute and undermine the structure of government, legitimate commercial and financial business, and society at all levels. In dealing with this situation, Indonesia harmonizes the law through mutual legal assistance arrangements. In this study two issues will be discussed namely legal reform through mutual legal assistance and mutual legal assistance in narcotics crimes.</em></p><p><em>Legal reform is a policy carried out by a country to deal with the situation that occurs in the country. The development of transnational crime was responded by the state through a policy of mutual legal assistance as outlined in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2006 concerning Reciprocal Assistance in Criminal Matters. Cooperation between countries in the process of law enforcement needs to be done to tackle the crime of trafficking in narcotics. Ilicit traffic in narcotic drugs is carried out by involving several countries. Reciprocal legal assistance in narcotics crimes can be implemented in three ways, namely diplomatic channels, through central authorities and through direct cooperation between law enforcement agencies.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: <em>Mutual legal assistance, Ilicit Traffic, Narcotic Drugs</em></p>

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