scholarly journals Optimization Emulgator Composition Of Water In Oil Emulsion Of Strawberry Fruits (Fragaria vesca L.) Based On Simplex Lattice Design Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Dian Eka Ermawati
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Fragaria Vesca ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Separation Ratio ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Observation Results

<p>Strawberry (<em>Fragaria vesca </em>L.) fruits contains nutrients that was beneficial to health because rich of antioxidant such as anthocyanin and flavonoids. Concentration of anthocyanins and flavonoids in strawberry during process would decline respectively 53% for pelargonidin3-O-glucoside and 40% for flavonoid. Water-oil emulsion consists of water and oil components were not mixed with each other, thus requiring emulgator to create a system that was homogeneous and stabilize the the antioxidants in strawberry.</p><p>Emulgator that used in this study were : span 80, croduret 50 ss, and propylene glycol. They were optimized to know their combination in order to gain each portion of components which would produce an optimum formula of water/oil emulsion with good physical stability and stabilize the antioxidants ingredient. The optimization with <em>Simplex Lattice Design </em>method using <em>Design Expert® software</em> <em>7.1.5</em>. Low limit and upper limit each components of emulgator were 1:1:1. The results of the responses of physical parameter were viscosity, separation ratio (F), and diameter of emulsion globule.</p>Water/oil emulsion of strawberry that use emulgators : 2% Span80, 4% croduret 50 ss, and 2% propylene glycol produced a physically stable emulsion with the observation results had no significant difference to the prediction of <em>Simplex Lattice Design. </em>The observation results of viscosity value was -0.85 log P.as, 1.59 μm diameter of emulsion globule, and 0.99 cm of separation ratio (F). The prediction value were -0.56 log P.as of viscosity, diameter of emulsion globule of 3.26 μm and 0.97 cm of separation ratio (F). Strawberry fruits contains 23.3% of flavonoid, and 13.23% of anthocyanin. The optimum formula had 20% of flavonoids and 11.67% of anthocyanin. Combination of emulgator can stable the antioxidant compound of strawbbery fruits into water/oil emulsion formula. The consentration of antioxidant compounds decreased just ± 14% after formulation process.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI ASAM STEARAT DAN TEA PADA FORMULA SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-237
Author(s):  
Dwi Saryanti ◽  
Iwan Setiawan ◽  
Romadona Ayu Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Optimal Formula

Banana kepok peel has flavonoid compounds used as antioxidants. The aim of this research is to get optimum formula of cream by combination of stearic acid and trietanolamin on good physical propertie of cream. Cream was made with stearic acid 15% minimum concentration and maximum concentration 17%, triethanolamine with minimum concentration 2% and maximum concentration 4%. The optimization of the formula was using the simplex lattice design method with parameters are pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion and protection. The optimum cream formula on the combination of stearic acid 16.7 grams and triethanolamine 2.3 grams. Verification results of optimal formula cream for pH got 6.1, viscosity 237.47, adhesion 12.32, power spread 18.11, protection 14.98 which showed no significant difference in the test, and has good stability.

scholarly journals Optimasi Propilen Glikol dan Etanol sebagai Peningkat Penetrasi Ibuprofen dalam Sediaan Gel dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design (Propylene Glycol and Ethanol Optimization as Ibuprofen Penetration Enhancer in Gel Dosage using Simplex Lattice Design Metho

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Baiq Wahyudyati Karnia Qisti ◽  
Dwi Nurahmanto ◽  
Viddy Agustian Rosyidi
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Penetration Enhancers ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Rate Optimization ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Optimum Solution

