scholarly journals Susceptibility of Blood Orange Cultivars to Chilling Injury Based on Antioxidant System, Physiological and Biochemical Responses at Different Storage Temperatures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariborz Habibi ◽  
Asghar Ramezanian ◽  
Fabian Guillén ◽  
Domingo Martínez-Romero ◽  
María Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy Micrographs ◽  
Polyphenol Oxidase Activity ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Storage Temperatures ◽  
Blood Orange ◽  
Scanning Electron

Susceptibility of four blood orange cultivars (‘Moro’, ‘Tarocco’, ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’) to chilling injury (CI) was studied. Antioxidant enzymes, physiological and biochemical changes were measured monthly at 2 and 5 °C plus 2 days at 20 °C for shelf life. At 2 °C, CI symptoms were higher than at 5 °C, and ‘Moro’ and ‘Tarocco’ had significantly higher CI than ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’. ‘Moro’ and ‘Tarocco’ had the highest electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, H2O2 and polyphenol oxidase activity and lower phenylalanine ammonia-lyase compared with ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’. The scanning electron microscopy micrographs revealed that ‘Moro’ and ‘Taroco’ showed severe fractures in the flavedo due to CI. ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’ were more tolerant to CI due to an increase of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, which could prevent the loss of membrane integrity and alleviate CI symptoms. The order of susceptibility of cultivars to CI was ‘Moro’> ‘Tarocco’> ‘Sanguine’> ‘Sanguinello’.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Blood Orange Cultivars to Chilling Injury Based on Antioxidant System and Physiological and Biochemical Responses at Different Storage Temperatures

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1609
Author(s):  
Fariborz Habibi ◽  
Asghar Ramezanian ◽  
Fabián Guillén ◽  
Domingo Martínez-Romero ◽  
María Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Polyphenol Oxidase Activity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Storage Temperatures ◽  
Blood Orange

Susceptibility of four blood orange cultivars (‘Moro’, ‘Tarocco’, ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’) to chilling injury (CI) was studied. Antioxidant enzymes as well as physiological and biochemical changes were measured monthly at 2 and 5 °C plus 2 days at 20 °C for shelf life. At 2 °C, CI symptoms were higher than at 5 °C, and ‘Moro’ and ‘Tarocco’ had significantly higher CI than ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’. ‘Moro’ and ‘Tarocco’ had the highest electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and polyphenol oxidase activity and lower phenylalanine ammonia-lyase compared with ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs revealed that ‘Moro’ and ‘Tarocco’ showed severe fractures in the flavedo due to CI. ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’ were more tolerant to CI due to an increase of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, which could prevent the loss of membrane integrity and alleviate CI symptoms. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) for cultivars and temperatures revealed four main clusters. The first cluster included ‘Moro’ and ‘Tarocco’ at 2 °C, and the second cluster included ‘Moro’ and ‘Tarocco’ at 5 °C. The third cluster involved ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’ at 2 °C, and the fourth cluster included ‘Sanguinello’ and ‘Sanguine’ at 5 °C. The order of susceptibility of cultivars to CI was ‘Moro’ > ‘Tarocco’ > ‘Sanguine’ > ‘Sanguinello’.

Effects of Brassinosteroids on Postharvest Physiology of Horticultural Crops: A Concise Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Sajid Ali ◽  
Muhammad Akbar Anjum ◽  
Aamir Nawaz ◽  
Safina Naz ◽  
Sajjad Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Postharvest Physiology ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Inhibit Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Postharvest Life ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Brassinosteroids are natural polyhydroxylated steroidal plant growth regulators or phyto-hormones. These are ubiquitous in plant kingdom and influence a wide variety of molecular, physiological and biochemical responses of plants. Brassinosteroids have also been applied and their possible role has been investigated on postharvest physiology of various horticultural crops. Brassinosteroids regulate ripening of different non-climacteric and climacteric fruits and influence colour metabolism. They inhibit activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes and delay enzymatic browning. Exogenous application of brassinosteroids inhibits cell wall degradation and delays softening of fruits. In addition, their application regulates sugar and energy metabolism in different fruit and vegetable crops. They suppress lipoxygenase and phospholipase D enzyme activities and conserve higher unsaturated fatty acid contents, suppress electrolyte leakage, inhibit lipid peroxidation and maintain higher membrane integrity eventually leading to suppressed chilling injury during postharvest storage. These alleviate oxidative stress and prolong storage life potential of various horticultural crops. So, the present review summarizes various roles and mechanism of action of brassinosteroids in extending postharvest life and maintaining quality of different horticultural crops.

