scholarly journals Effects of Essential oils of Elettaria cardamomum Grown in India and Guatemala on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Gastrointestinal Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aftab Alam ◽  
Najeeb Ur Rehman ◽  
Mohd Nazam Ansari ◽  
Amber Palla
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Elettaria Cardamomum ◽  
High K ◽  
Gastrointestinal Activity

The present study examined the volatile composition and antimicrobial and gastrointestinal activity of the essential oils of Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton harvested in India (EC-I) and Guatemala (EC-G). Monoterpene were present in higher concentration in EC-I (83.24%) than in EC-G (73.03%), whereas sesquiterpenes were present in higher concentration in EC-G (18.35%) than in EC-I (9.27%). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.5 and 0.1 mg/mL were demonstrated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in EC-I and EC-G, respectively, whereas MICs of 0.125 and 1 mg/mL were demonstrated against Escherichia coli in EC-I and EC-G, respectively. The treatment with control had the highest kill-time potential, whereas the treatment with oils had shorter kill-time. EC-I was found to be more potent in the castor oil-induced diarrhoea model than EC-G. At 100 and 200 mg/kg, EC-I exhibited 40% and 80% protection, respectively, and EC-G exhibited 20% and 60% protection, respectively, in mice, whereas loperamide (positive control) exhibited 100% protection. In the in vitro experiments, EC-I inhibited both carbachol (CCh, 1 µM) and high K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions at significantly lower concentrations than EC-G. Thus, EC-I significantly inhibited P. aeruginosa and E. coli and exhibited more potent antidiarrheal and antispasmodic effects than EC-G.

scholarly journals Effects of Essential Oils of Elettaria cardamomum Grown in India and Guatemala on Gram-Negative Bacteria and Gastrointestinal Disorders

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2546
Author(s):  
Aftab Alam ◽  
Najeeb Ur Rehman ◽  
Mohd Nazam Ansari ◽  
Amber Hanif Palla
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Elettaria Cardamomum ◽  
High K ◽  
Gastrointestinal Activity

The present study examined the chemical composition and antimicrobial and gastrointestinal activity of the essential oils of Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton harvested in India (EC-I) and Guatemala (EC-G). Monoterpenes were present in higher concentration in EC-I (83.24%) than in EC-G (73.03%), whereas sesquiterpenes were present in a higher concentration in EC-G (18.35%) than in EC-I (9.27%). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.5 and 0.25 mg/mL were demonstrated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in EC-G and EC-I, respectively, whereas MICs of 1 and 0.5 mg/mL were demonstrated against Escherichia coli in EC-G and EC-I, respectively. The treatment with control had the highest kill-time potential, whereas the treatment with oils had shorter kill-time. EC-I was observed to be more potent in the castor oil-induced diarrhea model than EC-G. At 100 and 200 mg/kg, P.O., EC-I exhibited 40% and 80% protection, respectively, and EC-G exhibited 20% and 60% protection, respectively, in mice, whereas loperamide (10 mg/kg, i.p., positive control) exhibited 100% protection. In the in vitro experiments, EC-I inhibited both carbachol (CCh, 1 µM) and high K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions at significantly lower concentrations than EC-G. Thus, EC-I significantly inhibited P. aeruginosa and E. coli and exhibited more potent antidiarrheal and antispasmodic effects than EC-G.

scholarly journals Actividad antibacteriana in vitro de aceites esenciales de diferentes especies del género Citrus

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miladys Esther Torrenegra Alarcón ◽  
Nerlis Paola Pájaro ◽  
Glicerio León Méndez
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
E Coli

Se evaluó la actividad antibacteriana in vitro de aceites esenciales de diferentes especiesdel género Citrus frente a cepas ATCC de Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Escherichia coli, determinandola concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) y la concentración mínima bactericida(CMB). Las bacterias se replicaron en medios de agar y caldos específicos. Se determinóel momento de máxima densidad óptica (DO620) para emplearlo como tiempode incubación; luego se hicieron pruebas de evaluación de sensibilidad con la exposiciónde las cepas a concentraciones a 1000 g/mL del extracto en caldo. Para solubilizarse empleó dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) al 1%. Posteriormente, se le determinó laconcentración mínima inhibitoria mediante metodologías de microdilución en caldoy la concentración mínima bactericida. Encontrándose una actividad de los aceitesesenciales del género Citrus, con valores de CMI ≥ 600 mg/mL frente a S. aureus,S. epidermidis, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa y E. coli. En función a los resultados obtenidos,se concluye que las diferentes especies del género Citrus son consideradas comopromisorias para el control del componente bacteriano.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Newer and Conventional Antimicrobial Agents, Including Fosfomycin and Colistin, against Selected Gram-Negative Bacilli in Kuwait

Pathogens ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wadha Alfouzan ◽  
Rita Dhar ◽  
David Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbroth Dilution