Ibuprofen is a non-steroid anti inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. In this study, formulation, evaluation, and optimization of ibuprofen gel formula were conducted in order to determine the best ibuprofen penetration rate through the rats skin using propylene glycol and ethanol as penetration enhancers and to find out the optimum formula to get the best penetration rate with simplex lattice design method. Evaluations included organoleptic, pH, viscosity, gel dispersive, assay of gel formulations, and ibuprofen penetration rate assay. Penetration rate was determined by paddle type dissolution and the samples were analyzed by spectrophotometry UV-Vis. The results of ibuprofen penetration rate assay were analyzed and optimized using design expert trial version 10. The results of ibuprofen penetration rate were F1 1.524 ± 0.121 µg/cm2.minute; F2 1.945 ± 0.0104 µg/cm2.minute; and F3 1.173 ± 0.216 µg/cm2.minute. Penetration rate optimization resulted in one optimum solution formula which was 18.000% propylene glycol and 12.000% ethanol with a maximum flux of 1.957 ug/cm2.minute and desirability 1. It can be concluded that the best ibuprofen penetration rate was F2 with flux 1.945 ± 0.0104 µg/cm2.minute with 15% propylene glycol and 15% ethanol.   Keywords: gel, ibuprofen, propylene glycol, ethanol, simplex lattice design  

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF BENTONITE LIQUID DETERGENT FOR CLEANSING OF EXTREME NAJS USING SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Desi Susilo Wati ◽  
Abdul Rohman ◽  
Mufrod .
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
T Test ◽  
Liquid Detergent ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Foam Power ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula

Objective: The objective of this research was to formulate bentonite (clay) liquid detergent (BLD) using bentonite combined with vegetable oils intended for cleansing of extreme najs.Methods: In this study, five formulas of BLD in combination with vegetable oils (coconut and palm oils) were made. The quality of BLD was evaluated in terms of organoleptic, foam power, foam stability, viscocity, pH, free alkali, and total fatty acids. These parameters were analyzed using simplex lattice design (SLD) in order to get the optimum formula of BLD. The verification of optimum formula was carried out using statistical analysis of one sample t-test at a significance level (P) of 0.05.Results: The results showed that the optimum concentration of bentonite was 6.4% with the percentage of cocount oil and palm oil of 95.1% and 4.9%, respectively. Based on one sample t-test, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) of foam power, foam stability, and pH between optimum formula BLD predicted using SLD and that actually formulated.Conclusion: BLD formulated can be used as innovatine means for cleansing extreme najs.

scholarly journals Optimasi Formula Tablet Piroksikam Menggunakan Eksipien Laktosa, Avicel pH-101, dan Amprotab dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Ikhwan Yuda Kusuma ◽  
Rani Prabandari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula

Piroxicam solubility in water is very small this cause problem in the process of absorption so that it’s required an optimal formula to establish the physical properties of tablet quality for piroxicam tablets. The purpose of this research was creating formulas with the optimal combination of excipients lactose, Avicel pH 101, and piroxicam amprotab to obtain tablets with good physical properties and disolution. Seven piroxicam tablet formulas were made with a combination of lactose, avicel PH-101, and Amprotab on 2 batches. Method for making tablets piroxicam was established by direct compression. Tests included were the physical properties of piroxicam tablets tablets weight uniformity, uniformity of size, hardness, brittleness, disintegration test, as well as dissolution test, and content uniformity. Based on the simplex lattice design method, lactose is a dominant factor to improved the uniformity of tablet’s concentartions. Interaction of two components avicel PH-101 and amprotab is a dominant factor to reduced vulnerability. Interaction of three components lactose, avicel PH-101 and amprotab is a dominant factor to lowered the value coefisien variation of weight uniformity, increased hardness, decreased the disintegration, and improved dissolution of tablets. Selection of the optimum formula was determined by the method of simplex lattice design through diagrams superimposed contour plots and contour plots for obtaining the optimal proportions of each ingredient as follows: lactose (85,154–100%), avicel PH-101 (0–12,437%), and amprotab (0–5,425%).

scholarly journals Optimization of Formula Granule of Lempuyang Gajah (Zingiber zerumbet (L) J.E.Smith) Rhizome Purified Extract as a Larvicide