scholarly journals Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Two Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Cultivars Differing in Thermotolerance to High Night Temperatures during Anthesis

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Dimitra A. Loka ◽  
Derrick M. Oosterhuis
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Photosynthetic Rates ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents

Heat stress constitutes a major threat to crop production, and according to climatic projections, night temperatures are expected to increase faster and to a greater extent compared to day temperatures. While extensive research has been dedicated to the effects of higher than optimum day temperatures on cotton physiology, metabolism, and yield, and while heat-tolerant cotton cultivars have been introduced, the responses of such heat-tolerant cultivars to high night temperatures have not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of heat-tolerant cultivars to high night temperatures stress by monitoring the physiological and biochemical responses of two cotton cultivars, differing in thermotolerance, subjected to higher than optimum night temperatures, during anthesis. To that end, growth chamber experiments were conducted using two cotton cultivars differing in thermotolerance, namely ST5288B2RF (thermosensitive) and VH260 (thermotolerant). Treatments consisted of normal day/night temperatures (32/24 °C) and high night temperatures (32/30 °C) for 2 weeks at flowering (approximately 8 eight weeks after planting). The results indicated that VH260 was more thermotolerant than ST5288 even under conditions of high night temperature stress, as it managed to maintain its net photosynthetic rates, cell membrane integrity, as well as pistil carbohydrate contents and ultimately achieved higher total reproductive weight. It was concluded that heat tolerance of thermotolerant cultivars selected under conditions of high day temperatures is also conserved under high night temperatures, while net photosynthetic rates and cell membrane integrity can be utilized as selection traits for heat tolerance under either high day or night temperatures.

Physiological and biochemical responses of harvested rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) fruits to postharvest dip treatments during storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Manjunath J. Shetty ◽  
◽  
P.R. Geethalekshmi ◽  
C. Mini ◽  
Vijayaraghava Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Nephelium Lappaceum ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Poplar Plants to Drought Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
ARADHNA KUMARI ◽  
IM KHAN ◽  
ANIL KUMAR SINGH ◽  
SANTOSH KUMAR SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Poplar clone Kranti was selected to assess the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses under drought at different levels of water stress, as it is a common clone used to be grown in Uttarakhand for making paper and plywood. The cuttings of Populus deltoides L. (clone Kranti) were exposed to four different watering regimes (100, 75, 50 and 25% of the field capacity) and changes in physiological and biochemical parameters related with drought tolerance were recorded. Alterations in physiological (i.e. decrease in relative water content) and biochemical parameters (i.e. increase in proline and soluble sugar content and build-up of malondialdehyde by-products) occurred in all the three levels of water stress, although drought represented the major determinant. Drought treatments (75%, 50% and 25% FC) decreased plant height, radial stem diameter, harvest index, total biomass content and RWC in all the three watering regimes compared to control (100% FC). Biochemical parameters like proline, soluble sugar and MDA content increased with severity and duration of stress, which helped plants to survive under severe stress. It was analyzed that for better wood yield poplar seedlings should avail either optimum amount of water (amount nearly equal to field capacity of soil) or maximum withdrawal up to 75% of field capacity up to seedling establishment period (60 days). Furthermore, this study manifested that acclimation to drought stress is related with the rapidity, severity, and duration of the drought event of the poplar species.

scholarly journals Assessment of Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Mercury-Stressed Trigonella foenum-gracum L. to Silver Nanoparticles and Sphingobacterium ginsenosidiumtans Applications

