scholarly journals Current objectives of Russian philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-210
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Smirnov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Value System ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Free Basis ◽  
Catching Up

The article is dedicated to the problem of stringing together Russian social reality and genuine theoretical concerns of philosophy. Due to lifting ideological restriction in 1991 the major part of philosophical work was aimed on catching up with Western philosophy widening the gap between society and philosophy in Russia and stating Western value system as universal. The pressing issue for modern Russian philosophy is to formulate and to accept the epis­temological basis for Russian civilization project equal in scale to the Western one. It re­quires the search of a new solution that could be able to gather heterogeneous value sys­tems of Russian society. It should be more universal than “traditional Russian values”, which requires the great efforts on developing individual philosophical consciousness and reaching the deep self-awareness both philosophical and social. The Western-free basis of cogitation in Russian culture could be found in the idea of Vsesubektnostʼ as an utopian idea of the whole world unity, non-losable entirety and non-losable subjectivity. This idea could be used as unobtainable ideal to contemplate how the big culture could manifest itself into civilization system. It specifies the huge field for all-level research from the philosophy of consciousness to the practical cultural and civilization construction.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Cultures of the East and West in the Philosophy of B.D. Dandaron

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-511
Author(s):  
Mergen Sanjievich Ulanov
Keyword(s):  
Practical Aspect ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical System ◽  
Western Philosophical Tradition ◽  
East And West ◽  
East West

The article deals with the phenomenon of synthesis of East and West cultures in the religious philosophy of B.D. Dandaron - one of the most famous representatives of Russian Buddhism in the XX century. The beginning of the spread of Buddhist teachings in Russian society is also connected with his extraordinary personality. Dandaron was engaged in active yoga, tantric practice, and also gave instructions to those who were interested in Buddhism. As a result, a small circle of people began to form around him who tried to study and practice Buddhism. Dandaron was also engaged in Buddhist activities, studied Tibetan history and historiography, and described the Tibetan collection of manuscripts. It is indicated that Dandaron not only made an attempt to consider Buddhism from the perspective of Western philosophy, but also created his own teaching, which was called neobuddism. As a result, he was able to conduct a creative synthesis of Buddhist philosophy with the Western philosophical tradition. In fact, he developed a philosophical system that claims to be universal and synthesized Buddhist and Western spiritual achievements. Trying to synthesize the Eastern and Western traditions of philosophical thought, Dandaron turned to the well-known comparative works of the Indian thinker S. Radhakrishnan and the Russian buddhologist F.I. Shcherbatsky. The author also notes the influence on the philosophy of neobuddism of the ideas of V.E. Sesemann, a neo-Kantian philosopher with whom Dandaron was personally acquainted. The idea of non-Buddhism had not only a philosophical and theoretical, but also a practical aspect, since the consideration of Buddhism from the perspective of Western philosophy helped to attract people of Western culture to this religion. In General, Dandarons desire to create a universal synthetic philosophical system was in line with the philosophical and spiritual search of Russian philosophy, and was partly related to the traditional problem of East-West, which has always been relevant for Russia.

Why Look for a Dark Logos in a Dark Room (Especially When It Isn’t There)?

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-47
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Political Scientist ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Western Modernity ◽  
Uncritical Acceptance ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Dark Room

The article provides a critical analysis of the Russian philosopher, sociologist and political scientist Alexander Dugin. According to Dugin, there are no universal (rational) principles on which philosophy may rely; however, every culture has its own rationality and its particular “Logos.” Therefore, the task of Russian philosophers is to create a special “Russian philosophy of chaos,” also termed a “dark Logos,” as an alternative to the Western Logos and its pretentions to universality. The uncritical acceptance of this Western Logos by Russian society has given it a distinctive attribute called “archaeomodern,” which is an incomplete and superficial modernization of Russian society even though it remains deeply archaic in its essence. The article finds several critical flaws in Dugin’s project to (re)create a “Russian philosophy of chaos.” First, Dugin’s ideas about the essence of Western European modernity (and consequently about the constituent elements of the Russian archaeomodern) are drawn mainly from the writings of Western such critics of modernity as René Guénon and Martin Heidegger that are themselves an integral part of the Western Logos and that paint a distorted picture of Western modernity by starting from a polemical opposition to it. The author notes also that Dugin’s ideas about the radically archaic nature of the Russian nation, which he believes has not reached even the stage of Europe’s Middle Ages, are based primarily on the speculations of Western thinkers about “underdeveloped non-Western nations.” Thus, instead of the nuanced study of the extent and depth of modernization in Russian society and analysis of its elements promised by Dugin, he offers a series of caricatured images borrowed from Western philosophy and makes recommendations that are too superficial to be of much interest to Russian society or its government

scholarly journals Russian Culture in the Philosophical Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-355
Author(s):  
Dmitry Nosov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Research University ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Russian Culture

