scholarly journals Estimating Lipoxygenase and Gamma-glutamyl Transferase Activities in Sera of Colon Cancer Patients with Partial Purification of Lipoxygenase

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 0481
Author(s):  
Muslim Al-Adlee et al.
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
The Body ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

            Colon cancer is an abnormal growth of cells that occurs in the large intestine. Sometimes growth remains restricted for a relatively long time before it becomes a malignant tumor and then spreads through the intestinal wall to the lymph nodes and other parts of the body. The study aims to estimate the effectiveness and partial purification of lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme and measure gamma-glutamyle transferase (GGT) activity in serum patients of colon cancer in Baghdad. The study included (80) case male patients with colon cancer with (50) samples of apparently healthy males (control) as comparison group. The result displayed a noteworthy increase in lipoxygenase effectiveness (805.0±517.23 IU/L) in serum of patients with colon cancer compared with control (114.6±49.77 IU/L). The enzyme was purified by the precipitation of the serum protein using (40% (NH4)2SO4) then removing the remaining salts by dialysis. The column of gel (sephadex G.100) was used to separate the enzyme from another protein, in this step a single peak was obtained. The effective part of lipoxygenase at yield (71.42%) and folds (11.033). The ion exchange chromatography (DEAE–CeA50) was used to isolate LOX isoenzyme, two bands (LOX1 and LOX2) were acquired with different degree of purity (16.372) and (12.16) folds respectively. The result displayed a noteworthy increase in the (GGT) activity in patients (58.69±16.94IU/L) (probability P≤ 0.000) compared with control (12.79±5.68 IU/L). The increase in activity of LOX can be used as a tumor marker to detect the colon cancer disease.

scholarly journals Lipoxygenase and Colon Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muslim Abas Abed AlAdlee
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
The Body ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Effective Part

Colon cancer is an abnormal growth of cells that occurs in the large intestine. Sometimes growth remains restricted for a relatively long time before it becomes a malignant tumor and then spreads through the intestinal wall to the lymph nodes and other parts of the body. The study aims to estimate the effectiveness and partial purification of lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme and measure gamma-glutamyle transferase (GGT) activity in serum patients of colon cancer in Baghdad. The study included (80) case male patients with colon cancer with (50) samples of apparently healthy males (control) as comparison group. The result displayed a noteworthy increase in lipoxygenase effectiveness (805.0±517.23 IU/L) in serum of patients with colon cancer (T3 stage) compared with control (114.6±49.77 IU/L). The enzyme was purified by the precipitation of the serum protein using (40% (NH4)2SO4) then removing the remaining salts by dialysis. The column of gel (sephadex G.100) was used to separate the enzyme from another protein, in this step a single peak was obtained. The effective part of lipoxygenase at yield (71.42%) and folds (11.033). The ion exchange chromatography (DEAE–CeA50) was used to isolate LOX isoenzyme, two bands (LOX1 and LOX2) were acquired with different degree of purity (16.372) and (12.16) folds respectively. The result displayed a noteworthy increase in the (GGT) activity in patients (58.69±16.94IU/L) (probability P≤ 0.000) compared with control (12.79±5.68 IU/L). The increase in activity of LOX can be used as a tumor marker to detect the colon cancer disease.

scholarly journals Feline obesity: risk factors and clinical and metabolic findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 3305-3320
Author(s):  
Camila Moura de Lima ◽  
◽  
Gustavo Antônio Boff ◽  
Sergiane Baes Pereira ◽  
Alexsander Ferraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Management ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Excess body fat can cause a series of metabolic and mechanical effects on the body. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the clinical, metabolic, and risk factors of overweight (OW) cats. For the acceptance of participation in the research, the tutors were asked to answer a questionnaire containing 34 questions and to point out the body condition score (BCS) on a sheet containing nine images of different scores (1 to 9 on a 9-point scale). Thereafter, the body evaluations were performed as a classification of the BCS on a scale from 1 to 9, with an ideal score (IS) of BCS 5 and OW for BCS > 5. Further, the lean mass index and morphometric measurements (thoracic and abdominal circumferences and height and length of the patella to calcaneal tuberosity) were performed to estimate the percentage of body fat. Systolic blood pressure was measured using the non-invasive Doppler method and blood was collected for hemogram and serum biochemistry (creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol). After these analyses, we sought to guide and raise the awareness of the tutors to promote the correct nutritional and environmental management of the animals. Thirty adult cats were divided into two groups, based on the classification of the BCS, with eight having an IS and 22 being OW. The OW group was found to have a low level of physical activity, hypercholesterolemia, and higher values of body characteristics. Additionally, there was a median agreement between the perceptions of the clinician and the tutors. Therefore, it was concluded that the main laboratory alteration found in the obese cats was hypercholesterolemia, which was a critical parameter. It was observed that a low degree of physical activity could cause excess weight gain. It was found that the guardians of the cats with ideal weight underestimated the BCS, which could contribute to the supply of excess food and consequently, obesity. Thus, this study was sought to guide and raise the awareness of tutors, to promote the correct nutritional and environmental management thereby providing welfare and quality of life to the animals.