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1349
Author(s):  
Ahlam Khalofah ◽  
Mona Kilany ◽  
Hussein Migdadi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Mercury Stress ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Heavy metals are primarily generated and deposited in the environment, causing phytotoxicity. This work evaluated fenugreek plants’ morpho-physiological and biochemical responses under mercury stress conditions toward Ag nanoparticles and Sphingobacterium ginsenosidiumtans applications. The fabrication of Ag nanoparticles by Thymus vulgaris was monitored and described by UV/Vis analysis, FTIR, and SEM. The effect of mercury on vegetative growth was determined by measuring the root and shoots length, the number and area of leaves, the relative water content, and the weight of the green and dried plants; appraisal of photosynthetic pigments, proline, hydrogen peroxide, and total phenols content were also performed. In addition, the manipulation of Ag nanoparticles, S. ginsenosidiumtans, and their combination were tested for mercury stress. Here, Ag nanoparticles were formed at 420 nm with a uniform cuboid form and size of 85 nm. Interestingly, the gradual suppression of vegetal growth and photosynthetic pigments by mercury, Ag nanoparticles, and S. ginsenosidiumtans were detected; however, carotenoids and anthocyanins were significantly increased. In addition, proline, hydrogen peroxide, and total phenols content were significantly increased because mercury and S. ginsenosidiumtans enhance this increase. Ag nanoparticles achieve higher levels by the combination. Thus, S. ginsenosidiumtans and Ag nanoparticles could have the plausible ability to relieve and combat mercury’s dangerous effects in fenugreek.

scholarly journals Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Ageratum conyzoides, Oryza sativa f. spontanea (Weedy Rice) and Cyperus iria to Parthenium hysterophorus Methanol Extract

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1205
Author(s):  
Mst. Motmainna ◽  
Abdul Shukor Juraimi ◽  
Md. Kamal Uddin ◽  
Norhayu Binti Asib ◽  
A. K. M. Mominul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Glasshouse Condition ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The current study was designed to investigate the effect of Parthenium hysterophorus L. methanol extract on Ageratum conyzoides L., Oryza sativa f. spontanea (weedy rice) and Cyperus iria L. in glasshouse condition. Here, Parthenium hysterophorus methanol extract at 20, 40, and 60 g L−1 concentrations was applied on the test species to examine their physiological and biochemical responses at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after spraying (HAS). The phytotoxicity of P. hysterophorus was strong on A. conyzoides compared to weedy rice and Cyperus iria at different concentrations and exposure times. There was a reduction in photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, chlorophyll content and carotenoid content when plants were treated with P. hysterophorus extract concentrations. Exposure to P. hysterophorus (60 g L−1) at 24 HAS increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content by 152% and 130%, respectively, in A. conyzoides compared with control. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD)) were also increased in the presence of P. hysterophorus extract. Present findings confirm that the methanol extract of P. hysterophorus can disrupt the physiological and biochemical mechanism of target weeds and could be used as an alternative to chemical herbicides.

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical responses of two precious Carpinus species to high-concentration NO2 stress and their natural recovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Sheng ◽  
Min Song ◽  
Zunling Zhu ◽  
Fuliang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Scientific Application ◽  
Natural Recovery ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Damage Response ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

AbstractCarpinus betulus and Carpinus putoensis are precious species in the world. Studies on the ecosystem function of the two species are rare. This study investigated the physiological and biochemical responses of C. betulus and C. putoensis to NO2 stress and their natural recovery. C. betulus and C. putoensis seedlings underwent fumigation with 12.0 mg/m3 NO2 for 0, 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Then, the plants were allowed to recover at room temperature for 30 d. Physiological and biochemical changes in the leaves were compared between the two species. In terms of peroxidase (POD) activity, the damage response of C. betulus under NO2 stress appeared later than that of C. putoensis. The soluble protein content of C. betulus was noticeably higher than that of C. putoensis, and C. betulus exhibited more stable membrane lipoperoxidation. The tendency of the changes in nitrate reductase of C. betulus was less noticeable than that of C. putoensis. The variation amplitudes of N, K, Mg, Zn and Mn in the leaves of C. putoensis were greater than those of C. betulus. C. putoensis showed more sensitive metabolisms in response to NO2 stress compared with C. betulus. High-concentration NO2 caused damage to C. betulus and C. putoensis was reversible, and both species returned to normal growth via their own metabolism after 30-d recovery. The results of this study may provide useful reference data for quantitative assessment of the ecosystem function of C. betulus and C. putoensis and for their scientific application in urban greening.

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