This article reviews the new research of the Russian philosopher and culturologist and National Research University Higher School of Economics professor Olga Zhukova. Zhukova proposes new philosophical approach to Russian cultural history analysis, based on the major ideas and stories of Russian social and religious thought. The author creates a broad review of the Russian historical development and reveals key features of the formation of system of values. Zhukova examines the Russian culture as a complex structure of religious, political, and artistic traditions. The monograph illustrates the formation of the Russian philosophy with its accent on historical and cultural problems. In analyzing the social and spiritual transformation that accompanied the transition of Russian society from a traditional to a modern culture, the author continues the study of national culture that was started by Russian philosophers of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. Zhukova forms an inconvenient reconstruction of national culture and implements historical and philosophical concepts of the Russian thinkers. This article presents a critical analysis of Zhukova’s research. Besides a review of Zhukova’s culturological concept, the author explores the ideal model and the practice of the editorial and publishing business. The monograph is analyzed not only as a study of scientist and researcher, but also as a result of publishing office work. The article displays the “areas of responsibility” of the author and editors and publishers.

Jelena Osnobkina (1959–2010)

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-302
Author(s):  
Nelly Motroschilowa
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Theory ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Soviet Russia

Abstract This archival feature serves to present the personality and philosophy of Elena Oznobkina (1959–2010), a key figure of late-Soviet and, later, Russian philosophy. Oznobkina pioneered the present-day reception of Martin Heidegger and Edmund Husserl in Russia, but also made substantial contributions to Nietzsche studies and political philosophy, which are detailed in Nelly Motrozhilova’s introduction. Her philosophical work was inseparable from her personal political engagement, to which the featured archival text (“Prison or Gulag?”, 2000) testifies. It gives a poignant and concise characterisation of the prison as an object of philosophical theory, while asking the question of where Soviet prison camps and the prisons of post-Soviet Russia are to be located within this field of thought.

scholarly journals Russian philosophy and the formation of the Russian national and cultural canon: problems and prospects ([Review on:] Malinov A.V. Research and articles on Russian philosophy. Saint Petersburg: RHGA, 2020, 608 p.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
A.B. Bocharov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The Common ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas ◽  
The Russian Language

This work is devoted to the analysis of the book by A.V. Malinov “Research and Articles on Russian Philosophy”. The main subject-content and thematic-subject lines of the book are revealed: philosophy of Slavophiles; historical, cultural and philosophical contexts of V.S. Solovyov and V.V. Rozanov; professional philosophy in Russia. Points to the variety of genres published in a collection of articles and materials of historical and philosophical articles, teaching materials (lectures and paragraphs from the textbooks), archival materials, methodological reflections. The author considers the interpretations of A.S. Khomyakov, the Slavophil ideas of O.F. Miller, the evolution of ideas about the common Slavic language, the attitude of V.S. Solovyov with N.I. Kareyev and St. Petersburg Slavophiles (including the polemic of V.S. Soloviev with the Slavophiles in the last work of the Russian philosopher – “Three Conversations”), V.V. Rozanov with the Slavophiles and V.I. Lamansky, features of V.V. Rozanov, the philosophical heritage of A.I. Vvedensky and the controversy caused by him, the place of L.P. Karsavin in the tradition of teaching the philosophy of history at St. Petersburg University, the specifics and historical path traversed by university philosophy in Russia, the modernization of the methods of modern historical and philosophical research, etc. The author notes the author's appeal to little-studied representatives of Russian philosophy, original interpretations of biographical and historical-philosophical plots, the use of the expressive possibilities of the Russian language, enriching the interpretive possibilities of the historiography of Russian philosophy. The conclusion is made about the preservation of the “Russian canon” in the research of Russian philosophy, about its heuristic possibilities. The author's intention is explained and the value of research of this kind, serving the purpose of reinterpreting the ideas of Russian philosophy, solving the problem of preserving the values and meanings of Russian culture in the modern historical and cultural context, is indicated.