scholarly journals Clinical-biochemical status of hens due to changes of battery cages height location

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
M. I. Sakhatsky ◽  
Yu. V. Osadcha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Serum Enzymes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
Battery Cages ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

In the conditions of industrial poultry farming, the body of hens is constantly exposed to numerous technological stressors, the least studied of which are long-term ones, that can provoke chronic stress. One such technological stressor is an increase in the level of cage equipment, which is used by producers to obtain a larger amount of products from 1 m2 of poultry area. The aim of this work was to study the physiological state of the hen’s body based on the clinical biochemical analysis of their blood serum, depending on the battery cages height. In the conditions of a modern complex for the production of edible eggs in a poultry house with an area of 2 915 m2, 4 groups of hens were formed, each of them was kept on a separate floor-analogue in terms of area and cage equipment. Each floor was equipped with «Big Dutchman» 3-tier battery cages. Battery cages of each floor were separated from each other by a lattice floor so that cages of 1–3 tiers entered up to the 1st floor, 4–6 tiers – up to the 2nd, 7–9 tiers – up to the 3rd, and 10–12 tiers – up to 4th floor of cage equipment. Biochemical parameters and activity of hens blood serum enzymes were determined on a BioChem FC-360 biochemical analyzer. For this, 30 blood samples with a volume of 1.0–1.5 ml were taken from axillary veins of laying hens in each group at the age of 18 weeks (at the beginning of the study) and at 52 weeks. It was found that increasing the layering of cage equipment does not have a negative impact on the hen’s body. So, for keeping hens in cages of multi-tier battery cages located on floors 2–4 (4–12 tiers), the biochemical status and activity of their blood serum enzymes were within the physiological norm. Whereas, for hens kept in battery cages of the a multi-tiered system on the 1st floor there was an increase in glucose levels of 60.5–71.0%, creatinine – by 9.7–12.3%, phosphorus – 82.6–100.0%, was observed a decrease in calcium to phosphorus ratio 46.7–50.0%, which was confirmed by an increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase by 22.3–27.0%, as well as an increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase by 3.2–13.8%, lactate dehydrogenase - by 48.5–65.1% and gamma-glutamyl transferase – by 16.4–20.6%. It has been proven that the main consequences of chronic stress caused by keeping hens in the lower floor cells of the multi-tiered battery cage are reflected in the biochemical parameters of their serum, namely increased glucose, creatinine, enzyme activity and violation of calcium to phosphorus ratio.

scholarly journals Hepatotoxic Assessment of Tramadol-Diclofenac Use: A Study in a Rat Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Elias Adikwu ◽  
Ebinyo Clemente Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Hepatotoxic Effect ◽  
Hepatocyte Necrosis ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

The concurrent use of tramadol and diclofenac may increase hepatotoxic risk due to their individual hepatotoxic effects. This study assessed the hepatotoxic effect of tramadol-diclofenac administration in albino rats. Twenty-four adult male albino rats (200-220g) randomized into four groups were orally administered with tramadol (12mg/kg/day), diclofenac (6mg/kg/day) and tramadol-diclofenac for 14 days respectively. The rats were anesthetized, blood samples were collected and evaluated for serum liver function and lipid parameters. Liver samples were weighed and evaluated for biochemical parameters and histology. The effects of tramadol-diclofenac on the body and liver weights did not differ significantly (p>0.05) when compared to control. Also, effects were not significant (p>0.05) on blood glucose, and serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels when compared to control. Liver and serum levels of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma–glutamyl transferase, conjugated bilirubin and total bilirubin increased significantly in rats treated with tramadol (p<0.05), diclofenac (p<0.01) and tramadol-diclofenac (p<0.001) when compared to control. Furthermore, significant decreases in liver catalase, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase levels with significant increases in malondialdehyde levels occurred in rats treated with tramadol (p<0.05), diclofenac (p<0.01) and tramadol-diclofenac (p<0.001) when compared to control. Hepatocyte necrosis was observed in rats treated with tramadol-diclofenac. Tramadol-diclofenac may increase hepatotoxic risk at doses used for this study.

