A thousand words about running fitness tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kowalska ◽  
Marcin Fehlau ◽  
Maciej Cymerys ◽  
Przemysław Guzik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Running is undertaken for different reasons, including improvement or maintenance of health and fitness. Many tests are employed for the estimation of the fitness in runners. In this review, we describe five field tests (Cooper test, Conconi test, 6-Minute Walk Test, 20-meter Multistage Fitness Test, and Harvard Step Test) and one laboratory cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on a treadmill. A properly selected fitness test may help to estimate or measure the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2), thresholds for the aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, or restitution after the exercise. Such information is used for planning the training process, monitoring the progress of physical fitness or predicting the target distance or speed during competitions. In patients with cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases, this information may help to plan the intensity of daily activity or physical rehabilitation. Testing physical fitness is challenging, however when made appropriately, it delivers valuable physiological and clinical information.

The Effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise on Increasing Body Immunity Through Physical Fitness Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Tri Saptono ◽  
Sumitarsih Sumitarsih ◽  
R. Agung Purwandono Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

The research  aims to determine: 1) differences in the effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on increasing body immunity, 2) differences in increasing body immunity between low and high Body Mass Index, 3) differences in increasing body immunity between high Body Mass Index aerobic exercise and  high Body Mass Index anaerobic exercise, 4) differences in the increase in body immunity between low Body Mass Index aerobic exercise and low Body Mass Index anaerobic exercise, 5) the effect of interaction between Body Mass Index with aerobic and anaerobic exercise on increasing body immunity through Physical Fitness Test The research  uses an experimental method with  2x2 factorial design. The population of this research is the SPIRITS Sleman Yogyakarta volleyball club. The sample size is 24 athletes. The research data analysis technique used ANOVA. Prerequisite test of data analysis using normality test (Lilliefors test  = 0.05) and homogeneity test of variance (Bartlet test  = 0.05) The results of the  research: 1) There is a difference in the effect between aerobic exercise with an average of 4.016667 and anaerobic exercise with an average of 2.825, on the increase in physical fitness test ability with an average difference of 1.191667. 2) There is a different effect between low BMI with an average of 4.325 and high BMI with an average of 2.516667 on increasing physical fitness test abilities with an average difference of 1.808333. 3) There is a different effect between low BMI aerobic exercise with an average of 5.15 and low BMI anaerobic exercise with an average of 3.5 on increasing physical fitness test ability with an average difference of 1.65. 4) There is a difference  between high BMI aerobic exercise with an average of 2.883333 and high BMI anaerobic exercise with an average of 2.15 on the increase in physical fitness test with an average difference of 0.7333333. 5) Interaction between aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise and BMI 0.656866

Evaluation of the Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test with 10- to 15-Year-Old Children

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne W. Garcia ◽  
Jennifer S. Zakrajsek
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Fitness Test

The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of the Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test (CAFT), a field measure of cardiovascular fitness. After providing anthropometric measures, 31 subjects, ages 10 to 15, completed a maximal treadmill test and the CAFT, a 3-stage step test. Multiple regression analyses were conducted where maximal oxygen consumption from the treadmill test was estimated based on the oxygen cost of stepping, age and various combinations of body composition. For the total sample, the best model (R = 0.79, SEE = 6.7), obtained from the sum of 4 skinfolds, was the body composition estimate. This model was slightly more accurate for males (R = 0.83, SEE = 6.0) than for females (R = 0.77, SEE = 7.0). When the regression equation incorporated less time consuming indicators of body composition, the predictive power, albeit lower, was still satisfactory. It appears that the CAFT can be a useful option for measuring cardiovascular fitness for youth, with the decision dependent on the purpose of the test, the testing resources, the setting, and the motivation of the subjects.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE AND SPEED BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL FEMALE STUDENTS OF BAHAUDDIN ZAKARIYA UNIVERSITY PAKISTAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-366
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Ghufran Hadier Hamdani ◽  
QingZhong He ◽  
Syeda Urooj Fatima Hamdani ◽  
Syed Muhammad Zeeshan Haider Hamdani ◽  
Syed Muhammad Danish Haider Hamdani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Urban Girls ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Urban Rural

The purpose of the present study was to determine which group of female students urban/rural has better physical fitness performance in tests. Samples comprised of 72 females’ students (36 urban and 36 rural), this represented 10% of the population from each school of Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan. Two physical Fitness components: speed and cardiovascular endurance were assessed using 60 Meters Speed test for speed and Harward Step Test for cardiovascular endurance. Descriptive Statistics examine the characteristics of the samples and Independent ‘t’ test was employed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software. The results indicated that urban girls’ performance was superior to the rural girls in speed (9.29Mean) and cardiovascular endurance (5.97Mean) in both physical fitness tests urban girls’ physical fitness level was higher. The findings of this study proved that the results of this study are unique and shows that urban girls have more physical fitness trend than urban girls, moreover it was also discovered for future studies that the cultural, social and living environment had a great impact on the physical fitness of females in Pakistan.

