scholarly journals Detection of Nutrients and Major Ions at Al Muthanna Storage Site Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0959
Author(s):  
Al Sharaa Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Major Ions ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Spot Activity ◽  
Storage Area ◽  
Surrounding Areas

In the early 90s military operations and United Nations Special Commission “UNSCOM” teams have been destroyed the past Iraqi chemical program. Both operations led an extensive number of scattered remnants of contaminated areas. The quantities of hazardous materials, incomplete destructed materials, and toxic chemicals were sealed in two bunkers. Deficiency of appropriate destruction technology led to spreading the contamination around the storage site. This paper aims to introduce the environmental detection of the contamination in the storage site area using geospatial analysis technique. The environmental contamination level of nutrients and major ions such as sulphate (SO4), potassium (K), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), phosphate (PO4) and nitrate (NO3) were detected and analyzed. The grid soil samples on the site and surrounding areas have been investigated, analyzed, and compared to the background points. The storage area grid was divided into 30 major sectors and all samples were evaluated from acquires 10 samples from each sector. The detection results have indicated that SO4 level was exceeded the permitted level by 25 times, K level also exceeded the permitted level but by 460, Na ions were 85 times greater the permitted level. Mg level was 180 times higher than that of permitted content. Activity level of Ca in the soil samples of the study area has also exhibited variability with nine times over the permitted level near the bunkers. However, very high contamination spot activity of Cl was found in destruction zone about which 44 times over the background level was found while PO4 level exceeded the permitted level by 35 times over the permitted level and there was no activity detected for the nitrate in the storage area site.

scholarly journals Study a concentration of Uranium for samples of soil from Falluja City using PM-355

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Source ◽  
Uranium Concentration ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Thermal Neutrons ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Fission Tracks ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Back Ground

In this study a concentration of uranium was measured for twenty two samples of soil distributed in many regions (algolan, almoalmeen, alaskary and nasal streets) from Falluja Cityin AL-Anbar Governorate in addition to other region (alandlos street) as a back ground on the Falluja City that there is no military operations happened on it. The uranium concentrations in soil samples measured by using fission tracks registration in (PM-355) track detector that caused by the bombardment of (U) with thermal neutrons from (241Am-Be) neutron source that has flux of (5×103n cm-2 s-1). The concentrations values were calculated by a comparison with standard samples. The results shows that the uranium concentrations algolan street varies from(1.976- 2.736ppm), almoalmeen street varies from (1.895-2.614ppm), and alaskary street varies from (1.657-2.476ppm), and nasal street (1.657-2.476ppm) the average uranium concentration in other region (alandolos) (0.736-1.588ppm). As a conclusion from the study uranium concentration in the four region above that have military operations is relatively higher than back ground

scholarly journals KOI-256’s Magnetic Activity Under the Influence of the White Dwarf

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Yoldaş ◽  
Hasan Ali Dal
Keyword(s):  
White Dwarf ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Magnetic Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Flare Activity ◽  
Migration Period ◽  
Kepler Mission ◽  
Spot Activity

AbstractWe present the findings about chromospheric activity nature of KOI-256 obtained from the Kepler Mission data. First, it was found that there are some sinusoidal variations out-of-eclipses due to cool spot activity. The sinusoidal variations modelled by the spotmodel program indicate that the active component has two different active regions. Their longitudinal variation revealed that one of them has a migration period of 3.95 yrs, while the other has a migration period of 8.37 yrs. Second, 225 flares were detected from the short cadence data in total. The parameters, such as increase (Tr) and decay (Td) times, total flare time (Tt), equivalent durations (P), were calculated for each flare. The distribution of equivalent durations versus total flare times in logarithmic scale is modelled to find flare activity level. The Plateau value known as the saturation level of the active component was calculated to be 2.3121 ± 0.0964 s, and the Half-life value, which is required flare total time to reach the saturation, was computed to be 2233.6 s. In addition, the frequency of N1, which is the number of flares per an hour in the system, was found to be 0.05087 h−1, while the flare frequency N2 that the flare-equivalent duration emitting per an hour was found to be 0.00051. Contrary to the spot activity, it has been found that the flares are in tends to appear at specific phases due to the white dwarf component.

scholarly journals Influence of accumulation of heaps of steel slag on the environment: determination of heavy metals content in the soils

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Garcia-Guinea ◽  
Virgilio Correcher ◽  
Lorena Recio-Vazquez ◽  
Elena Crespo-Feo ◽  
Rafael Gonzalez-Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Farmland Soil ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
High Level