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Tri Murini ◽  
Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih ◽  
Achmad Fudholi ◽  
Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Zingiber Zerumbet ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Granule Formulation ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula

Lempuyang gajah rhizome (Zingiber zerumbet (L) Smith is considered potential as larvicidal. A previous study has shown that the purified extract of Z. zerumbet rhizome was toxic against Adese aegypti larvae.  The aim of the study it to formulate a purified extract of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith in granule preparations by combining Sodium starch glycolate, PVP K-30 and tween 80.  The granule formulation was optimized by the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method with using Design expert program 7.1.5. The results showed that the interaction of the three components can increase the flow rate index, the angle of repose, and reduce absorption. The optimum formula obtained was Sodium starch glycolate 2%, PVP K-30 2%, and Tween 80 5%. The analysis of one sample t-test shows that there is no significant difference between the predicted parameter values and the experimental results of the flow rate index and angle of repose, while the absorption response is significantly different. The optimum formula for granules has larvicidal activity with 100% larval death during 12-hour treatment.

scholarly journals Optimasi Formula Sediaan Losion Tabir Surya dari Ekstrak Etanol Terpurifikasi Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) Dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Yeyen Dwi Iryani ◽  
Ika Yuni Astuti ◽  
Diniatik Diniatik
Keyword(s):  
Software Design ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula

Ekstrak kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) mengandung senyawa xanton yang memiliki aktivitas farmakologis dimana salah satu turunan xanton  α-mangostin bekerja sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui etanol yang menghasilkan ekstrak dengan jumlah xanton tertinggi, menguji aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya dari ekstrak terpurifikasi serta mengoptimasi formula sediaan losion tabir surya dari ekstrak terpurifikasi kulit manggis.Optimasi formula losion dilakukan menggunakan software Design Expert® versi 11 dengan kombinasi ekstrak terpurifikasi, asam stearat dan trietanolamin. 14 formula losion dievaluasi nilai SPF, pH dan viskositasnya untuk penentuan formula optimum. Formula optimum selanjutnya diuji nilai SPF, ph dan viskositas untuk membandingkan prediksi software dan hasil percobaan. Selain itu dilakukan uji daya sebar, daya lekat serta stabilitas mekanis terhadap formula optimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan xanton dalam ekstrak etanol 50% sebesar 20,42%, ekstrak etanol 70 % sebesar 29,88% dan ekstrak etanol 96% sebesar 64,57%. Ekstrak terpurifikasi kulit buah manggis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 5,53 dan nilai AAI 14,46 serta memiliki nilai SPF 8,94 pada konsentrasi 50 µg/ml. Formula optimum yang diperoleh memiliki nilai SPF 7,49 ± 0,0297, kekentalan 21.166,666 cp ± 10,41 serta pH 6,490 ± 0,0404, daya sebar 7,833333 ± 0,15, daya lekat 2,03 ± 0,01.

OPTIMASI POLIVINILPIROLIDON DAN CARBOPOL PADA SEDIAAN PATCH DISPERSI PADAT PIROKSIKAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Dwi Nurahmanto ◽  
Friska Wira Sabrina ◽  
Lidya Ameliana
Keyword(s):  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Peg 4000 ◽  
First Pass Metabolism ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Pass Metabolism

Piroxicam, a non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAID), is an oxicam derivative which can be used for treatment of various rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Piroxicam patch is an affective approach evading piroxicam’s side effect such as peptic ulcer and first pass metabolism. One of the patch components is polymer that the function is to control the speed of drug release from the patch. The aims of this study were to determine the optimum formula of a combination of polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) and Carbopol to % moisture content (MC) and the flux release in solid dispersion piroxicam patch using Simplex Lattice Design. Piroxicam was prepared in the form of a solid dispersion in PEG 4000 to increase its solubility. The design formula of solid dispersion piroxicam patch made with the ratio PVP : Carbopol, that were 1 : 0; 0.5 : 0.5; 0 : 1. The optimum formula was chosen with the ratio PVP : Carbopol, 1: 0, which gave the best result of % MC and flux release. The result of % MC was 6.91% and the result of flux release was 35.543 µg/cm2.menit1/2.

