scholarly journals GEOGRAPHIC RHYTHM STUDY SCULPTURE AND CARVING ART INDUSTRY JEPARA DISTRICT CASE STUDY IN MULYOHARJO VILLAGE

GeoEco ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Angger Bagus Iswanto ◽  
Sarwono Sarwono ◽  
Rita Noviani

<p><em>The purpose of this study is to find out geography rhythm procurement of raw materials, marketing destination, and problems with production factors sculpture and carving industry in the center of the sculpture and carving industry center in Mulyoharjo Village, Jepara District. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. The respondent is a sculpture and carving industry entrepreneur in Mulyoharjo Village whose population is 104 industries and 30 industries are sampled. Data collection by interview, documentation and observation. Data analysis used a descriptive qualitative interactive model technique. The results of the study concluded that 86.6% of the industries experienced capital problem,73.3% of the industries experiences raw material problem, 66.6% of the industries experiences marketing problem, and 73,3% of the industries experiences finding workers problem. The most difficult workforce to find is engraver because absence of engraver regeneration. The raw materials used are teak wood and tamarind. In 1990 the raw material came from Jepara. In 1997-2005 the origin of raw materials expanded into the Java Island region. In 2006-2019 the origin of raw materials moved out of Java. The current availability of wood is not experiencing scarcity but the price is increasing. In 1990-1992 the destination areas for product marketing were in the Jepara Regency area only. In 1993-1995 product marketing could reach big cities in Indonesia. Marketing of products to international markets occurred in 1996 until now. In 2013 the number of exports increased with a value of 7,505,772.91 US $. In 2014 to 2018 the number of exports decreased.</em></p>

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2237 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Sarika ◽  
Paul Nancarrow ◽  
Abdulrahman Khansaheb ◽  
Taleb Ibrahim

Phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resin continues to dominate the resin industry more than 100 years after its first synthesis. Its versatile properties such as thermal stability, chemical resistance, fire resistance, and dimensional stability make it a suitable material for a wide range of applications. PF resins have been used in the wood industry as adhesives, in paints and coatings, and in the aerospace, construction, and building industries as composites and foams. Currently, petroleum is the key source of raw materials used in manufacturing PF resin. However, increasing environmental pollution and fossil fuel depletion have driven industries to seek sustainable alternatives to petroleum based raw materials. Over the past decade, researchers have replaced phenol and formaldehyde with sustainable materials such as lignin, tannin, cardanol, hydroxymethylfurfural, and glyoxal to produce bio-based PF resin. Several synthesis modifications are currently under investigation towards improving the properties of bio-based phenolic resin. This review discusses recent developments in the synthesis of PF resins, particularly those created from sustainable raw material substitutes, and modifications applied to the synthetic route in order to improve the mechanical properties.


Cerâmica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (351) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. P. Faria ◽  
J. N. F. Holanda

The sugarcane industry generates huge amounts of sugarcane bagasse ashes (SCBA). This work investigates the incorporation of a SCBA waste as an alternative raw material into a clay body, replacing natural clay material by up to 20 wt.%. Clay ceramic pieces were produced by uniaxial pressing and fired at temperatures varying from 700 to 1100 ºC. The technological properties of the clay ceramic pieces (linear shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption, and tensile strength) as function of the firing temperature and waste addition are investigated. The phase evolution during firing was followed by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the SCBA waste could be incorporated into red ceramics (bricks and roofing tiles) in partial replacement for natural clay material. These results confirm the feasibility of valorisation of SCBA waste to produce red ceramic. This use of SCBA can also contribute greatly to reducing the environmental problems of the sugarcane industry, and also save the sources of natural raw materials used in the ceramic industry.


