scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Diare Shigellosis pada Anak Balita

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
A. Zulkifli Abdullah ◽  
A. Arsunan Arsin ◽  
Lidyawati Dahlan

Diare shigellosis pada balita merupakan masalah serius sebab dapat menyebabkan kematian. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko kejadian shigellosis pada anak balita dilakukan studi kasus kontrol di beberapa rumah sakit di Kota Makassar dengan 68 kasus dan 136 kontrol. Datamengenai jenis kelamin dan status gizi anak balita, pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif, status ekonomi, pendidikan ibu, kebiasaan ibu mencuci tangan memakai sabun, kepadatan hunian rumah, sarana air bersih, danjamban keluarga dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dan observasi serta dikategorikan dan disaring (screening) dengan uji chi square. Enam variabel dengan nilai p < 0,25 dimasukkan dalam uji regresi logistik yang menghasilkan3 variabel dengan nilai p < 0,05 (gizi rendah, ASI tidak eksklusif, dan status ekonomi rendah). Uji regresi logistik tahap kedua dengan 3 variabel ini menghasilkan model shigellosis = 1,47 gizi rendah + 1,471 ASI tidak eksklusif + 1,022 status ekonomi rendah – 2,546” dengan nilai oddsratio (OR) = 4,352 (gizi rendah), 4,353 (ASI tidak eksklusif), dan 2,779 (status ekonomi rendah). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa gizi balita yang rendah, pemberian ASI yang tidak eksklusif, dan status ekonomi ibu yang rendah merupakan faktor-faktor risiko penting kejadian diare shigellosis padabalita.Kata kunci: Balita, diare, shigellosis, status giziAbstractShigellosis diarrhea is a serious issue to children under five years old since it may lead to death. To determine the risk factors influence to children under five shigellosis, a case control study conducted in hospitals in Makassar involving 68 cases and 136 controls. Data on sex, nutrition status of children under five, exclusive breastfeeding, economic status, education, hand washing with soap, house density, clean water facility, and toilet were collected by interview and observation. All collected data were categorized and screened using chi-square test to obtain variables for logistic regression. Sixvariables with p value < 0,25 were putted to logistic regression resulted 3 variables with p value < 0,05 (low nutrition status, p value = 0,00; nonexclusive breastfeeding, p value = 0,00; low economic status of mother, p value = 0,00). These variables gave final model of “shigellosis = 1,47 low nutrition status + 1,471 nonexclusive breastfeeding + 1,022 low economic status – 2,546” with odds ratio (OR) = 4,352 (low nutrition status), 4,353 (nonexclusive breastfeeding), and 2,779 (low economic status of mother). This study concludes that low nutrition status, nonexclusive breastfeeding, and low economic status of mother are important risk factors of shigellosis in children under five.Key words: Children under five, diarrhea, logistic regression, shigellosis, nutrition status

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eti Kurniawati

<p>Ascariasis incidence in children under five in the region work of Puskesmas Olak Kemang still a health problem that needs to be addressed, with a percentage of 51.0% is higher than in other wilayh. The disease is not lethal but can undermine the health of the human body so that the resulting decline in nutritional status, decreased intelligence and brain power or immune health in children.</p><p>               This research is a quantitative study using descriptive analytic method with cross sectional study design that aims to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The population in this research that all children under five in the area of Puskesmas Olak Kemang, samples in this study were 75 children under five. Data were analyzed using analysis Univariate and Bivariate analysis with Chi-Square Test.</p><p>               The results showed that 78.0% of mothers of children under five who are not air personal hygiene, 60.4% of mothers of children under five unusual CTPS, 82.1% of respondents who did not state house meliliki latrine / WC. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between personal hygiene (p-value = 0.000), customs CTPS (p-value = 0.001), latrine ownership (p-value = 0.000) with the incidence of intestinal worms in Puskesmas Olak Kemang Jambi.</p><p>               In connection with the results obtained, that the danger of de- worming is dependent on the cleanliness of his mother in serving as personal hygiene, CTPS and Owners toilets in every home. Thus the researchers suggested that the health center may be able to provide information to the public education about the dangers of de- worming to create a healthy society.</p><p> </p>Keyword                     :  Behavior, Children Events