scholarly journals Optimasi Asam Glikolat dan Asam Sitrat dalam Krim Tabir Surya Kombinasi Titanium Dioksida, Avobenzone dan Octyl Methoxycinnamate

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Desy Diana Sari ◽  
Lidya Ameliana ◽  
Dwi Nurahmanto
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main cause of sunburn and skin cancer. The adverse effects of UV radiation are solved by sunscreen as protection for longer outdoors. In this study, optimization of glycolic acid and citric acid in sunscreen cream combination of titanium dioxide, avobenzone, and octyl methoxycinnamate were investigated using simplex lattice design method. The sunscreen cream evaluation includes physicochemical testing (organoleptic, homogeneity, emulsion type, spreadability, viscosity, and pH) and sunscreen effectiveness (SPF, % erythema transmission, and % pigmentation transmission). The value of physicochemical testing are 5,96 cm - 6,3 cm of  spreadability testing; 83,33 dPa.s – 108,33 dPa.s of viscosity testing; 4,06 – 4,67 of pH testing. The value of sunscreen effectiveness are 9,79 – 13,35 of SPF testing; 4,55x10-06 - 0,15x10-06% of % erythema transmission; 5,77 – 7,16 % of % pigmentation transmission. The optimum formula was obtained by combining glycolic acid 2% and citric acid 0% with a desirability value of 0,649.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI GEL HAND SANITIZER OLEUM CITRI DENGAN KOMBINASI CARBOPOL, LIDAH BUAYA DAN TEA MENGGUNAKAN SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Joko Santoso ◽  
◽  
Heru Nurcahyo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula

Handsanitizer gel is composed of various additives such as geling agents, humectants and neutralizing / stabilizing agents. This material is certainly a basic ingredient that will affect the shape and quality of the preparation. Carbopol is very good when used, so that low levels can provide a significant viscosity response. Eleven hand sanitizer gel formulas with variations of carbomer, aloe vera and TEA were tested for their physical properties including organoleptic, homogeneity test, pH test, spreadability and adhesion test . The optimum formula is obtained by using the Simplex Lattice Design method, then the results are analyzed using an expert design software. The optimum formula for oleum citri hand sanitizer gel contains 0.944 with carbomer 0 (0.5%), aloe vera 0.471 (5.239%) and TEA 0.529 (0.576%). The t test results obtained showed insignificant differences between the response of the physical properties of the experiment results and the prediction software.

scholarly journals Optimasi Formula Krim Ekstrak Daun Katuk (Sauropus Androgynus) Variasi Konsentrasi Asam Stearat, Trietanolamin, dan Gliserin

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-119
Author(s):  
Febia Arien Lestari ◽  
Wahida Hajrin ◽  
Nisa Isneni Hanifa
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice Design ◽  
Simplex Lattice ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Selection Of

Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) contain secondary metabolite compounds: flavonoids and polyphenols which has bioactivity as antioxidants. Antioxidants act as photoprotector, so it can be formulated into sun protection product. The selection of cream base is very important due to it’s not only as vehicle of active ingredients but also affecting cream’s physical properties and effectiveness. This study aims to determine the composition of the optimum base formula and evaluation formula cream of extract katuk leaves with variations concentration of stearic acid, TEA, and glycerin. Formula optimization was conducted through the Simplex Lattice Design methode with 13 formulas. The results of evaluation were processed with Design Expert software. The optimum formula was respectively at 13.16% stearic acid, 12% glycerin, and 3.84% TEA. The optimum formula cream evaluation was spreadability in 4.89 cm, 0.56 s stickiness power, and pH 6,1. Acceptability test results showed that the cream could accepted by society very well.

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