The presence of high level of heavy metals involves a human healthy risk that could induce chronic diseases. This work reports on the metal contamination due to heaps of steel-slag accumulated during more than 40 years in allotments and industrial areas in the southern part of Madrid (Spain). Several slag and soil samples were collected in an area of 10 km² and characterized by different conventional (XRD and XRF) and no so common methods (ESEM, thermoluminescence and EDS-WDS). The analysis reveal the presence of: (i) important amounts of Fe (43%), Mg (26%), Cr (1.1%), Mn (4.6%), S (6.5%) in the form of Fe-rich slag phases (wustite, magnetite...), Si and Ca-rich phases (larnite, ghelenite...), Cr (chromite), Mn (bustamite) and graphite, (ii) traces of some other contaminants such as Cr (7700 ppm), Zn (3500 ppm), Ba (3000 ppm), Pb (700 ppm) or Cu (500 ppm) on pathway soil samples that come from the steel slag, and (iii) Co (13 ppm), Pb (78 ppm) and V (54 ppm) in farmland soil samples. Although the existing heavy metals content is not appropriate for the current use, the extremely high metal contamination of the surrounding areas is more worrying. The properties of the soil farmlands (pH circa 7, 13% of clay, mainly illite, and 1-4% of organic matter content) show suitable conditions for the retention of cationic metals, but further studies on the movilization of these elements have to be performed to determine the possibility of severe human health risks. This sort of study can provide useful information for the politicians regarding the appropriate use of the territory to prevent possible health hazard for the population.

scholarly journals Influence of Dry Beach on the Dynamic Stability of Ash Storage Field: A Numerical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Fangtao She ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Xiangang Zhou ◽  
Changjun Qi ◽  
Jiulong Ding
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Standard Penetration Test ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
The Third ◽  
Storage Area ◽  
China Today ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

Ash storage sites are a commonly used method of disposing fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion, in China today, and when it accumulates to a certain height, serious geological hazards may occur as a result of seismic activity. In this study, an in situ standard penetration test was carried out on a constructed ash storage site in Northwest China to evaluate the potential for liquefaction of alluvial fly ash within the site, and the results show that dynamic liquefaction can occur within a newly constructed three-stage subdam. A numerical analysis of the influence of dry beach length on the dynamic response of the primary dams and subdams and an assessment of the extent of dynamic liquefaction in the ash storage field were carried out using the Wenchuan seismic waves as input ground motion. Numerical results prove that the acceleration within the ash storage field is relatively low in the original breccias layer and gradually increases with height, with the peak acceleration occurring in the vicinity of the third subdam and a decreasing trend from the subdams towards the ash storage field. As the length of the dry beach increases, the Peak accelerations in the ash storage area occur near the third subdams at larger dry beach length. Meanwhile, the acceleration in the ash storage area close to the surface gradually increases, and, significantly, the range where higher accelerations occur also becomes larger. The maximum horizontal displacements at different dry beach lengths occur at the crest of the third subdam and in the adjacent ash storage area. As the length of the dry beach increases, the maximum horizontal displacements show a certain decrease, but they occur progressively further away from the third subdam, so that, under dynamic action, the dams become safer. The extent of liquefaction decreases at larger dry beach length and extends further away from the third subdam into the ash storage area. It is, therefore, recommended that the length of the dry beach should not be less than 150 m for this ash storage site.

CONDUCTING AN OIL SPILL CLEANUP IN THE AFTERMATH OF A NATURAL DISASTER – A CAYMAN ISLANDS CASE STUDY

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 1235-1238
Author(s):  
Antoinette Yvette Johnson ◽  
David Allen Jensen ◽  
Roydell Alston Carter
Keyword(s):  
Free Product ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Cayman Islands ◽  
Grand Cayman ◽  
Hurricane Ivan ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Storage Area ◽  
Oil Spill Cleanup

ABSTRACT On the morning of the 12th of September 2004, a storm surge produced by Hurricane Ivan moved across Grand Cayman and swept an estimated 900 drums of used oil from their storage site, scattering some as far away as 350 meters from the original location. Given the extent of the devastation caused by the hurricane and the limitations placed on equipment and personnel, it was some time before a number of drums could be recovered from the canals and vegetation to the west of the storage area. At the start of the recovery process there was significant free-product in the canals mixed in with hurricane debris, sewage from a sewer line break and vegetation which presented a real challenge to the response team. Ultimately, the team recovered some 2000 gallons of free product from the waterways, with another 8,500 gallons collected from drums recovered intact. The process involved the removal of oil-soaked debris, washing of vegetation and the separation of oil and water with a very limited amount of equipment and personnel. Once the free product had been removed to the level of sheen, absorbent pads and bioremediation completed the process.

scholarly journals Catalog for the ESPRESSO blind radial velocity exoplanet survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 629 ◽  
pp. A80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hojjatpanah ◽  
P. Figueira ◽  
N. C. Santos ◽  
V. Adibekyan ◽  
S. G. Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Solar Neighborhood ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Echelle Spectrograph ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Blind Search

