scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC PERSONAS IN THEORY AND PRACTICE – WAYS OF CREATING SCIENTIFIC, SCHOLARLY, AND ARTISTIC IDENTITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsti Niskanen ◽  
Mineke Bosch ◽  
Kaat Wils
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Scientific Institution ◽  
The Real ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Real Self

The concept of scientific persona was developed by historians of science at the Max Planck Institute in Berlin fifteen years ago in order to understand how science works and how it can be conducted in a credible way. The Latin word persona means mask and the discussions of the term were elaborations of Marcel Mauss´s introduction of the concept in an article published in 1938 (Mauss 1938). In Mauss´s conceptualisation, persona was a feature that characterized societies in an evolutionary stage—a stage where members of the society had started to perceive themselves as individuals, but were still expected to fulfill certain, culturally defined roles. In such contexts, persona was not mask to cover the ‘real’ self of the performer, but a mask that enhanced certain features of the person. Transferring Mauss’s approach to the scientific world, Lorraine Daston and Otto Sibum (2003) defined, in an often cited article in Science in Context, scientific persona as an intermediate between individual biography and social (scientific) institution: it is a cultural identity that forms the individual in body and mind, and creates a collective with a shared and recognizable physiognomy (ways to be and to behave). Daston and Sibum characterized scientific personas as templates that emerge and develop in historical contexts and used the concept to investigate the creation of certain types of scientists: when, how and why have distinct “scientific personae” emerged?

scholarly journals Ritual and the Socio-Religious in the Cultures of the Celts and Germans

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Kowalewska
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Real World ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Individual

This article focuses on ritual as known to have been practiced among Celtic and Germanic people. It attempts to discern the role and significance of ritual within the religious and social context of these cultures, as well as find points of comparison within the two. Ritual plays a part on several levels, at times focusing on the individual or on a specific group, while at other times, ritual serves as a liaison between different units, as well as between the real world and the supernatural. In addition, ritual is a form of interaction across time, linking an individual or group with ancestors or descendants. It also plays a crucial role in cultural identity and cohesion.

scholarly journals The Hidden Lineage of Modern Management Science: Astrology, Alchemy and the MyersBriggs Type Indicator

2001 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 53-72
Author(s):  
Garry Phillipson ◽  
Peter Case
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Myers Briggs Type Indicator ◽  
Type Indicator ◽  
Modern Cosmology ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Contemporary Management ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Scientific Attention

Beneath the surface of some significant contemporary management practices there exists evidence of pre-modern cosmology. The influence of astrological and alchemical ideas on organisational conduct has not, however, attracted very much serious social-scientific attention to date. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTIÒ) is described and reasons discussed for considering it to be a prime example of the underpinning of the modern by the pre-modern. C.G. Jung's role as mediator between pre-modern and modern is considered, with some investigation devoted to the four function-types and two attitude-types which he propounded, their origins in earlier symbolism, and their influence on subsequent psychological theory and practice. An astro-genealogical account of the development of the MBTI is offered, taking into account its debt to Renaissance and earlier forms of thinking and symbolism. In conclusion, a warning note is sounded: the modern need to place psychology on an entirely scientific footing can manifest as a dogmatic, belief-driven revisionism that produces a fragmentary, potentially alienating, view of the individual.

scholarly journals Development of ergonomic website for engineering education

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 01066
Author(s):  
Arnes Faradilla ◽  
Muhammad Ridwan Andi Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
The Real ◽  
Accuracy Measurement ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Practice Activity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Assembly Activity

Engineering education contains two aspects; theory and practice. Practice activity supports the students to implement the theory obtained in the class. Therefore, it will be better if the theory has material visualization in order to support and make easier the student and lecturer in teaching activity. Analisis Perancangan Kerja dan Ergonomi (APK & E) is one of the laboratories in Industrial Engineering, Universitas Islam Indonesia. APK & E laboratory which uses website as a tool to communicate to the students. Currently, the existing website still show standard display by conventional way. Based on the questionnaire, the student difficult to understand the material especially for Micromotion Study since this material requires the video to show the student in assembly activity. Augmented Reality (AR) combines the real and virtual objects that interactive in the real time and registered in 3D space. AR also combines the real and virtual in displaying information in the real time, in a way that enhances the individual abilities to operate the system in the real world. The system which combines between AR and Micromotion Study was come up. The required software to develop the online AR system is FLARToolKit 2.5.1. In this research, marker detection accuracy measurement of the used toolkit has been conducted and it showed 85% of accuracy level.

scholarly journals VIRTUAL REALITY AS A DISCURSIVE ENVIRONMENT THAT AFFECTS THE FORMATION OF A PROFESSIONAL ETHOS OF MEDICAL STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Dariya D. Grigoreva ◽  
◽  
Mikhail I. Mikheev ◽  
Vera P. Potamskaya ◽  
Roman N. Bashilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Real Self ◽  
Professional Ethos

The article examines the problem of the influence of virtual reality and digital society on the formation of the professional ethos of medical students. Undoubtedly, the totality of digital society, its diffusion into all spheres of existence determines the formation of a person's identity in personal, social and practical modes. At the same time, due to its Biophysics, medical activity is focused on practical activities and direct communication. Virtual reality creates conditions for any person, including students, to form an ideal narcissistic projection that exists within and according to the laws of digital society. The abstractness of the ideal Self comes into conflict with the real Self, creating new ways of alienation and hitherto unseen modes of meaning-loss and existential trauma. In addition, virtual reality limits the content of the communication process, reduces it, formalizes it, and restricts it with artificial rules. The article describes the basic content concepts through which the issues of digital society are denoted. The study sample is fairly uniform and includes 116 TvSMU students aged 19 to 22 years. The article presents data from descriptive statistics and psychodiagnostic techniques. The analysis conducted between the indicators of meaning-life orientations of the individual, the subjective feeling of loneliness and the status of ego-identity, allows us to conclude about the formation of the phenomenon of self-alienation, loss of meaning and existential trauma. The formation of professional identity is a complex symbiotic process that involves qualitative changes and a transition to a new worldview level. It is during this period that the student's psyche is most labile and subject to external influence. The dichotomy of the virtual and the real affects the formation of personality, depriving this process of concreteness and violating the integrity of the socio-cultural and professional thesaurus.