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Tria Eni Rafika devi ◽  
Kursih Sulastriningsih ◽  
Ella Nurlelawati

Posyandu is an important tool in the community that supports efforts to achieve nutri-tionally aware families (KADARZI), helps reduce infant mortality and birth, and accelerates the acceptance of norms of happy and prosperous small families. However, in reality many posyandu members in the community themselves do not use posyandu to monitor their chil-dren's growth and development on the grounds of being busy working or not being able to bring their toddlers to the posyandu and lack of knowledge about the importance of monitoring growth and development in children under five. So a study was conducted aimed at finding out the relationship between the participation of mothers of children under five to posyandu with the weight gain of children under five. This research is observational with cross sectional ap-proach. Data on the participation of mothers of children under five to the posyandu and the weight of children under five is taken directly from the records of KMS and Posyandu Infor-mation Systems (SIP) for children under five in the posyandu. Analysis of the data used is the Chi-Square test. There is a relationship between the participation of mothers of children under five to the posyandu with the weight gain of children under five with a P value of 0.005. Where as seen from the last six months the participation of mothers of toddlers who actively came to the posyandu was 93.9% and those who were not active 61%, the weight of toddlers who rose by 78.8% and those who did not increase by 21.2%, there was a relationship between partici-pation to posyandu with weight gain. The results of this study can be information and input for PUSKESMAS Sumberberas Muncar Banyuwangi East Java village to provide guidance on the benefits of active participation of children under five to the Posyandu and can be used as a ref-erence to develop further research related to the participation of mothers under five to Posyan-du with weight gain under five. .


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
Eliyana Eliyana ◽  
Enda Silvia Putri

In Indonesia, the problem of nutrition is still very high, we should prepare the Indonesian generation in a healthy, intelligent and quality manner to be able to continue the development of the Indonesian nation to be more advanced, just and prosperous. The survey results obtained data for 72 children under five, there were 83.3% under five with good nutritional status, 2.8% under five with overweight status, 12.5% ​​under five with malnutrition status, and 1.4% under five with poor nutritional status. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and actions of mothers in giving food to the nutritional status of children under five. This study used a cross sectional analytic survey, the primary data was obtained from the measurement of the toddler's weight. The population of this research is all mothers who have toddlers totaling 72 respondents, the sample in this study is all of the total population. The research analysis was univariate and bivariate using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between mother's knowledge (P-value = 0.001), mother's attitude (P-value = 0.02), and mother's actions (P-value = 0.01) with the nutritional status of children under five.


2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280
Author(s):  
Utami Dwipayanti

