scholarly journals Dengue Fever and Neurology: Well Beyond Hemorrhage and Strokes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antônio Machado Schlindwein ◽  
Isabelle Pastor Bandeira ◽  
Letícia Caroline Breis ◽  
Júlia Machado Rickli ◽  
Caio César Demore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Immune Mediated

Dengue virus an arbovirus is endemic in an area that comprise almost half of the world's population, contrary to past beliefs that dengue virus differentiate from other neuroinvasive arbovirus due to its lack of neurological invasion and disease related neurological complications excluding hemorrhagic and thromboembolic , the body of evidence have grown to demonstrate a series of neurological manifestations linked to dengue virus with possible mechanisms involving direct virus invasion of the nervous system or immune mediated complications. In this review we provide a wide approach to this neglect but not so rare manifestations of a very common disease.

Non-metastatic neurological manifestations of malignancy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerissa Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cns Infection ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Local Effects ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Neuronal Proteins ◽  
Systemic Malignancy

Neurological complications of systemic malignancy are frequent. They may reflect direct local effects of the tumour; CNS infection; side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy; nutritional or metabolic derangements; or a paraneoplastic syndrome. The paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are a group of disorders associated with a malignancy outside the nervous system. The pathophysiology is immune-mediated, with the tumour’s expression of neuronal proteins invoking antibody formation, which in turn results in neurological symptoms. This chapter will mainly focus on these syndromes.

scholarly journals Advances and new insights in the neuropathogenesis of dengue infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 698-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzia Puccioni-Sohler ◽  
Carolina Rosadas
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Viral Antigens

Dengue virus (DENV) infects approximately 390 million persons every year in more than 100 countries. Reports of neurological complications are more frequently. The objective of this narrative review is to bring up the advances in the dengue neuropathogenesis. DENV can access the nervous system through blood-brain barrier disturbance mediated by cytokine. The blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier seems to be also involved, considering the presence of the virus in the CSF of patients with neurological manifestations. As for neurotropism, several studies showed the presence of RNA and viral antigens in brain tissue and CSF in humans. In murine model, different virus mutations were associated to neurovirulence. Despite the advances in the dengue neuropathogenesis, it is still necessary to determine a more appropriate animal model and increase the number of cases of autopsy. The detection of neurovirulence markers may contribute to establish a prognosis, the disease control and vaccine development.

Atypical neurological manifestations of dengue fever: a case series and mini review

2020 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2020-137533
Author(s):  
Nandita Prabhat ◽  
Sucharita Ray ◽  
Kamalesh Chakravarty ◽  
Heena Kathuria ◽  
Sukriya Saravana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neurological Involvement ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
System Involvement ◽  
Neurotropic Property

BackgroundIn this mini review, we discuss some of the atypical neurological manifestations of dengue virus and attempt to bring them to attention to highlight the neurotropic property of the dengue virus.MethodsCases were chosen from retrospective hospital and outpatient records of all patients seropositive for dengue who attended the neurology referral. Seven patients have been chosen as illustrative examples of dengue-associated neurological involvement. We discuss the various central and peripheral nervous system involvement of patients and discuss the relevant findings in them.ConclusionThrough this case series, we wish to highlight that the dengue virus can affect the nervous system at various targets, using multiple mechanisms of pathogenesis to generate a plethora of presentations. Hence, it is vital to be aware of its presentations to be able to diagnose dengue and treat it accordingly.

Overview of COVID-19 and neurological complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrin Hosseini ◽  
Shabnam Nadjafi ◽  
Behnaz Ashtary
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Abstract The sudden and storming onset of coronavirus 2 infection (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) was associated by severe acute respiratory syndrome. Recently, corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) has appeared as a pandemic throughout the world. The mutational nature of the virus, along with the different means of entering and spreading throughout the body has involved different organs. Thus, patients are faced with a wide range of symptoms and signs. Neurological symptoms, such as anosmia, agnosia, stroke, paralysis, cranial nerve deficits, encephalopathy, meningitis, delirium and seizures, are reported as common complications affecting the course of the disease and its treatment. In this review, special attention was paid to reports that addressed the acute or chronic neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients who may present acute respiratory syndrome or not. Moreover, we discussed the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) complications in SARS-Cov2-infected patients, and also the pathophysiology of neurological abnormalities in COVID-19.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 and the Nervous System: From Clinical Features to Molecular Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Pennisi ◽  
Giuseppe Lanza ◽  
Luca Falzone ◽  
Francesco Fisicaro ◽  
Raffaele Ferri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Acute Polyneuropathy ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Impact

Increasing evidence suggests that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can also invade the central nervous system (CNS). However, findings available on its neurological manifestations and their pathogenic mechanisms have not yet been systematically addressed. A literature search on neurological complications reported in patients with COVID-19 until June 2020 produced a total of 23 studies. Overall, these papers report that patients may exhibit a wide range of neurological manifestations, including encephalopathy, encephalitis, seizures, cerebrovascular events, acute polyneuropathy, headache, hypogeusia, and hyposmia, as well as some non-specific symptoms. Whether these features can be an indirect and unspecific consequence of the pulmonary disease or a generalized inflammatory state on the CNS remains to be determined; also, they may rather reflect direct SARS-CoV-2-related neuronal damage. Hematogenous versus transsynaptic propagation, the role of the angiotensin II converting enzyme receptor-2, the spread across the blood-brain barrier, the impact of the hyperimmune response (the so-called “cytokine storm”), and the possibility of virus persistence within some CNS resident cells are still debated. The different levels and severity of neurotropism and neurovirulence in patients with COVID-19 might be explained by a combination of viral and host factors and by their interaction.

