scholarly journals Resistance and Phenotypic Character of Chili M2 Mutant Lines Against Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Ifa Manzila ◽  
Neni Gunaeni ◽  
Yenni Kusandriani ◽  
Tri P. Priyatno
Keyword(s):  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Phenotypic Character ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus

<p>Chilli veinal mottle virus infection (ChiVMV) could reduce the quality and 60–100% of yield losses of chili. Among the chili<br />varieties released, no one has been resistant to ChiVMV, mainly due to a high variation of ChiVMV strains and not well mapped.<br />Therefore, finding a new source of ChiVMV resistant genes is pivotal role in order to assembly new varieties. Approach through<br />in vitro mutation induction using mutagen ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) is one of the efforts to increase genetic diversity.<br />Previous studies has successfully acquired 800 M2 lines through callus induction of Gelora variety with EMS. This study aimed to<br />obtain M2 lines resistant to ChiVMV and having a good agronomical characters. A total of 800 chili M2 lines that derived from chili<br />M2 mutations using mutagen EMS has been tested in greenhouse to ChiVMV resistance and studied character phenotype. The<br />results showed that of the 800 lines, there were 28 strains obtained showed a response tolerant and resistant to ChiVMV. Eight<br />mutant lines of which have good agronomic characters. The mutant lines are M2.100, M2.108, M2.200, M2. 122, M2.238, M2.353,<br />M2.420, and M2.517. Eight lines will be selected and further observed to obtain chili promising lines that are resistant to ChiVMV<br />and high yielding.</p>

scholarly journals Chilli veinal mottle virus HCPro interacts with catalase to facilitate virus infection in Nicotiana tabacum

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (18) ◽  
pp. 5656-5668
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Long Qiu ◽  
Wanying Huang ◽  
Qianyi Xu ◽  
Jialing Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Systemic Necrosis ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Silencing Suppression ◽  
Helper Component Proteinase ◽  
Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus

Abstract Plant symptoms are derived from specific interactions between virus and host components. However, little is known about viral or host factors that participate in the establishment of systemic necrosis. Here, we showed that helper component proteinase (HCPro), encoded by Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), could directly interact with catalase 1 (CAT1) and catalase 3 (CAT3) in the cytoplasm of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants to facilitate viral infection. In vitro, the activities of CAT1 and CAT3 were inhibited by the interaction between HCPro and CATs. The C-terminus of HCPro was essential for their interaction and was also required for the decrease of enzyme activities. Interestingly, the mRNA and protein level of CATs were up-regulated in tobacco plants in response to ChiVMV infection. Nicotiana tabacum plants with HCPro overexpression or CAT1 knockout were more susceptible to ChiVMV infection, which was similar to the case of H2O2-pre-treated plants, and the overexpression of CAT1 inhibited ChiVMV accumulation. Also, neither CAT1 nor CAT3 could affect the RNA silencing suppression (RSS) activity of HCPro. Our results showed that the interaction between HCPro and CATs promoted the development of plant systemic necrosis, revealing a novel role for HCPro in virus infection and pathogenicity.

scholarly journals Identification of Two New Isolates of Chilli veinal mottle virus From Different Regions in China: Molecular Diversity, Phylogenetic and Recombination Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaofei Rao ◽  
Xuwei Chen ◽  
Shiyou Qiu ◽  
Jiejun Peng ◽  
Hongying Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Recombination Analysis ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
The World ◽  
Evolutionary Event ◽  
First Time ◽  
Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus

Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) is an important plant pathogen with a wide host range, causing serious yield losses in pepper production all over the world. Recombination is a major evolutionary event for single-stranded RNA viruses, which helps isolates adapt to new environmental conditions and hosts. Recombination events have been identified in multiple potyviruses, but so far, there have been no reports of recombination events among the ChiVMV population. We here detected ChiVMV in pepper samples collected from Guangxi and Yunnan provinces for the first time and amplified the nearly full-length sequences. Phylogenetic and recombination analysis were performed using the new sequences and the 14 full-length and 23 capsid protein (CP) sequences available in GenBank. Isolates tend to cluster on a geographical basis, indicating that geographic-driven evolution may be an important determinant of ChiVMV genetic differences. A total of 10 recombination events were detected among the ChiVMV sequences using RDP4 with a strict algorithm, and both the Guangxi and Yunnan isolates were identified as recombinants. Recombination appears to be a significant factor affecting the diversity of ChiVMV isolates.