scholarly journals Perception of Civil Identity Symbols in Russia: (Based on Focus Groups)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna S. Soldatova ◽  
Irina G. Napalkova ◽  
Marina Yu. Gryzhankova
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Value System ◽  
Conceptual Structures ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Introduction. The problem of identity is one of the key in both theoretical and applied scientific research of various directions, including in the framework of political psychology. This is largely due to the importance of the formation of common vectors of development of the state, based on the identity shared by most citizens. In this scientific article, the topic of the formation of state-civil identity by means of symbolic capital is actualized, which in turn can both harmonize social relations and introduce dysfunctionality, and be an instrument for mobilizing or polarizing society. The authors attempt to study the social product of the representation and construction of contemporary reality in Russia. Materials and Methods. As a theoretical and methodological research strategy, systemic, integrated and analytical approaches were made. The materials for the scientific work were the results of applied research, in particular, focus group interviews, which, thanks to synergies, allowed us to obtain diverse information about the subject of analysis and to more deeply present its perception. Participants in group discussions were residents of the island. Saransk and two municipal regions of the Republic of Mordovia. Results. Unique data were obtained, on the basis of which it is possible to draw conclusions about the features of the perception of conceptual structures of the formation of state-civil identity in modern Russian society. The difference between the older generation and young people in the perception and symbolic reflection of Russian reality was noted. Moreover, both the sources of obtaining information turned out to be excellent, as did personal and collective positions in determining their own role in the process of creating and assimilating symbols of identity, the level of recognition of symbols of different historical eras, the stability and rooting of the value system. In terms of the perception of symbolic identity elements uniting all age groups of respondents, several phenomena are thematically highlighted, among them “border trauma”, “we are the opposition”, “separation from the powers that be”, “Russian & imperial & Soviet”, “nationalities of Russia = peoples of the USSR” and etc. Discussion and Conclusions. Understanding the specifics of perception of the symbolic-value system of Russians allows us to analyze and evaluate the processes of nation-building and to study the problems of social consolidation. The authors come to the conclusion that the Russians are deficient in spiritual bonds, civil activism is weak; most citizens feel outside the active community.

scholarly journals Live experience philosophy. The theory of knowledge of A.A. Bogdanov

Polylogos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (№ 4 (18)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Mikhail Loktionov
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Knowledge ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific Philosophy ◽  
Organizational Science ◽  
Further Development

Considering the philosophical heritage of Alexander Bogdanov, the author focuses on the aspect of the theory of knowledge, which passes through all the work of the famous philosopher and revolutionary. Doubts about the possibility of an exhaustive knowledge of the surrounding reality are also visible in Bogdanov’s earliest works. An attempt to build a new approach to human knowledge, having rinked him with activity experience, was undertaken by him in his main philosophical work, “Empiriomonism”. Standing on the positions of positivism as a “scientific” philosophy, Bogdanov tried to substantiate the dynamics of the public process, while remaining at the Marxist platform. The further development of his ideas led to the creation of a “universal organizational science” – tectology, which, in his opinion, has already passed beyond philosophy and was not only science, but also methodology of knowledge, as well as the style of scientific thinking, to which science, initially not realizing this, always sought. Thus, studying the legacy of Bogdanov, we see the development of views on the ideas of knowledge in the Russian philosophy of the beginning of the XXth century.

The value aspect of human development in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Eduard Sobolev
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Value System ◽  
National Human

The article examines how the moral values inherent to human-oriented economy are being shaped in actual Russian society. For this purpose, the author analyzes the peculiarities and contradictions of the value aspect that were characteristic of the national human potential during the Soviet period as compared to the values of modern Russians.  An assessment is made of feasibility and prospects for partial regeneration of the Soviet value system including non-acquisitiveness, disapproval of social inequality, respect for education, and striving for challenging job.

Nonconceptual Self-Consciousness and Cognitive Science

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Bermúdez
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Primitive Forms ◽  
Point Of Departure

Taking as point of departure a paradox (the paradox of self-consciousness) that appears to block philosophical elucidation of self-consciousness, this paper illustrates how highly conceptual forms of self-consciousness emerge from a rich foundation of nonconceptual forms of self-awareness. Attention is paid in particular to the primitive forms of nonconceptual self-consciousness manifested in visual perception, somatic proprioception, spatial reasoning and interpersonal psychological interactions. The study of these primitive forms of self-consciousness is an interdisciplinary enterprise and the paper considers a range of points of contact where philosophical work can illuminate work in the cognitive sciences, and vice versa.

scholarly journals Neo-Kantian motifs in the works of A. Bely

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Valeria Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Philosophy Of Art ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Russian Symbolism ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is devoted to the work of A. Bely in the development of Russian culture in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. Attention is paid to the motives of the creative path of the philosopher-poet, who created the basis of Russian symbolism. By analyzing the cultural and historical manifestations of the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, reflection in the works of art and science workers, an assessment of the severity of symbolism for the development of Russian philosophy and the field of art in general. In the process of the formation of symbolism in Bely's work, neo-Kantian motives are clearly revealed in the formulation of the problem of the difference between subjective perception and the essence of the object of perception in itself, that is, distinguishing between the symbol and the signified. By comparing Bely's views with the concept of sophiology and anthroposophy, distinct Kantian positions of the philosopher-poet stand out. These include the schematism of space and time, an attempt to apply the categories of natural science to the field of philosophy of art, as well as the demarcation of the immanent and the transcendent. Despite the fact that the ideas of the philosopher-poet in their form have similar positions with the anthroposophy of R. Steiner and with the ideas of V. Solovyov, however, the key content is the neo-Kantian methodology of "critical deepening" of thought and its rationalization. The actualization of Bely's creativity and the issue of his neo-Kantian motives is carried out by attracting research from related branches of knowledge on the principles of interdisciplinary consideration and implementation of an integrated approach.

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