scholarly journals Infection of the central nervous system with dengue virus 3 genotype I causing neurological manifestations in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Bretas de Oliveira ◽  
Guilherme Machado ◽  
Gabriel Magno de Freitas Almeida ◽  
Paulo César Peregrino Ferreira ◽  
Cláudio Antônio Bonjardim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Genotype I ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poliana Rafaela dos Santos Araújo ◽  
Kauan Alves Sousa Madruga ◽  
Bruna Alves Rocha ◽  
Lucas Oliveira Braga
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Critical Patients

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), once identified, soon spread globally, becoming a pandemic. Although patients present mainly with respiratory complaints, several neurological symptoms have been reported. Symptoms range from headache and nonspecific dizziness to seizures and cerebrovascular disease (CVD). It has also been shown that the severity of the infection is directly proportional to the development of neurological symptoms, especially CVD and changes in mental status. Objective: The present study aims to briefly review the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and discuss the pathogenic mechanisms of Central Nervous System (CNS) involvement. Methods: This is an exploratory narrative review with a descriptive approach, consisting of an active search for scientific articles in the PubMed database. The descriptors “coronavirus infections”, “COVID-19” and “Nervous system” were used, with the Boolean operators “OR” and “AND”. Eighteen articles of systematic review and meta-analysis were included. Results: CNS manifestations included, among others: encephalitis, encephalopathy, consciousness decrease, headache, dizziness, acute myelitis, and stroke. As for the peripheral nervous system, skeletal muscle damage, chemosensory dysfunction, and Guillain-Barré syndrome were observed, with hyposmia being the most common symptom. CNS involvement may be related to a worse prognosis. Conclusion: The clinical involvement of the nervous system in COVID-19 is not uncommon, and can result in several neurological complications, especially in the most critical patients. The pathophysiological mechanisms of these events still need further investigation. In the meantime, physicians should value extra-respiratory symptoms ranging from hyposmia, to potentially fatal manifestations, such as stroke and encephalopathy.

Involvement of Nervous System in Kawasaki Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-007
Author(s):  
Andreas Giannopoulos ◽  
Maria Gogou
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Medical Database ◽  
Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Central Nervous System Dysfunction ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractThe aim of this study was to summarize the published reports about neurological manifestations of Kawasaki disease and underlying mechanisms. PubMed was used as the source for medical database. The prevalence of neurological complications is estimated to range from 1.1 to 3.7% and can include strokes, inflammation of central nervous system, dysfunction of cranial nerves, behavioral disorders as well as syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. Their incidence is usually associated with an increased risk for coronary artery aneurysms. In particular, the involvement of facial nerve seems to be a marker of disease severity. Although prognosis is generally remarkable, serious complications may arise in some cases. The early initiation of appropriate therapy prevents the appearance of neurological manifestations in children with Kawasaki disease.

scholarly journals Isolated Chronic Aseptic Meningitis Due to SARS-COV-2 Unresponsive to Ordinary Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdollah Karimi ◽  
Sedigheh Rafiei Tabatabaei ◽  
Ghazal Shariatpanahi ◽  
Mohsen Javadzadeh ◽  
Shahnaz Armin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Immune Mediated

: Serious, and sometimes, deadly complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are devastating. Whereas most manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory (fever, dry cough, fatigue, pneumonia), it is getting to be progressively recognized that numerous organ functions can be affected by this disease, and the nervous system is one of them as neurological complications can affect up to 36% of adult patients. However, the prevalence and pathophysiology of these complications have yet to be fully elucidated in children. Here, we discuss an infant with neurological symptoms manifested as chronic isolated aseptic meningitis associated with COVID-19, which was unresponsive to ordinary treatments and dramatically responsive to dexamethasone. Immune-mediated reactions may have had a major pathophysiologic role in this case.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Infection and Neurological Complications: Present Findings and Future Predictions

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore Beghi ◽  
Valery Feigin ◽  
Valeria Caso ◽  
Paola Santalucia ◽  
Giancarlo Logroscino
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immune Mediated

The present outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2, an influenza virus with neurotropic potential, presents with neurological manifestations in a large proportion of the affected individuals. Disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system are all present, while stroke, ataxia, seizures, and depressed level of consciousness are more common in severely affected patients. People with these severe complications are most likely elderly with medical comorbidities, especially hypertension and other vascular risk factors. However, postinfectious complications are also expected. Neurological disorders as sequelae of influenza viruses have been repeatedly documented in the past and include symptoms, signs, and diseases occurring during the acute phase and, not rarely, during follow-up. Postinfectious neurological complications are the result of the activation of immune mechanisms and can explain the insurgence of immune-mediated diseases, including the Guillain-Barré syndrome and other diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system that in the past occurred as complications of viral infections and occasionally with vaccines. For these reasons, the present outbreak calls for the introduction of surveillance systems to monitor changes in the frequency of several immune-mediated neurological diseases. These changes will determine a reorganization of the measures apt to describe the interaction between the virus, the environment, and the host in areas of different dimensions, from local communities to regions with several millions of inhabitants. The public health system, mainly primary care, needs to be strengthened to ensure that research and development efforts are directed toward right needs and directions. To cope with the present pandemic, better collaboration is required between international organizations along with more research funding, and tools in order to detect, treat, and prevent future epidemics.

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