Limited data are available on susceptibilities of these organisms to some of the recently made accessible antimicrobial agents. The in vitro activities of newer antibiotics, such as, ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) along with some “older” antibiotics, for example fosfomycin (FOS) and colistin (CL) were determined against selected strains (resistant to ≥ 3 antimicrobial agents) of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute microbroth dilution. 133 isolates: 46 E. coli, 39 K. pneumoniae, and 48 P. aeruginosa were tested. Results showed that E. coli isolates with MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μ g / mL for CL; 4/32 μ g / mL for FOS; 0.25/32 μ g / mL for C/T; 0.25/8 μ g / mL for CZA, exhibited susceptibility rates of 95.7%, 97.8%, 76.1%, and 89.1%, respectively. On the other hand, K. pneumoniae strains with MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μ g / mL for CL; 256/512 μ g / mL for FOS; 2/128 μ g / mL for C/T; 0.5/128 μ g / mL for CZA showed susceptibility rates of 92.3%, 7.7%, 51.3%, and 64.1%, respectively. P. aeruginosa isolates with MIC50/90, 1/1 μ g / mL for CL; 128/128 μ g / mL for C/T; 32/64 μ g / mL for CZA presented susceptibility rates of 97.9%, 33.3%, and 39.6%, respectively. Higher MICs were demonstrated against most of the antibiotics. However, CL retained efficacy at low MICs against most of the isolates tested.

scholarly journals ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ АНТИМІКРОБНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ БЕДРИНЦЮ ЛОМИКАМЕНЕВОГО ЕКСТРАКТУ ГУСТОГО

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
E. A. Parashchuk ◽  
N. I. Tkachuk ◽  
S. M. Marchyshyn ◽  
H. R. Kozyr
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
E Coli

Мета роботи. Визначення антимікробної активності бедринцю ломикаменевого підземних органів екстракту густого. Матеріали і методи.  Oб’єктoм для дoслідження обрано бедринцю ломикаменевого підземних органів екстракт густий (БЕГ-1, одержаний екстрагуванням 75 % етанолом і БЕГ-2, екстрагент 85 % етанол). В якості тест-культур використовували 5 музейних штамів: грампозитивні мікроорганізми Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 6538, спорову культуру Bacillus subtilis АТСС 6633, грамнегативну культуру Escherichia coli АТСС 25922 та Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 9027. Антифунгальну дію з’ясовували відносно Candida albicans АТСС 885-653. Бактеріостатичні властивoсті дoсліджуваних oб’єктів встанoвлювали за результатами росту еталонних штамів мікроорганізмів у нативному водному розчині бедринцю та в розведені 1:2 та 1:4 в м'ясо-пептонному бульйоні; бактерицидні – за відсутністю росту вмісту пробірок із розведенням екстракту на щільних пoживних середoвищах (м’ясо-пептонний агар – МПА) для грампозитивних мікроорганізмів S. aureus, B. subtilis, для грамнегативної культури E. coli, P. аeruginosa. Агар Сабуро використовували для дріжджеподібних грибів роду Candida (C. аlbicans). Результати й обговорення. Бедринцю ломикаменевого підземних органів екстракт густий має широкий спектр антибактеріальної активності. Нативний екстракт БЕГ-1 по відношенню до тест-штамів S. aureus, B. subtilis, C. аlbicans проявляв бактерицидну дію. Бактеріостатичну дію він проявляв до P. aeruginosa, а по відношенню до E. coli антимікробного ефекту не виявлено. Екстракти в розведені 1:2 та 1:4 проявили бактерицидну дію відносно B. subtilis, бактеріостатичну – до S. aureus, C. albicans і не виявлено протимікробної дії до E. coli та P. aeruginosa. Нативний зразок БЕГ-2 по відношенню до усіх досліджуваних 5 тест–штамів проявив бактерицидну активність; у розведені 1:2 та 1:4 проявляв бактерицидну та бактеріостатичну дію відносно S. aureus, B. subtilis, C. albicans. Антимікробна дія по відношенню до E. coli та P. aeruginosa не виявлена. Антимікрoбну активність нативного бедринцю ломикаменевого екстракту густого також вивчали у дoслідах in vitro методом дифузії в агар –  метод “колодязів”. Штами S. aureus, C. albicans, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, E. coli проявили чутливість до нативного бедринцю ломикаменевого підземних органів екстракту густого. Грампозитивні бактеріальні штами S. aureus,а також гриби C. albicans, B. subtilis є найбільш чутливими до  БЕГ-2, а БЕГ-1 проявляв порівняно меншу чутливість. Грамнегативні культури P. aeruginosa та E. coli також проявили помірну чутливість до  БЕГ-1, але значно більшу чутливість до БЕГ-2. Висновки. 1. Експериментально встановлено, що обидва досліджувані зразки бедринцю ломикаменевого підземних органів екстракту густого проявляють антибактеріальну активність. 2. Бедринцю ломикаменевого підземних органів екстракт густий проявляв більш виражену антимікробну активність по відношенню до грампозитивної мікрофлори, тому є перспективним для створення лікарського засобу з антимікробними властивостями.