Author(s):  
Patrick Degryse ◽  
Dennis Braekmans

Petrography has developed into an indispensable tool for ceramic fabric analysis, specifically studying the mineralogical and textural composition of ceramic objects. Petrography is a technique commonly used in geology to describe and classify rocks. Ceramic petrography studies clay-based archaeological or historical materials. Using a polarizing light microscope (PLM) in ceramic studies, the different raw materials used to make a ceramic object can be identified, ranging from clays and other minerals to rock fragments and inorganic or organic temper. The technique moreover feeds into the study of raw material provenance and origin, and is able to discern the different technological procedures followed to make the ceramic object (from shaping to firing), next to providing clues on the function of the object. This information not only helps reconstruct trade and exchange of raw materials and ceramics, but aids in reconstructing society behind the pot.


Author(s):  
Magdalena Śmiglak-Krajewska

The main purpose of this paper was to identify the factors affecting the selection of raw materials used by feed operators in feed production. An attempt was also made to indicate the barriers to increasing the use of native protein plants by feed operators in feed production. Today, many EU countries (including Poland) primarily rely on vegetable protein derived from genetically modified soya bean meal (mainly imported from South America and the U.S.) in addressing their needs for protein raw material used in animal feed. For many years now, Poland has taken steps to increase the production and use of native protein raw material to partially replace soya bean meal imports. The use of mixes of diverse domestic protein sources derived from grain legumes (peas, field beans, lupine) can provide an advantageous alternative to compound feeding stuff based on imported post-extraction soya bean meal. To meet the objective defined above, this paper relied on the results of a 2018 survey conducted with a sample of 29 feed operators located across the country. More than half (55%) of the enterprises surveyed did not use legumes in feed production; the use of legumes was above 10% in only 3% of respondents. When asked about the key factors affecting the selection of raw materials used in production processes, the respondents declared to be interested in buying large batches of homogeneous raw materials that meet specific quality parameters (33% replied “rather yes” and 67% replied “definitely yes”). The protein content of plant seeds used in feed production was identified as another aspect of extreme importance (55% replied “rather yes” and 24% replied “definitely yes”).


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Szymon Ługowoj ◽  
Maria Balcerek

The ethanol production industry is a fast growing branch of the economy in many countries, and there is a rich tradition of spirit beverage production of many unique drinks such as Polish vodka and Starka or Irish and Scotch whisk(e)y, all of which have unique organoleptic features. This variety is possible thanks to different raw materials used for production such as rye, barley or corn and potatoes, as well as technological solutions developed over the generations of manufacturing. Rye deserves a closer look due to its low growth requirements and many different uses as well as its long tradition of cultivation, especially in Poland. On the other hand, manufacturers are currently interested in using new, original raw materials for the production of so-called craft alcohols. Buckwheat is an example of a raw material that can be successfully used in the production of original spirits.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Eka Saputra

This study aim was to determine the effect of washing and raw materials on frozen storage on the quality of surimi and kamaboko from raw material of tilapia (Oreochromis sp). There were three types of raw materials used, namely minced fish, surimi, and surimi with addition of sorbitol, with three washing treatments and four weeks frozen storage period observed every week. The method used consisted of measurements of pH, water content, bite test, and folding test. Then the results obtained for the best kamaboko tilapia (Oreochromis sp) were obtained from fillet raw materials compared to the raw material of Minced fish and raw materials of Minced Fish + Sorbitol, with a frequency of washing once and frozen storage for 3 weeks.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspandam Katias ◽  
Achmad Affandi

The increasing competition in the manufacturing industry caused increasing inconsumer demand of the quality and quantity of a good product. Therefore, manufacturing companies must have reliable services, policies and product qualities to satisfy its customers. So it needs to be supported by efficient production system and inventory system. To able to create an efficient production system then need a good raw material inventory planning. This research aims to compere how efficiently in planning raw materials inventory between Wagner-Within Algorithm with the actual concept that applied to PT X, Sidoarjo. The methodology of this research is qualitative descriptive research. The findings this research is engaged in packaging (woven bag and jumbo bag) with main raw materials such as plastic ore and supporting material in inner, thread, additive, and pigment. Based on the result of the analysis is known that the actual concept of the company gives the total inventory cost IDR 3.151.000.000 with the frequency of ordering 12 times while WagnerWithin Algorithm method provides a more efficient total inventory cost of Rp. 2.685.821.101 with8 times the frequency of ordering and can savings of 14.8% of total raw material inventory cost.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Mayestika S. D. Taula’bi’ ◽  
Yoakhim Y.E. Oessoe ◽  
Maria F. Sumual

