Approaches to and Treatment Strategies for Playing-Related Pain Problems Among Czech Instrumental Music Students: An Epidemiological Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos I Ioannou ◽  
Eckart Altenmuller
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Paper Questionnaire

The current study examined the severity of playing-related pain (PRP) problems among music students at the Prague State Conservatoire, as well as the various treatment methods used by these students and how they approach and deal with these phenomena while studying. In total, 180 instrumental students participated and completed a paper questionnaire. Of these, 88.9% reported that they had experienced PRP at least once in their lives, with 12.6% experiencing pain every time they play. The onset of PRP seemed to coincide with the transition period on entry to the conservatoire and was associated with the increase in hours of practice. Specific body regions associated with playing each particular instrument were most frequently affected, with females being more susceptible than males to the development of PRP. An alarming 35% of the affected students tended not to seek help at all, whereas those who did tended to seek advice first from their instrument tutor and second from medical doctors. Most students who visited doctors reported that medical treatments only partially helped them to overcome PRP problems. The most frequent treatment methods used were resting, gel or creams, and physical exercises. Students believed that inappropriate posture played a key role in the development of their PRP problems. Finally, students indicated a willingness to be aware of and educated about PRP issues during their studies. Further exploration of PRP problems among student musicians is warranted. Better understanding of differing attitudes toward, use of, and efficiency of various treatment methods after the occurrence of PRPs will provide additional insight for prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Clinician-Reported Patient Awareness of Symptoms and Severity of Tardive Dyskinesia in Patients Prescribed VMAT2 Inhibitors

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-151
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Meyer ◽  
Ericha Franey ◽  
Leslie Lundt ◽  
Betsy Benning ◽  
Edward Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Vesicular Monoamine Transporter ◽  
Patient Awareness ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Regions

AbstractObjectiveVesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors including valbenazine are first-line therapies for tardive dyskinesia (TD), a persistent movement disorder associated with antipsychotic exposure. This real-world study was performed to assess the association between patient awareness of TD symptoms and clinician-assessed symptom severity.MethodsClinicians who treated antipsychotic-induced TD with a VMAT2 inhibitor within the past 24 months were asked to extract demographic/clinical data from patients charts and complete a survey for additional data, including patient awareness of TD (yes/no) and TD symptom severity (mild/moderate/severe).ResultsData for 601 patients were provided by 163 clinicians (113 psychiatrists; 46 neurologists; 4 primary care physicians). Patient demographics: 50% male; mean age 50.6 years; 55% schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder; 29% bipolar disorder; 16% other psychiatric diagnoses. Positive relationships were seen between patient awareness and clinician-assessed symptom severity. Awareness was highest in patients with severe symptoms in specific body regions: face (88% vs 78%/69% [awareness by severe vs moderate/mild symptoms]); jaw (90% vs 80%/67%); wrists (90% vs 69%/63%). In other regions, awareness was similar in patients with severe or moderate symptoms: lips (85%/86% vs 68% [severe/moderate vs mild]); tongue (81%/80% vs 73%); neck (80%/78% vs 68%); arms (67%/66% vs 62%); knees (67%/67% vs 53%).ConclusionsIn patients prescribed a VMAT2 inhibitor for TD, patient awareness was generally higher in those determined to have moderate-to-severe symptom severity as assessed by the clinician. More research is needed to understand how awareness and severity contribute to TD burden, and whether different treatment strategies are needed based on these factors.FundingNeurocrine Biosciences, Inc.

Cholangiocarcinoma therapeutics: an update

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Ly Thi Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Linh Toan ◽  
Maria Bozko ◽  
Khac Cuong Bui ◽  
Przemyslaw Bozko
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Tumour Resection ◽  
First Line ◽  
Treatment Methods