scholarly journals The effect of virtual reality exercise on physical fitness

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Dawid Bedrunka ◽  
Katarzyna Buchta ◽  
Patryk Szary ◽  
Katarzyna Maniakowska ◽  
Pawel Kiper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test ◽  
Minute Walk

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess physical fitness (PF) in healthy volunteers using the Senior Fitness Test (SFT) after a series of training sessions in virtual reality (VR) using the X-box 360 Kinect System. Materials and methods: This pilot study consisted of 32 healthy subjects aged 19 to 24 years (12 males and 20 females) with the mean age of 20.6±1.4 years and the mean BMI of 23.29±2.3. The subjects participated in the study for 2 weeks, at a frequency of 4 sessions weekly. Each session comprised 4 Kinect Adventures games: 20 000 Leaks, Curvy Creak, Rally Ball and Reflex Ridge. The Senior Fitness Test was used to assess physical fitness. Results: Analysis of data showed improvement in Arm-Curl (30.0 repetitions (rep.)) vs. 35.8 rep., p<0.001), Chair Stand (26.6 rep. vs. 30.2 rep., p<0.001), Back Scratch (3.1 cm vs. 6.1 cm, p<0.033), Chair Sit-and-Reach (1.0 cm vs. 5.3 cm, p<0.001), Up-and-Go (3.5 sec. vs. 3.2 sec., p<0.001) and 6-Minute Walk Test (731.3 m vs. 747.8.m, p<0.220). Statistically significant improvement was noted in 5 out of 6 STF trials. Only the 6-Minute Walk test results were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Training using a console with the Kinect motion sensor had positive effects on the physical fitness of the healthy volunteers.

scholarly journals Physical and Physiological Profiles of Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacities in Young Basketball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mancha-Triguero ◽  
Javier García-Rubio ◽  
Antonio Antúnez ◽  
Sergio J. Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
External Load ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Physiological Profiles ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Current trends in the analysis of the physical fitness of athletes are based on subjecting the athlete to requirements similar to those found in competition. Regarding physical fitness, a thorough study of the capacities that affect the development of team sports in different ages and gender is required since the demands are not equivalent. The objective of this paper was to characterize the physical-physiological demands of athletes in an aerobic and anaerobic test specific to basketball players, as well as the evolution of the variables according to age and gender. The research was carried out in 149 players from different training categories (n = 103 male; n = 46 female). The athletes performed two field tests that evaluated both aerobic capacity and lactic anaerobic capacity. Each athlete was equipped with an inertial device during the tests. Sixteen variables (equal in both tests) were analyzed. Three of them evaluated technical-tactical aspects, four variables of objective internal load, six kinematic variables of objective external load (two related to distance and four related to accelerometry) and three neuromuscular variables of objective external load. The obtained results show significant differences in the variables analyzed according to the age and gender of the athletes. They are mainly due to factors related to the anthropometric maturation and development inherent in age and have an impact on the efficiency and technical and tactical requirements of the tests carried out and, therefore, on the obtained results in the tests.

Feasibility and Reliability of Tests Measuring Health-Related Physical Fitness in Children With Moderate to Severe Levels of Intellectual Disability

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Wouters ◽  
Anna M. van der Zanden ◽  
Heleen M. Evenhuis ◽  
Thessa I. M. Hilgenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test

Abstract Physical fitness is an important marker for health. In this study we investigated the feasibility and reliability of health-related physical fitness tests in children with moderate to severe levels of intellectual disability. Thirty-nine children (2–18 yrs) performed tests for muscular strength and endurance, the modified 6-minute walk test (6mwt) for cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition tests, and 30–97% of the tests were successfully completed. Short-term test-retest reliability of all tests was good (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] &gt; .8), long-term test-retest reliability was good for most tests (ICC &gt; .7), but low ICCs were found for most strength tests. Measuring body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness is feasible and reliable. Measuring muscle endurance is fairly feasible and reliable.

scholarly journals Influence of Body Composition on Physical Fitness in Adolescents

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
María Mendoza-Muñoz ◽  
José Carmelo Adsuar ◽  
Jorge Pérez-Gómez ◽  
Laura Muñoz-Bermejo ◽  
Miguel Ángel Garcia-Gordillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Tests