scholarly journals Efeito de Óleos Essenciais Sobre Bactérias Gram-Negativas Isoladas de Alimentos

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Bruno Antunes Contrucci ◽  
Rosimeire Silva ◽  
Roberto Andreani Junior ◽  
Dora Inés Kozusny-Andreani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Prunus Amygdalus ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
E Coli

Os óleos essenciais são produtos do metabolismo secundário de plantas e são conhecidos por possuir diferentes propriedades biológicas, incluindo atividades antimicrobianas, podendo agir como antibacteriano, antifúngico e antiviral. Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa avaliar a atividade antibacteriana de óleos essenciais sobre cepas de Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa isoladas de alimentos. Foram utilizados os óleos de Eucalyptus globolus (eucalipto comum), Prunus amygdalus (amêndoa), Cymbopongon nardus (citronela), Rosmarinus officinalis (alecrim), Cinnamomum zeylanicum (caneleira), Cymbopogon citratus (capim limão), Citrus limon (limão), Caryophyllus aromaticus (cravo). Foram utilizadas dez linhagens de E. coli e dez de P. aeuriginosa. Para determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) dos óleos essenciais foi utilizado o método de microdiluição em placas de 96 poços. As concentrações bactericidas mínimas (CBM) foram determinadas a partir dos resultados da CIM. Designou-se como CBM a concentração mínima em que não ocorreu crescimento bacteriano. Verificou-se  que todos os óleos essenciais apresentaram atividade antibacteriana, no entanto os óleos de E. gobulus e R. officinalis foram mais ativos frente a E. coli (CBM=3,13%), e menos eficazes frente a P. aeruginosa (CBM=25%), enquanto que o de C. nardus apresentou atividade biológica frente a P. aeruginosa na concentração de 6,25%. A atividade antimicrobiana dos óleos essenciais testados aponta a possibilidade de desenvolver agentes antimicrobianos eficientes e de baixo custo no controle de E. coli e P. aeruginosa.  Palavras-chave: Escherichia coli.  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Plantas Medicinais. Controle.AbstractEssential oils are secondary plant metabolism produtcts and are known to have different biological properties, including antimicrobial activities,which may act as antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral. The objective of this research was to evaluate the essential oils antibacterial activityon strains of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from food. Essential oils Eucalyptus globolus, Prunus amygdalus, Cymbopongon nardus, Rosmarinus officinalis, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus limon, Caryophyllus aromaticus wereused. Ten strains of E. coli and ten of P. aeuriginosa were used. To determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the essentialoils, the 96-well plate microdilution method was used. Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined from MIC results. CBM was the minimum concentration at which no bacterial growth occurred. It was verified that all the essential oils presented antibacterial activity, however the oils of Eucaliptus gobulus and Rosmarinus officinalis were more active against E. coli (MBC = 3.13%), and less effective against P. aeruginosa (CBM = 25 %), while that of Cymbopongon nardus showed biological activity against P. aeruginosa at 6.25% concentration. The antimicrobial activity of the tested essential oils indicates the possibility of developing efficient and low cost antimicrobial agents in the control of E. coli and P. aeruginosa.Keywords: Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Medicinal Plants. Control.

Interactions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in predominant biofilm or planktonic forms of existence in mixed culture with Escherichia coli in vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 604-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina V. Kuznetsova ◽  
Irina L. Maslennikova ◽  
Tamara I. Karpunina ◽  
Larisa Yu. Nesterova ◽  
Vitaly A. Demakov
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Interspecies Interactions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Predominant Form ◽  
The One

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli are known to be involved in mixed communities in diverse niches. In this study we examined the influence of the predominant form of cell existence of and the exometabolite production by P. aeruginosa strains on interspecies interactions, in vitro. Bacterial numbers of P. aeruginosa and E. coli in mixed plankton cultures and biofilms compared with their numbers in single plankton cultures and biofilms changed in a different way, but were in accordance with the form of P. aeruginosa cell existence. The mass of a mixed-species biofilm was greater than the mass of a single-species biofilm. Among the mixed biofilms, the one with the “planktonic” P. aeruginosa strain had the least biomass. The total pyocyanin and pyoverdin levels were found to be lower in all mixed plankton cultures. Despite this, clinical P. aeruginosa strains irrespective of the predominant form of existence (“biofilm” or “planktonic”) had a higher total concentration of exometabolites than did the reference strain in 12–24 h mixed cultures. The metabolism of E. coli, according to its bioluminescence, was reduced in mixed cultures, and the decrease was by 20- to 100-fold greater with the clinical Pseudomonas strains than the reference Pseudomonas strain. Thus, both the predominant form of existence of and the exometabolite production by distinct P. aeruginosa strains should be considered to fully understand the interspecies relationship and bacteria survival in natural communities.