Snack bars is one of the commercial food products found in the market but this product mostly still use imported raw materials such as soybeans and wheat. Research on the use of local food as raw material for making snack bars is currently in great demand considering that Indonesia has abundant potential agricultural to be optimized in supporting food diversification efforts. This study aims to make an inventory of the types of local raw materials that have been used in the manufacture of snack bars, to record and to study the types binders of snack bars and to evaluate the chemical composition of local raw material snack bars. This research was made with a systematic review design with the PRISMA method. From the results of the systematic review conducted, it was found that local raw materials for cereals, nuts, fruits, vegetables and local tubers can be combined to be used as raw material for making snack bars. Several types of binders that have been used in the manufacture of snack bars are cornstarch, tapioca, sugar, eggs, and also maltodextrin. The evaluation results of the chemical composition of local raw material snack bars, namely having water content ranged from 2.28% - 53.4%, carbohydrate content 27.3% - 86.66%, fat content 8% - 34.46%, protein content 3.49% - 17.61%, and total calories 294.19 kcal/100 g - 552.71 kcal/100 g which is influenced by several factors, namely the use of various raw materials, additional materials used, and the processing of snack bar products


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Irwan Suriaman ◽  
Mardiyati ◽  
Jooned Hendrarsakti ◽  
Ari Darmawan Pasek

Industry 4.0 era materials used by entrepreneurs should be recycled, environmentally friendly, renewable with less chemical content. Indonesia as a tropical country has a large land area with the potential to produce the largest natural fiber in the world. One opportunity that can be applied to the utilization of natural fibers in air filters that currently use dominant materials is synthetic fibers. natural fiber has the advantage because it does not contain toxic chemicals, local raw materials, and is easily produced. This research will analyze the mechanical and morphological characteristics of biological fibers that have great potential as pre-filter raw material. Analysis of mechanical properties through tensile strength testing for single fibers and morphological analysis through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tensile testing was the results are; palm oil has a tensile strength of 620 MPa; 998 MPa and 213 MPa flax coconut fiber. For the morphological test results from SEM analysis for ramie fiber, it looks solid without fiber holes; The fibers appear to be many small fibers bound to one another while coir fibers have many pore holes in one observed fiber.


2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARA BOVER-CID ◽  
MARIA IZQUIERDO-PULIDO ◽  
M. CARMEN VIDAL-CAROU

The effectiveness of an amine-negative starter culture (Lactobacillus sakei CTC494) in the reduction of biogenic amine production during the ripening of fermented sausages was examined. Four batches were manufactured in parallel:spontaneously fermented and starter-mediated sausages were manufactured from two lots of raw materials of different hygienic quality. Besides the biogenic amine contents, changes in the microbial counts, nitrogenous fractions, pH, and water content were measured at several sampling points during the ripening process. In sausages manufactured from good quality meat, the starter strain of L. sakei reduced and even inhibited biogenic amine accumulation during sausage fermentation, the end products showing extremely low biogenic amine contents (tyramine levels less than 15 mg/kg of dry matter and putrescine and cadaverine levels less than 5 mg/kg of dry matter). Nevertheless, starter-mediated sausages made from poorer-quality raw materials showed much higher amine contents (308, 223, and 36 mg/kg of dry matter of cadaverine, tyramine, and putrescine, respectively), which were only slightly lower than those of the spontaneously fermented sausages made from the same raw materials. The relatively high bacterial numbers of raw materials of poorer-hygienic quality diminished the beneficial effect of the starter strain. Therefore, the effectiveness of the starter was strongly dependent on the hygienic quality of the raw materials used.


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