scholarly journals Response of seven tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars produced in Benin to salinity stress at young plant stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Eliane Kinsou ◽  
Armel Mensah ◽  
David K. Montcho Hambada ◽  
Séraphin Ahissou Zanklan ◽  
Agapit Wouyou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Young Plant ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

In this study, we evaluated the salt resistance level of seven tomato cultivars Akikon, Tounvi, Thorgal, F1 Mongal, Padma, Petomech and TLCV15 at young plant stage. The experiment was laid out as a Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with four replications in a greenhouse. Three-week old plants from the seven cultivars were submitted in pots containing a mixture of potting soil and sand to five NaCl concentrations: 0; 30; 60; 90 and 120 mM NaCl corresponding respectively to an electric conductivity of 0.221; 3.827; 6.47; 10.56 and 14.02 dS.m-1 by irrigation every two days. Plant growth parameters were evaluated after two weeks. Salt effect caused a reduction of young plant growth whatever the growth parameter considered with a significant difference among cultivars. Growth of cultivars Padma, Akikon and Petomech was more affected by salt stress with two or three growth parameters significantly reduced at 30 mM NaCl whereas no growth parameter was significantly affected at less than 60 mM NaCl for cultivars Thorgal and Tounvi. Thus, cultivars Akikon, Petomech and Padma appeared as the most sensitive to salt stress. In contrast, cultivars Tounvi and Thorgal appeared as the most salt-resistant. Cultivars F1 Mongal and TLCV15 had intermediary behavior.

scholarly journals Response of three tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) cultivars produced in Benin to salinity stress at germination and young plant stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 8-21
Author(s):  
Belvida Loko ◽  
Koffi David Hambada Montcho ◽  
Armel Clément Goudjo Mensah ◽  
Mahougnon Baudouin Geoffroy Gouveitcha ◽  
Agapit Wouyou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Young Plant ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Salt Tolerance Index

The response of three tossa jute cultivars Ordinaire, 5-Doigts and Acc : Sud 2 to salt stress was evaluated at germination and young plant stages. Five NaCl concentrations: 0; 30; 60; 90 and 120 mM NaCl were used. Seeds were submitted to NaCl in petri dishes and germination was checked every day during thirty days in a completely randomized design with four replicates. Four-week old plants were submitted in pots to the same five NaCl concentrations by irrigation every two days for two weeks in screen house. NaCl reduced seed germination rate in all cultivars from day 2 to day 30 and the germination index. At the end of the 30 days, salt stress reduced the final germination percentages with a significant difference among cultivars: cultivar 5-doigts was the least affected than the two other cultivars. Salt effect caused a reduction of young plant growth whatever the growth parameter considered with a significant difference among cultivars. The growth of cultivar Acc:Sud 2 was more affected by salt stress with the lowest salt tolerance index whereas that of cultivar Ordinaire was the least affected with the highest salt tolerance index. Thus, cultivar 5-Doigts appeared as the most resistant to salt stress at germination stage among the three cultivars; whereas cultivar Ordinaire followed by 5-Doigts was the most salt resistant at young plant stage.

Effect of rhizobacteria strains on the induction of resistance in barley genotypes against Cochliobolus sativus

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Barley Genotypes

SummaryEnhancement of the resistance level in plants by rhizobacteria has been proven in several pathosystems. This study investigated the ability of four rhizobacteria strains (Pseudomonas putida BTP1 and Bacillus subtilis Bs2500, Bs2504 and Bs2508) to promote the growth in three barley genotypes and protect them against Cochliobolus sativus. Our results demonstrated that all tested rhizobacteria strains had a protective effect on barley genotypes Arabi Abiad, Banteng and WI2291. However, P. putida BTP1 and B. subtilis Bs2508 strains were the most effective as they reduced disease incidence by 53 and 38% (mean effect), respectively. On the other hand, there were significant differences among the rhizobacteria-treated genotypes on plant growth parameters, such as wet weight, dry weight, plant height and number of leaves. Pseudomonas putida BTP1 strain was the most effective as it significantly increased plant growth by 15-32%. In addition, the susceptible genotypes Arabi Abiad and WI2291 were the most responsive to rhizobacteria. This means that these genotypes have a high potential for increase of their resistance against the pathogen and enhancement of plant growth after the application of rhizobacteria. Consequently, barley seed treatment with the tested rhizobacteria could be considered as an effective biocontrol method against C. sativus.