Diarrhea remains an important health issues in Klungkung Regency. Community Based Total Sanitation Program (STBM) is a national program that aims to reduce diarrhoea incidence by changging people’s sanitation behavior. The objective of the research is to examine factors related to the aspect of pilar 1, 2 and 3 of STBM program towards diarrhea case among children under five in the catchment area of Puskesmas Banjarangkan II, Klungkung. This research is an observasional research with case control design on 37 mothers of children with diarrhea as cases and 37 controls. Demographic information, access and practice related to pilar 1,2,3 of STBM were collected using questionnaire developed based on STBM verification form. The data was analysed using Chi Square test and logistic regression. Aspects of Pillars 1,2 and 3 STBM program significantly associate with diarrhea incidence among children under five in Banjarangkan II Health Center catchment area, namely the quality of toilet and hand washing facilities, and hand washing with soap behavior at five critical. The logistic regression shows that determinants of diarrhea include the quality of toilet (AOR= 12.08), the quality of hand washing facilities (AOR= 9,43) and hand washing with soap behaviour before taking care and feeding the infant (AOR= 9,88). It is recommended for future implementation and monitoring of STBM program to emphasise more on the hygienic quality of toilet and hand washing facilities, as well as the hand washing behaviour in five critical times beside on the time after defecating. Keywords : diarrhea, hand washing, food hygiene, toilet, total sanitation Abstrak Diare masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Kabupaten Klungkung. Program Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) merupakan salah satu program yang bertujuan menurunkan kejadian diare dengan mengubah perilaku sanitasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor Aspek Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) Pilar 1, 2 dan 3 terhadap kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah Puskesmas Banjarangkan II di Kecamatan Banjarangkan Kabupaten Klungkung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain Case Control yang dilakukan terhadap 37 ibu balita sebagai kasus dan 37 ibu balita sebagai kontrol. Informasi demografi, akses dan praktik terkait pilar 1,2,3 STBM dikumpulkan menggunakan kuisioner yang dikembangkan berdasarkan formulir verifikasi STBM. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi Square dan regresi logistik. Aspek STBM pilar 1,2 dan 3 yang berhubungan bermakna terhadap kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah Puskesmas Banjarangkan II yaitu kualitas sarana sanitasi jamban, kualitas sarana Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS), dan kebiasaan mencuci tangan pakai sabun di 5 waktu kritis. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan determinan kejadian diare di wilayah studi adalah kualitas sarana jamban (AOR= 12.08), kualitas sarana CTPS (AOR= 9,43) dan kebiasaan mencuci tangan pakai sabun sebelum mengurus dan memberi makan balita(AOR= 9,88). Penekanan terhadap kualitas sarana sanitasi dan CTPS, serta perilaku CTPS di 5 waktu kritis selain setelah BAB sangat perlu dilakukan dalam program lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: diare,cuci tangan, higiene makanan, jamban,sanitasi total


2021 ◽  
pp. 264-268
Author(s):  
Sinta Rachmawati ◽  
Khusnul Khotimah ◽  
Ika Norcahyanti

Introduction: Self-medication is the use of medicines by individuals to treat mild symptoms or minor illnesses. It can overcome minor ailments and complaints, such as fever. Fever is a sign of disease often suffered by children under five years. Knowledge and self-medication practice of fever must be mastered well by the mother to handle this symptom correctly. Aims: This study aimed to explore mothers’ knowledge and practices toward self-medication of fever among children under five years and the relationship between knowledge and practices. Method: This study was observational with a cross-sectional design. It involved 385 mothers from Muncar District Banyuwangi, Indonesia. It used a validated questionnaire to collect the data, including five categories, three for knowledge and two for practice. The relationship between knowledge and practice was analyzed by the Chi-square test. Result: The three categories of knowledge were good (83 respondents), sufficient (206 respondents), and insufficient (96 respondents), while the two categories of practice were good (213 respondents) and insufficient (172 respondents). The chi-square test yielded a p-value <0.001. Conclusion: This study revealed a significant relationship between knowledge and practice. Hence, the better the knowledge, the better the practice in fever self-medication.


2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Raden Ahmad Dedy Mardani ◽  
Kanokwan Wetasin ◽  
Wiparat Suwanwaiphatthana

<p>Stunting adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan utama yang berkaitan dengan nutrisi di seluruh dunia, khususnya negara-negara berkembang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor utama yang mempengarui terjadinya stunting pada anak usia dibawah lima tahun.  Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2014 dan merupakan penelitian descriptive cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling untuk memilih posyandu, dan untuk menentukan sampel pada masing-masing posyandu menggunakan proportion stratified random sampling. Total sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 181 sample. Chi-square test and Logistic regression digunakan untuk menganalisis data.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan hubungan yang signifikan antara pendek dengan berat badan lahir (nilai p &lt;.001, PR =1.83), pendidikan ibu (nilai p =.009 PR = 1.80), pengetahuan ibu tentang malnutrisi (nilai p &lt;.001, PR= 2.28), dan tipe-tipe keluarga (nilai p= .003, PR= 1.64); faktor utama penyebab anak pendek pada anak usia dibawah lima tahun adalah pengetahuan ibu tentang malnutrisi (p-value= 0.01, Exp(B)= 0.35).</p><p><em>Stunting is one of the main nutritional health problems throughout the world, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study was to examine the predictor factors affecting the occurrence of stunting in children under five years of age. This  research was conducted at 2014 and this was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The purposive sampling technique was used to choose the community health meeting, and the proportion stratified random sampling technique was used to selecting the sample in each community health meeting. The total sample size was 181 samples. Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed the significant relationships between child’s birth weight (p-value &lt;.001, PR =1.83), mother’s education (p-value =.009 PR = 1.80), mother’s knowledge of child malnutrition (p-value &lt;.001, PR= 2.28), and family types (p-value= .003, PR= 1.64) with stunting; The predictor factor of stunting in children under five years of age was mother’s knowledge of child malnutrition (p-value= 0.01, Exp(B)= 0.35).</em></p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Pahmi Leni