Background: Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common hepatobiliary cancer and associated with poor prognosis. Only one-third of CCA cases are diagnosed at operable stages. However, a high rate of relapse has been observed post-operatively. Besides screening for operable individuals, efficacious therapeutic for recurrent and advanced CCA is urgently needed. Treatment outcome of available therapeutics is important to clarify clinical indication and facilitate development of treatment strategies. Objective: This review aims to compare the treatment outcome of different therapeutics based on both overall survival and progression-free survival. Methods: Over one hundred peer-reviewed articles were examined. We compared the treatment outcome between different treatment methods, including tumour resection with or without postoperative systematic therapy, chemotherapies including FOFLOX and targeted therapies, such as IDH1, K-RAS and FGFR inhibitors. Notably, the scientific basis and outcome of available treatment methods werecompared with the standard first-line therapy. Results: CCAs at early stages should firstly undergo tumour resection surgery, followed by postoperative treatment with Capecitabine. Chemotherapy can be considered as a preoperative option for unresectable CCAs. Inoperable CCAs with genetic aberrances like FGFR alterations, IDH1 and K-RAS mutations should be considered with targeted therapies. Fluoropyrimidine prodrug (S-1)/Gemcitabine/Cisplatin and nab-Paclitaxel/Gemcitabine/Cisplatin show favourable outcome which hints on the triplet regimen to be superior to Gemcitabine/Cisplatinon CCA. Thetriplet chemotherapeutic should be tested further compared toGemcitabine/Cisplatin among CCAs without genetic alterations.Gemcitabine plus S-1 was recently suggested as the convenient and equivalent standard first line for advanced/recurrent biliary tract cancer. Conclusions: Thisreview provides a comparative outcomebetween novel targeted therapies and currently available therapeutics.

PERFORMANCE ANXIETY, DYSFUNCTIONAL ATTITUDES AND GENDER IN UNIVERSITY MUSIC STUDENTS

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1415-1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Deniz Yondem
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Solo Performance ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Need For Approval ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Performance Examination

The aims of this study were twofold: 1) to investigate the relationships between anxiety and general dysfunctional attitudes, perfectionism, and the need for approval in the solo performance examination of Turkish university music students, and 2) to examine the effects of perfectionism, need for approval, and gender on anxiety. Fifty-four instrumental music students participated in this study. Research data were collected using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (Beck, Epstein, Brown, & Steer, 1988) and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (Weissman & Beck, 1978). The results revealed that there are significant positive correlations between anxiety and total score of dysfunctional attitudes, and the need for approval (p < .05). The ANOVA results also showed that while there was no main effect of perfectionism, need for approval and gender had significant effects (p < .05) on anxiety. However, interaction effects of perfectionism, need for approval, and gender on anxiety were not significant. Results are discussed in the context of related literature.

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Medical Treatments for Thyroid Eye Disease: A Network Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nuo Xu ◽  
Yi Cui ◽  
Tianlu Xie ◽  
Mi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Somatostatin Analogs ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Thyroid Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Orbital Radiotherapy ◽  
Oral Glucocorticoids ◽  
Intravenous Glucocorticoids

Purpose. Numerous medical strategies have been proposed for the treatment of thyroid eye disease (TED); however, the best methods for standard treatment are still a matter of controversy. The purpose of this network meta-analysis was to integrate previous evidence to create hierarchies of comparative efficacy of eleven commonly used medical treatments for TED. Methods. A comprehensive search of electronic scientific literature databases was performed and the data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing treatment outcomes for patients with active TED were selected. Treatment strategies included in this network meta-analysis were intravenous glucocorticoids (IVGC), oral glucocorticoids (OGC), orbital injection of glucocorticoids (OIGC), orbital radiotherapy (OR), intravenous glucocorticoids combined with orbital radiotherapy (IVGC + OR), oral glucocorticoids combined with orbital radiotherapy (OGC + OR), rituximab (RTX), somatostatin analogs, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), teprotumumab, and cyclosporine. The outcomes were response rate, mean difference in proptosis reduction, and reduction in disease activity. A random-effects network meta-analysis using a frequent method was conducted in STATA. Results. Twenty-three studies comprising a total of 1047 patients were included in the analysis. Inconsistency plots showed heterogeneity in the IVGC-Placebo-RTX loop to some extent (RoR = 8.029, P=0.075). Rankings of response rates were as follows: IVGC + OR, teprotumumab, IVGC, OGC + OR, RTX, OIGC, OR, IVIG, OGC, somatostatin, placebo, and cyclosporine. The rank probability analysis of proptosis reduction showed that teprotumumab was the most effective, followed by IVGC, IVGC + OR, OIGC, OGC, OGC + OR, OR, somatostatin, cyclosporine, and placebo. Conclusions. IVGC, alone or combination with OR, and teprotumumab should be preferred as the most effective strategies for active moderate to severe TED. Teprotumumab showed profound effect on proptosis reduction. OIGC, OR, and somatostatin analogs showed some statistical benefit and can be employed as second-line treatment strategies. RTX is a promising biologic agent, but more RCTs are required to define its appropriate role in treating TED.