Background and objectives: Childhood obesity is one of the main public health issues facing advanced societies. The Spanish population presents 28.6% overweight or obese adolescents, and Extremadura, 22.3%. Physical fitness is considered one of the most important health markers and a common predictor of morbidity and mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases. Thus, fitness tests are needed for health monitoring, especially in overweight and obese adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between body composition and physical fitness in adolescents and to analyse if there are differences in physical condition and body composition between the sexes, as well as to compare the different body mass index (BMI) categories to each other. This project also tried to find regression equations to predict the physical fitness test results. Materials and Methods: A total of 225 adolescents were recruited. Weight status was classified according to WHO 2007 standards. Body composition variables (i.e., BMI, fat mass (FM), FM percentage (FM%), and fat-free mass (FFM)) and physical fitness (standing long jump (SLJ), speed–agility (SA), cardiorespiratory fitness (CF), and handgrip strength (HS)) were assessed. Results: Significant differences were found between the sexes in body composition (FM%, FM, and FFM) and physical fitness (SLJ, SA, CF, and HS) (p < 0.001) in favour of males. Significant differences were also found in speed (p = 0.002), CF (p < 0.001), and SLJ (p = 0.004) in favour of normal-weight adolescents compared to overweight and obese adolescents. Contrarily, the outcomes revealed a significantly greater HS (p = 0.014) in favour of overweight and obese participants compared to normal-weight adolescents. Moreover, the results showed that CF and SLJ correlated inversely with BMI, FM%, and total FM. There was also a direct relationship between SA and FM percentage, as well as between HS and FFM. Finally, four fitness test predictive models are proposed based on body composition, age, sex, and BMI. Conclusions: Overweight and obese adolescents have lower levels of physical fitness than their normal-weight peers, regardless of their sex. Normal-ranged body composition values are related to a greater physical fitness in adolescents. Furthermore, this study presents several equations that can help to predict the performance of different fitness tests in adolescents.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Daily Fitness Test in Nursing Home Residents and Community-Dwelling Residents Elderly Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-415
Author(s):  
Min-Hwa Suk ◽  
Hee-Seung Jang ◽  
Jin-Wook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Fitness Test

PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to compare the daily fitness tests of nursing home residents and community-dwelling elderly women after 16 weeks program.METHODS:Thirty elderly women living in a nursing home (n=14) or community (n=16) participated in the study. The program was assigned 1 hour twice a week for 16 weeks to improve the physical activity for the elderly women. The daily fitness test assessed the physical fitness levels for elderly. The tests performed the 2-min step test, chair stand test, arm curl test, chair sit and reach test, backscratch test, 244-cm up and go test.RESULTS:A result of the study show that the daily physical fitness of the elderly women living in the community is higher than those living in nursing homes. After the program which induced physical activity, 2-min step test (<i>p</i><.05) and 244-cm up and go test (<i>p</i><.05) were much improved in the elderly living in nursing homes.CONCLUSIONS:Although the daily fitness of nursing home residents was lower than community-dwelling residents, there was a significant improvement after exercise program.

Physical Characteristics, Physical Fitness, and Lifestyles of Senior Olympic Athletes and Independently Living Cohorts

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahn Shaulis ◽  
Lawrence A. Golding ◽  
Richard D. Tandy
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Screening Questionnaire ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Olympic Athletes ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Positive Rate

The primary purpose of this paper, one of the first physiological studies of Senior Olympic athletes, was to determine the physical fitness level of Senior Olympic participants 50 to 86 years of age. It was hypothesized that Senior Olympic athletes would be more physically fit than healthy older adults not classified as Senior Olympic athletes. The athletes’ screening questionnaire (PAR-Q) results showed a 43% positive rate, making maximal testing and underwater testing impractical and possibly unsafe. However, all subjects were allowed to perform the AAHPERD functional fitness test battery. Senior Olympic athletes did not perform better (p < .05) on any of the AAHPERD functional fitness tests than a group of nonathletes who lived independently. Furthermore, questionnaire results suggested that some athletes were competing with little or no training. These results indicated that researchers and events managers should not assume that all Senior Olympic athletes are exceptionally healthy or physically fit.

scholarly journals Causes and Preventive Measures of Sports Injuries in Physical Fitness Tests in Colleges and Universities Based on Biological Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Cause Analysis ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Health Related

Biological characteristics refer to the morphological and physiological characteristics exhibited by individual organisms. The indicators of individual biological characteristics mainly include physical indicators such as height, weight, chest circumference, and health-related physical indicators such as blood pressure, grip strength, and vital capacity. This article mainly introduces the cause analysis and preventive measures of a physical fitness test in colleges and universities based on biological characteristics and intends to provide ideas and directions for the cause analysis and preventive measures of a physical fitness test in colleges and universities. This paper proposes a research method for the cause analysis and preventive measures of sports injuries in college physical fitness tests based on biological characteristics. Research experiments on the cause analysis and preventive measures of sports injuries in the physical fitness test of colleges and universities. The experimental results in this paper show that the most frequent cause of sports injuries among boys is lack of self-protection awareness, with a probability of 24.24%; among girls, the most frequent cause of sports injuries is insufficient flexibility, with a probability of 22.86%.

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