Background: Diarrhea caused the death of six children under five years old in the world in 2016, developing countries and low-income children under five under three years of age experienced diarrhea three times. Diarrhea is the main cause of underfive malnutrition, can be prevented and treated through safe drinking water and good sanitation. This study aims to find out the factors in the household that influence the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years old in Indonesia including drinking water sources, toilet facilities, maternal education and residence. Method: This study used a cross sectional design with Chi Square test, the data analyzed were secondary data from the results of the 2017 IDHS with a toddler population of 17,155, a sample of 2,440 diarrhea children under five years old and 14,715 children under five years old without diarrhea. Processing data using SPSS with univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Research Results: Chi Square Test results have a relationship between the incidence of diarrheal diseases and drinking water sources p-value = 0.035, toilet facilities p-value = 0,000, maternal education p-value = 0,000 and residence p-value = 0,000. Multivariate analysis with Logic Regression found that the most dominant factors affecting the incidence of diarrhea were toilet facilities, maternal education, and residence. Conclusion: The most dominant variables affecting the incidence of under-fives diarrhea are toilet facilities, mother's education and residence. Efforts by the government and the public to prevent diarrhea are to implement open defecation, hand washing with soap, management of household drinking water and food, safeguarding household waste, and securing household liquid waste.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Ferisca Maya Kurnia Wardhani ◽  
Sri Utami ◽  
Dwiyanti Puspitasari

Abstrak Latar Belakang : Gizi kurang dan buruk pada balita dapat mengakibatkan terganggunya pertumbuhan jasmani dan kecerdasan anak. Angka kejadian gizi buruk tertinggi terjadi di Puskesmas Simomulyo Surabaya sebanyak 35 balita pada tahun 2016. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan Pola Pemberian Makan, Sosial Ekonomi dan Riwayat BBLR dengan Status Gizi Balita. Metode: Penelitian cross sectional ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Simomulyo Baru Surabaya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh balita usia 12-59 bulan di Kelurahan Simomulyo Baru Kota Surabaya sebanyak 3036 balita. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 130 balita pada RW 5 dan RW 6 dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara simple random sampling. Pengambilan data dengan kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Status Gizi Bermasalah sebagian besar terjadi pada balita dengan pola pemberian makan yang kurang yaitu 34 balita (97,1%). Pendidikan terakhir ibu balita status gizi bermasalah sebagian besar berpendidikan tinggi yaitu sebanyak 47 orang (49,0%). Pekerjaan ibu balita status gizi bermasalah sebagian besar  tidak bekerja sebanyak 52 orang (49,5%). Balita status gizi bermasalah hampir setengahnya terjadi pada keluarga dengan pendapatan rendah yaitu sebanyak 41 keluarga (58,6%). Balita yang mengalami status gizi bermasalah sebagian besar terjadi pada balita dengan riwayat BBLR cukup bulan saat lahir yaitu sebanyak 23 balita  (88,5%). Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi-Square didapatkan hasil pemberian makan (p-value =0,001), pendidikan ibu (p-value=0,561),  pekerjaan ibu (p-value=0,320), pendapatan keluarga (p-value =0,005), dan riwayat BBLR (p-value =0,001) dengan α=0,05. Kesimpulan: Pola pemberian makan, pendapatan dan riwayat BBLR berhubungan dengan status gizi balita. Sedangkan pendidikan ibu dan pekerjaan ibu tidak berhubungan dengan status gizi balita.Abstract Background: Underweight and malnutrition of children can result in disruption of physical growth and intelligence of children. The highest incidence of malnutrition occurred in Simomulyo Health Center Surabaya as many as 35 children in 2016. The aim of the research was determine the relationship between Feeding Patterns, Social Economy and LBW History with Nutritional Status Toddlers. Method : This cross-sectional study was conducted in Simomulyo Baru Village Surabaya. The population in this study were all toddlers aged 12-59 months in Simomulyo Baru Village, Surabaya, as many as 3036 toddlers. The sample used was 130 toddlers in RW 5 and RW 6 with the sampling technique using simple random sampling. Retrieving data with a questionnaire. Data were analyzed statistically using the Chi-Square test . Results : Troubled Nutritional Status mostly occurred in children under five with poor feeding patterns, namely 34 toddlers (97.1%). The last education of mothers of children under five with a problematic nutritional status was mostly highly educated as many as 47 people (49.0%). The work of mothers of children under five with problematic nutritional status mostly did not work as many as 52 people (49.5%). Toddlers with problematic nutritional status almost half occur in families with low income as many as 41 families (58.6%). Most toddlers who have problematic nutritional status occur in infants with a history of LBW enough months at birth as many as 23 children (88.5%). Based on the Chi-Square test results obtained feeding results ( p-value = 0.001), mother’s education (p-value = 0.561), mother’s work ( p-value = 0.320), family income ( p-value = 0.005), and history LBW ( p-value = 0.001 ) with α=0,05. Conclusion : The pattern of feeding, income and history of LBW is related to the nutritional status of children. While mother’s education and mother’s work is not related to the nutritional status of children.