scholarly journals Influence of salt stress on plants of poplar clone "INRA 353-38" and willow clone "Zhytomyrska-1" in in vitro culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Yu. Khoma ◽  
L. Khudolieieva ◽  
N. Kutsokon
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Abiotic Factor

Soil salinization is an important abiotic factor negatively affecting plant growth, development and productivity. Fast-growing poplar and willow trees are important plants for bioenergy production demonstrating varying degrees of adaptation to different habitats. The study of salt resistance in different clones of poplars and willows will reveal genotypes that can be planted in saline soils for producing biomass for the bioenergy industry. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effects of salt stress on poplar plants of clone 'INRA 353-38' (Populus tremula × P. tremuloides) and willow clone 'Zhytomyrska – 1' (Salix sp.) under in vitro culture. For this purpose the plants were cultivated on MS nutrient medium with the addition of sodium chloride in concentrations 25 mM, 50 mM and 100 mM. The control plants were grown on the sodium chloridefree medium. The plant status (with a 4-score scale), the intensity of their growth (by shoot length) and rooting capacity (by the number of roots) were assessed on the 10th and the 30th day of cultivation. The results obtained indicate a high level of sensitivity to sodium chloride of both studied clones under in vitro cultivation. But the willow 'Zhytomyrska – 1' had a higher sensitivity to salt stress comparing to hybrid polar 'ІNRA 353-38' since growth parameters of willow were significantly decreased even under the concentration of sodium chloride 50 mM, and in the case of short term influence (10 days) of the highest concentration of sodium chloride (100 mM) all willow plants terminated their growth and quickly died. The growth parameters of hybrid poplar were declined within a month, mainly under the highest concentration of sodium chloride, but even under such conditions some part of the shoots were able to survive.

scholarly journals Growth, Protein and Energy Intake in Children with PKU Taking a Weaning Protein Substitute in the First Two Years of Life: A Case-Control Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Evans ◽  
Anne Daly ◽  
Jo Wildgoose ◽  
Barbara Cochrane ◽  
Satnam Chahal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Protein Substitute ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Control Study

Growth issues have been observed in young children with phenylketonuria (PKU), but studies are conflicting. In infancy, there is an increasing trend to introduce a second-stage semi-solid weaning protein substitute (WPS) but there is concern that this may not meet energy requirements. In this longitudinal, prospective study, 20 children with PKU transitioning to a WPS, and 20 non-PKU controls were observed monthly from weaning commencement (4–6 months) to 12 m and at 15, 18 and 24 months of age for: weight, length, head circumference, body mass index (BMI), energy and macronutrient intake. Growth parameters were within normal range at all ages in both groups with no significant difference in mean z-scores except for accelerated length in the PKU group. No child with PKU had z-scores < −2 for any growth parameter at age 2 years. Total protein and energy intake in both groups were similar at all ages; however, from 12–24 months in the PKU group, the percentage of energy intake from carbohydrate increased (60%) but from fat decreased (25%) and inversely for controls (48% and 36%). In PKU, use of low volume WPS meets Phe-free protein requirements, facilitates transition to solid foods and supports normal growth. Further longitudinal study of growth, body composition and energy/nutrient intakes in early childhood are required to identify any changing trends.