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF L-CITRULLINE AGAINST DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN RATS: AN ANALYSIS OF SERUM BIOMARKERS

2019 ◽  
pp. 230-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
KELVIN THEANDRO GOTAMA ◽  
VIVIAN SOETIKNO ◽  
MELVA LOUISA ◽  
WAWAIMULI AROZAL
Keyword(s):  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Antineoplastic Agent ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atp Depletion ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Objective: The antineoplastic agent doxorubicin (DOX) is known for causing liver toxicity. Its metabolism in hepatocytes causes oxidative stress, which,in turn, induces DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, ATP depletion, and apoptosis. L-citrulline (CIT), a commonly found agent in fruits like watermelon,has piqued interest due to its antioxidant properties. In the body, CIT is converted to nitric oxide, which has been shown to mitigate hepatic injuryby scavenging free radicals, improving hepatic sinusoidal microcirculation, and inhibiting neutrophilic infiltration. This study aims to investigate CITability to prevent DOX-induced hepatotoxicity.Methods: A total of 20 Wistar rats were randomized to receive either DOX (10 mg/kg BW) or NaCl 0.9%. DOX-intoxicated group was further randomizedto either received low-dose CIT (300 mg/kg BW), high-dose CIT (600 mg/kg BW), or aquadest. CIT was given orally for 6 days and DOX throughintraperitoneal injection on days 4 and 5. Serum was obtained and hepatotoxicity was assessed with serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Statistical analysis was done with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test.Results: Serum ALT, AST, and GGT were increased significantly compared to that of normal group. CIT administration in both the doses could decreasethe serum levels of ALT and AST significantly compared to that of DOX group. In this study, CIT in both the doses could reduce the serum levels of GGTcompared to that of DOX group though not statistically significant.Conclusions: This study suggests that CIT exerts hepatoprotective effect, as evident by the attenuation of serum biomarkers.

scholarly journals Body weight and blood chemistry of wild coatis that feed on discarded human food

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Barcelos Repoles ◽  
Clarice Silva Cesario ◽  
Edilberto Nobrega Martinez ◽  
Waldomiro de Paula Lopes ◽  
Delma Henriques Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Liver Disorder ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Human Food ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Ecological Tourism

ABSTRACT: The coati (Nasua nasua, Linnaeus 1766) is a generalist species, feeding on often-discarded human food in dumpsters around ecological tourism sites. We investigated the body weight and some blood chemistry variables related to the diet of wild coatis from three parks: Parque Municipal das Mangabeiras (PM), Parque Nacional do Caparaó (PNC) e Estação Ecológica Água Limpa (EEAL). We tested the plasma of 53 coatis for high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), cholesterol (Chol), triglycerides (Trig), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Male and female adults did not significantly differ on the weight (P > 0.05) and blood chemistry indexes (P > 0.05). The adult coatis of the PM were heavier than the adult coatis of the other two parks. There were significant differences in HDL (P < 0.04), AST (P < 0.001), ALT (P < 0.001), and GGT (P < 0.001) between adults of the three parks. Only ALT and ALP were significantly different (P < 0.05) among the young coatis. The results suggested the coatis of the three parks have different health status. The consumption of discarded human food seems to affect body weight of the PM coatis. The coatis from PNC and EEAL had blood chemistry profiles suggestive of liver disorder. We recommend carrying on environmental education programs to visitors and additional clinical investigations on coatis from these parks.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study for Methodologies and Algorithms Used In Colon Cancer Diagnoses and Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Mona Nasr ◽  
◽  
Laila Abdelhamid ◽  
Naglaa Shehata ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The Body ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cancer Disease