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Windy Wiena Putri ◽  
Jamaluddin Sakung ◽  
Rochfika Suleiman

Nutritional problems still being main problems in countries such as Indonesia developing. Nutrition status is the one of indicators. Nutrition status of someone affected by variety of factors. The purpose to know what a correlation between the consumption level of energy and protein with nutrition status of kids under five years old in the work Public Health Centre Talise Mantikulore Palu. The method used is analytic survey that use crross sectional, with 73 respondent as sample, the analytic used in this research are univariat and bivariat analyzes by chi-square test.The results of statistical chi square test showed that is meaningful relation between the adequacy of energy and nutrition status of under five children by the P Value 0,001and there is no meaningful relation between the adequacy of protein and nutrition status ofunder five children by the P Value=0,222.Expected to health workers in Public Health CentreTalise to increase the health services for public especially nutrition program. To hold information about the importance of the consumption level of energy or protein. That decline of under five childrenexperienced lack of energy and protein so that it can be create degrees public health maximum. Keyword : Consumption Level of Energy, Protein, Nutritional Status


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Irma Wulandari ◽  
Lily Citra

The posyandu program was carried out for the benefit of the community, in Indonesia in 2010 toddler visits to the posyandu were still 50%. This study aims to determine the relationship of knowledge of mothers of children under five with toddlers visits to posyandu in Beringin Kencana village, Tabunganen District, Barito Kuala Regency The study is analytical, a type of correlational research with a cross-sectional approach. The population and sample were all mothers who had children under five in Beringin Kencana Village, Tabunganen District, Barito Kuala Regency, which amounted to 72 people. The sampling technique used is total sampling. The data collection instrument uses a questionnaire and observation sheet. The statistical test used was the Chi-Square test. The results of the study were 72 respondents, more than 50% were less knowledgeable (69.5%), knowledgeable (5.5%), knowledgeable enough (25%) about posyandu knowledge, more than 50 % of respondents (52.8%) regularly visit toddlers posyandu. The results of the analysis using the chi square test showed p value: 0.516, the value of p> 0.05, there was no relationship between maternal knowledge of children under five and toddler visits to the posyandu. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that the Tabunganen Health Center improve information provision by distributing leaflets on the benefits of toddlers posyandu and toddler visits to the posyandu as well as empowering the community by involving the community to become health cadres. To the next researchers are expected to be able to conduct research with different variables


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