Isolation and identification of salt-tolerant plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria and their application for rice cultivation under salt stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Sultana ◽  
Sumonta C. Paul ◽  
Samia Parveen ◽  
Saiful Alam ◽  
Naziza Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Growth and productivity of rice are negatively affected by soil salinity. However, some salt-tolerant rhizosphere-inhabiting bacteria can improve salt resistance of plants, thereby augmenting plant growth and production. Here, we isolated a total of 53 plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from saline and non-saline areas in Bangladesh where electrical conductivity was measured as >7.45 and <1.80 dS/m, respectively. Bacteria isolated from saline areas were able to grow in a salt concentration of up to 2.60 mol/L, contrary to the isolates collected from non-saline areas that did not survive beyond 854 mmol/L. Among the salt-tolerant isolates, Bacillus aryabhattai, Achromobacter denitrificans, and Ochrobactrum intermedium, identified by comparing respective sequences of 16S rRNA using the NCBI GenBank, exhibited a higher amount of atmospheric nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and indoleacetic acid production at 200 mmol/L salt stress. Salt-tolerant isolates exhibited greater resistance to heavy metals and antibiotics, which could be due to the production of an exopolysaccharide layer outside the cell surface. Oryza sativa L. fertilized with B. aryabhattai MS3 and grown under 200 mmol/L salt stress was found to be favoured by enhanced expression of a set of at least four salt-responsive plant genes: BZ8, SOS1, GIG, and NHX1. Fertilization of rice with osmoprotectant-producing PGPR, therefore, could be a climate-change-preparedness strategy for coastal agriculture.

scholarly journals Effects of Talaromyces purpureogenus on Cucumber Growth Promotion and Its Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao L ◽  
◽  
Zhao W ◽  
Deng H ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Iaa Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting

Some fungi may promote plant growth by production of siderophores, Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) and phosphorus dissolving capability. In this study, eight fungi were isolated from the mushroom substrate, and their siderophores production, IAA production and phosphorus dissolving traits were determined. Although there was no significant difference in IAA production among the eight fungi, but the strain M13026-2 was a fungus with strong growth promoting traits compared with other seven fungi. In order to study the correlation between the growth promoting effect of cucumber pot culture and the above three traits, five fungi with different strength of traits were tested in pot. As a result, M13026- 2 which was identified as Talaromyces purpureogenus could significantly improve the growth parameters of cucumber seedlings, and could colonize in the rhizosphere soil and the tissue of cucumber stably. All the results suggested that the most relevant to their ability to promote plant growth is the trait of phosphorus dissolving, followed by siderophores production. The results of this study will provide scientific basis for the efficient selection and identification of a large number of fungi resources with the function of promoting plant growth, and reveal the good application potential of T. purpureogenus in agriculture fields.

Glyphosate Can Reduce Glyphosate-resistant Canola Growth After Individual or Sequential Applications

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian S. Schilling ◽  
K. Neil Harker ◽  
Jane R. King
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Shoot Weight

Greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine whether multiple applications of glyphosate and time of glyphosate application with regard to the crop's growth stage had a significant effect on the growth and development of glyphosate-resistant canola. Glyphosate was applied as single applications at the two-, four-, or six-leaf stage of canola; as sequential double applications at the two- and four-, two- and six-, and four- and six-leaf stages of canola; and as a triple application at all three stages. Of the plant growth parameters measured, single applications of glyphosate resulted in significant reductions to stem weight and shoot weight compared with nontreated plants, and multiple applications of glyphosate caused significant reductions to leaf area, leaf weight, stem weight, and shoot weight. Single applications of glyphosate were less injurious to glyphosate-resistant canola compared with multiple applications, and canola growth parameter reductions were greatest after earlier glyphosate applications.

scholarly journals Selenium-induced improvements in the ornamental value and salt stress resistance of Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R. Br.

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-221
Author(s):  
Barbara Hawrylak-Nowak ◽  
Katarzyna Rubinowska ◽  
Jolanta Molas ◽  
Weronika Woch ◽  
Renata Matraszek-Gawron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Salt Stress Resistance