Genome-wide association experiments have uncovered a slew of cardiometabolic trait-associated variants. This information can be useful in the implementation of new diagnostic and treatment strategies.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Association Studies ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Noncoding Region ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders

A slew of cardiometabolic trait-associated variants have been discovered thanksto genome-wide association studies. The majority of imputed SNPs are locatedin the noncoding region, suggesting that noncoding genes are significant. In thissense, lncRNAs are gaining attention due to their biological functions, andrising data suggests that lncRNAs could be able to assist researchers in betterunderstanding the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disorders. The existing stateof knowledge about lncRNAs in cardiometabolic disorders is still in its earlystages, and further research will help us better understand how the noncodingsector regulates us. This knowledge would be important in the development ofmodern diagnosis and treatment methods.

Playing-Related Health Problems Among Instrumental Music Students at a University in Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Lonsdale ◽  
Ong Kuan Boon
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range

Musicians from a wide range of backgrounds experience playing-related health problems including musculoskeletal disorders, hearing loss, and performance anxiety. Few studies have focused specifically on the health concerns of musicians in Malaysia. AIMS: This study aimed to investigate playing-related health problems among student musicians at a university in Malaysia as well as their knowledge and awareness of playing-related health problems. METHODS: Instrumental music students enrolled in undergraduate and post-graduate university music courses (n=98) participated in a self-report online survey which addressed aspects such as educational background, playing experience, knowledge and awareness of musicians’ health issues, history of physical problems, lifestyle factors, and prevention and management strategies. RESULTS: Of the total participants, 28.9% reported that they were currently experiencing playing-related pain in a body part, and 46.4% had experienced playing-related pain at some time. More than half (56.7%) felt that they have not received enough information or advice on playing-related health during their current studies. Musicians who experienced playing-related pain, tension, and discomfort reported the main problem sites to be the fingers and hands, arms, neck, and shoulders. CONCLUSIONS: The study results demonstrate that Malaysian university music students are affected by similar types of playing-related physical problems as their counterparts around the world. A greater awareness and knowledge of injury prevention and management strategies is needed so that these music students can sustain healthy playing careers.

Parental Involvement, Selected Student Attributes, and Learning Outcomes in Instrumental Music

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Zdzinski
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Elementary Level ◽  
Affective Outcomes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Gender

This study examined relationships among selected aspects of parental involvement as they relate to the cognitive, affective, and performance outcomes of instrumental music students. Independent variables were music aptitude, parental involvement, grade level, and gender. Dependent variables were cognitive musical outcomes, performance outcomes, and affective outcomes. Subjects were instrumental music students ( N = 406) from five intact band programs located in rural New York and Pennsylvania. Wind and percussion volunteers from Grades 4 through 12 participated. Data were examined using descriptive analysis, correlational analysis, and analysis of variance. Major findings included: (1) Parental involvement was related to overall performance, affective, and cognitive musical outcomes. (2) For cognitive musical outcomes, parental involvement was only related at the elementary level. (3) For musical performance outcomes, parental involvement was only related at the elementary level. (4) For affective outcomes, the strength of the parental involvement relationship increased with student age. (5) Items concerning concert attendance, providing materials, participating in parent groups, and tape-recording student performances were related to all outcome areas.

Effects of Certain Lateral Dominance Traits, Music Aptitude, and Sex Differences with Instrumental Music Achievement

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley L. Schleuter
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Music Aptitude ◽  
Music Achievement ◽  
Performance Achievement ◽  
Executive Skills ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Limb Dominance

The effects of music aptitude, sex, handedness, eyedness, and footedness on music achievement and executive skills of elementary instrumental music students was explored. Handedness was defined for the present study as the observed preferred hand used for a specific set of familiar tasks; eyedness refers to sighting dominance; and footedness was defined as the observed foot preferred to perform selected familiar tasks. A five-way multivariate analysis (2×2×3×2×3) was employed to analyze the data. No conclusive evidence was found to show that combinations of eye and limb dominance, sex differences, and music aptitude variables affect music achievement or executive skill variables. Only music aptitude levels when considered alone strongly affected tonal, rhythmic, and performance achievement

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