scholarly journals Positive control of sulphate reduction in Escherichia coli. The nature of the pleiotropic cysteineless mutants of E. coli K 12

1968 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Jones-Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Mutant Allele ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Wild Type Allele ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Type Allele ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Sulphite Reductase

1. The function of the wild-type alleles of the pleiotropic mutants cysB and cysE of Escherichia coli was investigated. 2. The wild-type allele cysB+ is dominant to the mutant allele cysB in stable and transient heterozygotes. 3. The wild-type allele cysE+ is dominant to the mutant allele cysE, as predicted. 4. Sulphur-starved cultures of cysB or cysE strains contain less than 0·2nmole of free cysteine/mg. dry wt. 5. Complementation in vitro is not observed between extracts of cysB mutants and mutants lacking sulphite reductase only. 6. A scheme, involving positive control of the enzymes of sulphate activation and reduction, is suggested to account for the control of cysteine biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Metabolite Substance Filtrates of Actinomycetes isolates from Kebun Raya Bogor against the growth of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi: In Vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zaidan Tsani Ariandi ◽  
Meiskha Bahar ◽  
Hany Yusmaini ◽  
Fajriati Zulfa ◽  
Cut Fauziah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Botanical Gardens

Actinomycetes are found in soils with loose, humus, dry characteristics and around plant roots. Actinomycetes produce secondary metabolite compounds as antibacterial. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi are Gram negative bacteria that can cause infection in humans. This study aims to determine the ability of the Actinomycetes metabolite filtrate from Bogor Botanical Gardens as an antibacterial agent against the growth of E. coli, P.aeruginosa and S. typhi in vitro. This study used an experimental design with samples of Actinomycetes isolats originating from the Bogor Botanical Gardens soil using the disc diffusion method on Muller Hinton Agar (MHA) media by looking at the clear zone of bacterial growth around the disc paper. Of the three concentration groups, namely 50%, 60%, and 70%, the largest average inhibition zone is found at a concentration of 70% with the average for the three test bacteria E. coli, P.aeruginosa and S. typhi respectively: 4.23 mm; 3.0 mm and 8.43 mm. The results of the Kruskal - Wallis test with p value = 0.01 showed that there was an effect of the Actinomycetes metabolite filtrate on the growth of the three tested bacteria as antibacterials.  

scholarly journals In-Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activities of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Candida albicans Nosodes

Homeopathy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Munshi ◽  
Gitanjali Talele ◽  
Rajesh Shah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth

Abstract Background This study presents the results of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay of a series of nosodes: namely Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Candida albicans. Each was tested against its corresponding infection as well as cross infections. Methods In-vitro efficacy of polyvalent nosodes was tested using the MIC assay technique. The nosodes, namely C. albicans polyvalent nosode (35c, 100c), N. gonorrhoeae (35c), K. pneumoniae (35c, 100c), E. coli polyvalent nosode (35c, 100c) and Salmonella typhi polyvalent nosode (30c, 100c), were tested along with positive and negative controls. Nosodes were studied in different potencies and at 1:1 dilution. Results C. albicans polyvalent nosode 35c, 100c, N. gonorrhoeae 35c, and positive control amphotericin B showed inhibition of the growth of C. albicans species. K. pneumoniae 35c, E. coli polyvalent nosode 100c, and meropenem (positive control) showed inhibition of the growth of K. pneumoniae; this effect was not seen with ceftriaxone, ofloxacin and amoxicillin antibiotics. E. coli polyvalent nosode 30c in 10% alcohol (direct and dilution 1:1) and the positive controls ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and amoxicillin showed inhibition of the growth of E. coli. The S. typhi polyvalent nosode 30c in 10% alcohol showed inhibition of growth of S. typhi. Conclusion This study reveals that the tested nosodes exhibited antibacterial potential against the corresponding micro-organisms and against other selected organisms studied using this assay.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effects Of The Ethanolic Extracts And Essential Oils Of Tanacetum Vulgare L From Romania

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lucia Mureşan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Tanacetum Vulgare ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Abstract This paper investigates the antimicrobial action of the extracts and essential oil of wildgrowing Tanacetum vulgare L on: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacilus subtilis, using the diffusion disc method. The essential oils but also the ethanolic extracts tested exhibited moderate action on Staphilococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and low action on E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The moderate antimicrobial activity is related to the amount of some chemical components of the essential oil of T. vulgare flos. Thus, this paper presents also the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the essential oils of T. vulgare harvested from two different habitats. The essential oils obtained by steam-distillation were analysed by gas-cromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

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