Colon cancer is also referred to as colorectal cancer, a kind of cancer that starts with colon damage to the large intestine in the last section of the digestive tract. Elderly people typically suffer from colon cancer, but this may occur at any age.It normally starts as little, noncancerous (benign) mass of cells named polyps that structure within the colon. After a period of time these polyps can turn into advanced malignant tumors that attack the human body and some of these polyps can become colon cancers. So far, no concrete causes have been identified and the complete cancer treatment is very difficult to be detected by doctors in the medical field. Colon cancer often has no symptoms in early stage so detecting it at this stage is curable but colorectal cancer diagnosis in the final stages (stage IV), gives it the opportunity to spread to different pieces of the body, difficult to treat successfully, and the person's chances of survival are much lower. False diagnosis of colorectal cancer which mean wrong treatment for patients with long-term infections and they are suffering from colon cancer this causing the death for these patients. Also, the cancer treatment needs more time and a lot of money. This paper provides a comparative study for methodologies and algorithms used in colon cancer diagnoses and detection this can help for proposing a prediction for risk levels of colon cancer disease using CNN algorithm of the deep learning (Convolutional Neural Networks Algorithm).

scholarly journals Preliminary Experiment Using Sensors for Cow Health Monitoring After Surgical Treatment for the Left Displacement of the Abomasum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitiene ◽  
Mindaugas Televičius ◽  
Dovilė Malašauskienė ◽  
Matvydas Merkis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Device ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Abomasal Displacement

The aim of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of two surgical techniques regarding the cow respiratory rates, heart rates, and rumination time using two sensors: an experimental device that was created by the Institute of Biomedical Engineering of Kaunas University of Technology (Lithuania) and the &ldquo;SCR&rdquo; (SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya, Israel) system. The cows were divided into two groups: PA1&mdash;cows treated by percutaneous abomasopexy (n = 10), and RSO2&mdash;cows treated by right side omentopexy (n = 8). For the control group (KH), according to the principle of analogues (number of lactations, breed, and days in milk), we selected clinically healthy cows (n = 9). After the surgical treatment for the abomasal displacement, the experimental device was applied for the recording of the heart and breathing rates; 12 hour tracking of the rumination time (RT) was implemented using the system ''SCR''; and the body temperature was measured. After 12 hours, the blood was taken for biochemical and morphological tests. The experimental device recorded 12 hours of the respiratory rate (RR) and heart beat rate (HBR) information. We determined the concentrations of the blood serum beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (Phos), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe), as well as the activities of aspartarte aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). According to searches for relationships between the traditional blood biochemical and morphological parameters, and the parameters measured by the experimental device, the more efficient abomasal displacement surgical method was the right side omentopexy. With the sensors, we found, after right side omentopexy, a 5.19 beats/min lower (1.10-times) average value of the respiratory rate, 1.13-times higher level of the heart rate, a 0.15 oC higher temperature, and a 3.29-times lower rumination time compared to the clinical healthy cows. Further research with larger numbers of animals and longer experimental periods are needed prior to practical applications.

Coexistence of pancreatic tuberculosis with systemic brucellosis: a case report

Open Medicine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-576
Author(s):  
Ali Acar ◽  
İlker Sücüllü ◽  
Orhan Baylan ◽  
Ali Filiz ◽  
Hüsrev Diktaş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Pancreatic Tuberculosis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

AbstractIsolated pancreatic tuberculosis is an extremely rare clinical entity and is difficult to diagnose particularly in immunocompetent individuals. Clinical findings and symptomatology of brucellosis are often similar to tuberculosis thus making the differentiation amongst the two entities difficult. We report a case of pancreatic tuberculosis with systemic brucellosis in a 29 year old veterinarian who presented with epigastric pain and loss of appetite. Initial investigations revealed leukocytosis with moderately elevated transaminase, gamma glutamyl transferase, amylase and lipase levels. Imaging studies revealed an anechoic multiloculated cyst in the body and tail of the pancreas. Given the patient’s occupational risk coupled with the presence of a positive Brucella agglutination test (with a titer of 1:320); a diagnosis of pancreatitis secondary to brucellosis was given. In addition to standard pancreatitis therapy of bowel rest with intravenous fluid/electrolyte replacement, anti-brucellosis therapy was also administered. The patient’s initial response to therapy was positive however, 6 weeks into therapy, his abdominal pain recurred and repeat CT scan revealed the development of a pseudocyst in the pancreas. After failing a second attempt at conservative supportive therapy, the patient underwent an explorative laparotomy. Histological examination of the resected pancreatic specimen showed necrosis and was positive for tuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction. Herein, we describe the first case reported in the medical literature of the coexistence of systemic brucellosis with pancreatic tuberculosis. We suggest that the possibility of the coexistence of brucellosis with tuberculosis be kept in mind when assessing pancreatitis patients in endemic regions and in individuals with occupational risk hazards.

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