Aims. One of the main scientific drivers for ESPRESSO, Échelle SPectrograph, is the detection and characterization of Earth-class exoplanets. With this goal in mind, the ESPRESSO guaranteed time observations (GTO) Catalog identifies the best target stars for a blind search for the radial velocity (RV) signals caused by Earth-class exoplanets. Methods. Using the most complete stellar catalogs available, we screened for the most suitable G, K, and M dwarf stars for the detection of Earth-class exoplanets with ESPRESSO. For most of the stars, we then gathered high-resolution spectra from new observations or from archival data. We used these spectra to spectroscopically investigate the existence of any stellar binaries, both bound or background stars. We derived the activity level using chromospheric activity indexes using log (R′HK), as well as the projected rotational velocity v sin i. For the cases where planet companions are already known, we also looked at the possibility that additional planets may exist in the host’s habitable zone using dynamical arguments. Results. We estimated the spectroscopic contamination level, v sin i, activity, stellar parameters and chemical abundances for 249 of the most promising targets. Using these data, we selected 45 stars that match our criteria for detectability of a planet like Earth. The stars presented and discussed in this paper constitute the ESPRESSO GTO catalog for the RV blind search for Earth-class planets. They can also be used for any other work requiring a detailed spectroscopic characterization of stars in the solar neighborhood.

scholarly journals Determination of radioactive concentrations in Tigris river soil samples in Baghdad province

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (38) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Riyad Faker Jabil
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
Effective Activity ◽  
Surrounding Areas

In this study, the amounts of activity concentrations of naturally occurring in 10 soil samples of the Tigris river and surrounding areas collected from deferent city of Baghdad have been investigated. Tigris river is an important water source for irrigation and drinking in Iraq. This study was done during 2018 in Protection Center of the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment using a high purity germanium detector. The resolution of (HPGe) at 2keV and 30% efficiency. The results of soil sample obtained showed that the effective activity concentration of 40K are ranged from 181.4 Bq/kg in sample S6 to 286.4 Bq/kg in S7. For Raeq values are ranged from 6 Bq/m3 in sample S5 to 17 Bq/m3 in sample S3. The obtained data revealed that the mean specific activity for 226Ra, 228Ac and 40k in these samples were less than World average. The artificial radionuclide represented by 137Cs was observed in some samples and vary from minimum value of detector ˂MDA to 7.5Bq/kg in sample S9 with an average value 3.842857 Bq/kg. Area around the site may attributed to the nuclear activities of this site or may be due to the nuclear accident (Chernobyl Catastrophe) which have been spread throughout a large area of the world including the samples locations were collecting.

scholarly journals Comparison of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd and Pb concentration in spruce needles collected in the area of Gdansk and Gdynia in Northern Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Paweł Konieczyński ◽  
Jan Moszczyński ◽  
Marek Wesołowski
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Spruce Needles ◽  
Pb Concentration

Abstract The aim of the investigation was to assess the utility of spruce needles as a potential material to be used for monitoring the contamination level of the environment of Tricity agglomeration (represented by Gdansk and Gdynia). This aim was realized by determining the levels of selected essential elements indispensable for the life of living organisms, such as Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu, as well as toxic, namely Cd and Pb, in spruce needles collected in the locations in Gdynia and for comparison, in Gdańsk. Due to this, the collected samples of needles were dried, and next digested by microwave technique in order to prepare them for quantitative analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry. Moreover, the same metallic elements were determined in the soil samples collected under the spruces, from which needles were taken for the investigation. The concentrations of the studied elements were found in the range of mg/kg of dry mass in the following order: Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd (needles), and Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd (soils). By application of statistical methods (correlation, variance and principal component analyses), the differences in the elemental composition of spruce needles were identified, as well as sources of this differentiation.

Spatial Distribution and Contribution Segregation of Hg and Cd in the Soils in the Chemical Industry Park and its Surrounding Areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3797-3802
Author(s):  
Chun Feng Lu ◽  
Sheng Lu Zhou ◽  
Shao Hua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Impact

This paper determined Hg and Cd contents through collecting the surface soil samples in Nanjing Liuhe Chemical Industry Park and its surrounding areas, analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of Hg and Cd in the study area by means of ordinary Kriging, and carried out quantitative analysis for the impact of chemical industry park on the accumulation of soil heavy metals through introducing contribution rate. The results show that the chemical industry park is one of the important causes of the accumulation of Hg and Cd in the surrounding soils. In space, the closer the site is to the industrial park, the higher the accumulative content is. Wind direction has a significant effect on the diffusion of Hg, affected most greatly on the northwest, which is located downwind, with a contribution rate of 85.47%, while wind direction has no significant effect on the diffusion of Cd, affected most greatly on the north, with a contribution rate of 29.37%.

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