scholarly journals First report of Chilli veinal mottle virus in Naga chilli (Capsicum chinense) in Meghalaya, India

VirusDisease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Banerjee ◽  
Ram Dutta ◽  
Somnath Roy ◽  
S. V. Ngachan
Keyword(s):  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
First Report ◽  
Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus

Expression and Self Assembly of Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus Capsid Proteins inPichia pastorisand Encapsulation of Fluorescent Myoglobin

2011 ◽  
Vol 1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanzheng Wu ◽  
Hetong Yang ◽  
Hyun-Jae Shin
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Cesium Chloride ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle

Abstract:Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) has been a model system for virus studies for over 40 years and now is considered to be a perfect candidate as nanoplatform for applications in materials science and medicine. The ability of CCMV to self assemblein vitrointo virus-like particles (VLPs) or capsids makes an ideal reaction vessel for nanomaterial synthesis and entrapment. Here we report expression of codon optimized CCMV coat protein inPichia pastorisand production of self assembled CCMV VLPs by large-scale fermentation. CCMV coat protein gene (573 bp) was synthesized according to codon preference ofP. pastorisand cloned into pPICZA vector. The recombinant plasmid pPICZA-CP was transformed intoP. pastorisGS115 by electroporation. The resulting yeast colonies were screened by PCR and analyzed for protein expression by SDS-PAGE. After large-scale fermentation CCMV coat protein yields reached 4.8 g L−1. The CCMV VLPs were purified by modified PEG precipitation followed by cesium chloride density gradient ultracentrifugation, and then analyzed by size exclusion fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC), UV spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy. Myoglobin was used as a model protein to be encapsulated in CCMV VLPs. The fluorescence spectroscopy showed that inclusion of myoglobin had occurred. The results indicated the production of CCMV capsids byP. pastorisfermentation now available for utilization in pharmacology or nanotechnology fields.

scholarly journals Dynamic analysis of pulsed cisplatin identifies effectors of resistance in lung adenocarcinoma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan F. Hastings ◽  
Alvaro Gonzalez-Rajal ◽  
Jeremy Z.R. Han ◽  
Rachael A. McCloy ◽  
Yolande E.I. O’Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Dna Breaks ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Cisplatin Sensitivity ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Platinum Chemotherapy

AbstractIdentification of clinically viable strategies for overcoming resistance to platinum chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma has been hampered by inappropriately tailored in vitro assays of drug response. Therefore, using a pulse model that closely recapitulates the in vivo pharmacokinetics of platinum therapy, we profiled cisplatin-induced signalling, DNA damage and apoptotic responses across a panel of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. By coupling this data with real-time, single cell imaging of cell cycle and apoptosis, we show that TP53 mutation status influenced the mode of cisplatin induced cell cycle arrest, but could not predict cisplatin sensitivity. In contrast, P70S6K-mediated signalling promoted resistance by increasing p53/p63 and p21 expression, reducing double-stranded DNA breaks and apoptosis. Targeting P70S6K sensitised both TP53 wildtype and null lines to cisplatin, but not TP53 mutant lines. In summary, using in vitro assays that mimic in vivo pharmacokinetics identified P70S6K as a robust mediator of cisplatin resistance and highlighted the importance of considering somatic mutation status when designing patient-specific combination therapies.

scholarly journals Results and prospects for the development of scientific research in FSBSI FSVC

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
V. F. Pivovarov ◽  
A. V. Soldatenko ◽  
O. N. Pyshnaya ◽  
L. K. Gurkina
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Microspore Culture ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Creation