AbstractOrnamental plants growing in urban areas are often exposed to salt stress that negatively affects their decorative value. Enhancement of their salt resistance to retain a high decorative value despite salt stress has therefore high practical importance. In our study, the exposure of Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R. Br. to NaCl-induced moderate (40 mM) or severe salt stress (80 mM) resulted in a number of stress responses including reduced growth parameters, decreased concentration of photosynthetic pigments, and an increase in the accumulation of anthocyanins and free proline. These changes were partially compensated for by the application of selenium (5 µM as Na2SeO4) to the growth medium. However, the beneficial effect of selenium on the growth and physiological parameters of P. scutellarioides was manifested only at the moderate level of salt stress. Under the severe salt stress, the application of selenium was not able to alleviate the phytotoxic effect of NaCl.

scholarly journals Diversity in growth and expression pattern of PoHKT1 and PoVHA transporter genes under NaCl stress in Portulaca oleracea taxa

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-248
Author(s):  
R. El-Bakatoushi ◽  
A. Elframawy
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Plant growth and the expression of two transporter genes; PoHKT1 and PoVHA transcripts in root and shoot tissues were studied under salt stress of three Portulaca oleracea s.l. taxa. The study showed no significant differences in ratios between root lengths in saline and non-saline treatments of the three taxa, which was correlated with a clear down-regulation of the PoHKT1 transcripts in the root after 150mM NaCl. All measured growth parameters except root length increased in P. oleraceae, decreased in P. granulatostellulata and remain unchanged after 100mM NaCl in P. nitida compared to control under saline conditions. The result was consistent with the type of taxon which had significant effect on the shoot length, number of leaves and dry weight (P< 0.05). All measured growth parameters except root length showed a significant negative correlation with the shoot fold change of PoHKT1 transcripts (r = -0.607, -0.693 and -0.657 respectively). The regulation of PoVHA in root and shoot tissues in the three taxa are significantly different. Under salt stress, both decreased uptake of Na+ into the cytosol by decreasing the expression of PoHKT1 and increased vascular compartmentalization ability of Na+ by inducing the expression of PoVHA seem to work more efficiently in P. oleraceae and P. nitida than in P. granulato-stellulata.

scholarly journals Synergism of citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb.) and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides plays a major role in citrus dieback

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (04) ◽  
pp. 1291-1299
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Rough Lemon ◽  
Tylenchulus Semipenetrans ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Citrus Nematode

Citrus is known as a major fruit due to its high nutritional value and adaptability in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Among diseases, citrus dieback is one of the most threatening diseases in which overall plant growth is reduced. Major causes are Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) with 15-35% losses all over the world. Plant material was established adopting sanitary measures in earthen pots (12-inch diameter). Fresh culture of C. gloeosporioides and T. semipenetrans was prepared for the inoculation by following the standard procedures. In the first set, rootstocks were inoculated with 200mL of water having spore suspension of C. gloeosporioides while in in the second set, inoculation of T. semipenetrans was done by using 45 mL of water suspension having 2000 freshly hatched juveniles per pot, while at the rate of 1 × 107 spores/mL per plant. In the third set, the interaction of C. gloeosporioides and T. semipenetrans was studied by inoculating selected citrus rootstocks by both pathogens. After four months of inoculation, data were recorded on plant disease index (PDI) along with plant growth parameters (root weight, shoot weight, shoot weight, shoot length and number of leaves). Trifoliate orange and cox mandarin hybrid showed resistance against the development of T. semipenetrans while rough lemon, C-35 Citrange and sour orange were found susceptible. There was a significant difference in plant growth parameters between inoculated and healthy plants. Root weight and shoot weight decreased by 8.98g and 11.53g, while root length and shoot length decreased by 7.29cm and 13.5cm respectively as compared to control treatments in most susceptible rootstocks. Per cent Branch Infection (PBI) and per cent Disease Index (PDI) were maximum (71.52, 37) per cent on rough lemon respectively. Results regarding combined inoculation of C. gloeosporioides and T. semipenetrans showed that there was a significant difference in plant growth parameters between inoculated and healthy plants. In rough lemon, Root weight and shoot weight decreased by 13.86 and 20.57g respectively in diseased and healthy plants. Root length and shoot length decreased by 8.37 and 20.04cm respectively as compared to control treatments in most susceptible rootstocks. Overall results depicted that inoculation of both pathogens reduced plant growth more severely as compared to their individual application.

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