The article reflects the issues of the current state of scientific research at the FSBSI FSVC, shows the directions and prospects for the development of selection and seed production of vegetable crops. The main mission of the selection and seed-growing work of the FSVC is the creation and reproduction of varieties and hybrids of vegetable and melon crops of a new generation, characterized by resistance to abiotic and biotic stressors, high productivity and product quality. One of the main ways to increase the efficiency of the breeding process is the use of modern methods of biotechnology and molecular genetics, which make it possible to obtain new genotypes and reduce the time of breeding. Success has been achieved in the creation of homozygous lines of cabbage, squash, cucumber, carrots. For the first time, it was possible to complete a full cycle of obtaining doubled radish haploids in microspore culture in vitro. The institution pays special attention to immunological research on the resistance of crops and new varieties to diseases, as well as protecting plants from pests and diseases. Phytosanitary monitoring, assessment and selection of resistant genotypes are carried every years. One of the important theoretical and practical problems solved at the institution is the development of environmentally friendly products based on preparations obtained from plants with a high content of biologically active compounds with adaptogenic properties. In the center, a new direction of research in traditional breeding has received significant development - the creation of varieties of vegetable plants with an increased content of biologically active substances and antioxidants, on the basis of which functional products are created. The persistence of modern varieties and hybrids of table carrots, depending on the biochemical composition, has been studied. Methods for enriching vegetable plants with micronutrients are being developed. A large amount of scientific research is being carried out on the development of technologies for the cultivation of new varieties and hybrids, as well as technologies for their seed production. At the branches located in different soil and climatic conditions, hospitals were established to study the interaction of factors controlling soil fertility and the productivity of vegetable crops in agrocenoses (crop rotation, soil treatment systems, fertilizers and plant protection). In general, at the FSBSI FSVC, all research is aimed at developing and improving methods in breeding and seed production of vegetable crops, creating new breeding achievements and developing varietal technologies for their cultivation.

scholarly journals Sour cherry anthracnose and possibilities of the control with special regard to resident Glomerella population in sour cherry plantations of East Hungary

2010 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyula Oros ◽  
László Vajna ◽  
Klára Balázs ◽  
Zoltán Fekete ◽  
Zoltán Naár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Special Regard

Anthracnose is considered one of the most destructive diseases for sour cherry production due to the rapid development of the disease on fruits. Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & H. Schrenk (anam.: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz.) has been the fungal pathogen responsible for anthracnose in last decades. Yield losses greater than 90% may occur under epidemic conditions. C. acutatum (J.H. Simmonds, 1968) strains were isolated of sourcherry plantations in East Hungary and this pathogen, new for Hungarian microbiont became recently dominant. Contrarily to the former species it is certainly transmitted with ants during fruit ripening. About third of strains proved to be cutinase producers that enable them to actively penetrate via cuticule, and these strains infect directly berries of blackberry, grape and tomato as well as plum and apple. Most of cutinase negative strains could also infect these fruits after mechanic injury. All strains of both species produce amylase, cellulase, lecithinase, lipase, polyfenoloxydase and protease in vitro, although the activity of these enzymes highly varied in the medium. The only C. acutatum strains produced noticeable amount of chitinase. Strains, tolerant to recently applied fungicides to control the anthracnose, could be isolated of sour cherry plantations that might be the cause of ineffectiveness of control measures in 2010. The mycofungicide containing mixture of three Trichoderma species in oil carrier could efficiently depress the development of anthracnose in ripening sour cherry.

scholarly journals KETAHANAN BEBERAPA KULTIVAR CABAI TERHADAP CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS DAN CHILLI VEINAL MOTTLE VIRUS

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taufik ◽  
Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat ◽  
Sriani Sujiprihati ◽  
Gede Suastika ◽  
Sientje Mandang Sumaraw
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Tolerance Response ◽  
Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus ◽  
Das Elisa

Resistance Evaluation of Chillipepper Cultivars for Cucumber Mosaic Virus and Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus.  The use of resistance culivars is an important strategy for management of virus infection in chillipepper. A research was undergone to study the effect of single and mix infection of CMV and ChiVMV on the disease incidence and on the growth and yield of nine chillipepper cultivars, i.e. Cilibangi 4, Cilibangi 5, Cilibangi 6, Helem, Jatilaba, Tit Bulat, Tit Segitiga, Tit Super and Tampar. Mechanical inoculation was conducted to transmit the virus. Infection of the virus was then confirmed with DAS-ELISA.  In general, inoculated chillipepper cultivars developed similar symptoms, i.e. mosaic type for CMV and mottle type for ChiVMV.  More severe symptom was not always observed from mix infection of CMV and ChiVMV. Disease incidence occurred in the range of 16.67 – 86.0% and this caused 18.3 – 98.6% yield loss.  Based on symptom expression, ELISA result, and reduction on yield, it can be concluded that all chillipepper cultivars used in this study could not hold up the virus infection. However, several cultivars showed tolerance response :  Jatilaba, Tit Super, and Tampar for CMV; Cilibangi 4 for ChiVMV; Tit Super for mix infection; and Cilibangi 5 for CMV, ChiVMV, and mix infection.  Further evaluation and investigation involving different chillipepper cultivars should be conducted.

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