Experiential Learning in Graduate Archival Education at the University of Botswana

Mousaion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olefhile Mosweu
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Archival Theory ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
The Real ◽  
The University

Most curriculum components of archival graduate programmes consist of contextual knowledge, archival knowledge, complementary knowledge, practicum, and scholarly research. The practicum, now commonly known as experiential learning in the global hub, is now widely accepted in library and information studies (LIS) education as necessary and important. It is through experiential learning that, over and above the theoretical aspects of a profession, students are provided with the opportunity to learn by doing in a workplace environment. The University of Botswana’s Master’s in Archives and Records Management (MARM) programme has a six weeks experiential learning programme whose purpose is to expose prospective archivists and/or records managers to the real archival world in terms of practice as informed by archival theory. The main objective of the study was to determine the extent to which the University of Botswana’s experiential learning component exposes students to real-life archival work to put into practice theoretical aspects learnt in the classroom as intended by the university guidelines. This study adopted a qualitative research design and collected data through interviews from participants selected through purposive and snowball sampling strategies. Documentary review supplemented the interviews. The data collected were analysed thematically in line with research objectives. The study determined that experiential learning does indeed expose students to the real world of work. It thus helps to bridge the gap between archival theory and practice for students without archives and records management work experience. For those with prior archival experience, experiential learning does not add value. This study recommends that students with prior archives and records management experience should rather, as an alternative to experiential learning, undertake supervised research, and write a research essay in a chosen thematic area in archives and records management.

Governance and Corruption

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Remedial Action ◽  
The West ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
Moral Virtues ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Rational Understanding ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Character Building ◽  
The Individual

This paper compares the Islamic and the western social scien­tific perspectives on corruption. Jt is argued that the emerging shift in social scientific thought in viewing corruption from "grease that oils the economic wheel" to a "menace that under­mines economic growth" has brought rational understanding of the phenomenon much closer to [slamic doctrine. Where they differ is with respect to remedial action. The western approach focuses on governance and designing appropriate systems and institutions that gear information and incentives toward minimiz­ing opportunities and enticement for corruption. In short, it emphasizes constraints external to the individual. By comparison, Islam seeks to go beyond such constraints, and also instill in believers a clear "second-order" preference for non­corrupt behavior. lt recommends developing a firm belief in transcendent accountability, stresses character building through practicing moral virtues and shunning vices. In essence, much of the restraint comes from within through a moral renovation. rt is our contention that both emphases are important in eliminating corruption and that the followers oflslam and the West can learn from one another.

Assessing the Demand for Online Integration Platforms in the Real Estate Business

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
N. S. Alekseeva ◽  
A. E. Druzhinin
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Integration Platform ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Real Estate Market ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
The Individual

Examination of the real estate market shows that implementing innovations in this field is a very difficult task. This prompts the question of the necessity of digitalizing the real estate business and of the demand for online integration platforms in this field.Aim. The presented study aims to assess the demand for online integration platforms in the real estate business.Tasks. The authors compare the online integration platforms in the real estate market with the online integration platforms in the hospitality sector and the individual passenger transport market in terms of the share of user profits that integrators receive for their services on the online platform; compare the share of user profits that integrators receive for their services on the online platform with the equivalent indicator in various other global economic activities; assess the value of the services provided by an online integration platform using the methodology proposed by G. G. Azgaldov and N. N. Karpova.Methods. The data were acquired from public Internet sources and personal interviews with the directors of companies that represent or employ the services of online integration platforms in St. Petersburg. The interviews and work with Internet sources were conducted in November 2019.Results. An integrator in the real estate market receives a share of profits of their service users that is comparable to that of the integrators in the hospitality sector and the individual passenger transport market. The share of profits of a Russian integrator in the real estate market is significantly higher than that in such industries as entertainment, fashion, or sports. The value of an online integration platform can be defined as highly valuable, since the expected value of this indicator is 1.5 times higher than the maximum table value.Conclusions. The performed analysis shows a high demand for online integration platforms in the real estate business. Market participants are willing to pay for the ability to use new digital technologies.

scholarly journals The Impacts in Real Estate of Landscape Values: Evidence from Tuscany (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2236
Author(s):  
Francesco Riccioli ◽  
Roberto Fratini ◽  
Fabio Boncinelli
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Landscape Values ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
Real Estate Prices ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual

Using spatial econometric techniques and local spatial statistics, this study explores the relationships between the real estate values in Tuscany with the individual perception of satisfaction by landscape types. The analysis includes the usual territorial variables such as proximity to urban centres and roads. The landscape values are measured through a sample of respondents who expressed their aesthetic-visual perceptions of different types of land use. Results from a multivariate local Geary highlight that house prices are not spatial independent and that between the variables included in the analysis there is mainly a positive correlation. Specifically, the findings demonstrate a significant spatial dependence in real estate prices. The aesthetic values influence the real estate price throughout more a spatial indirect effect rather than the direct effect. Practically, house prices in specific areas are more influenced by aspects such as proximity to essential services. The results seem to show to live close to highly aesthetic environments not in these environments. The results relating to the distance from the main roads, however, seem counterintuitive. This result probably depends on the evidence that these areas suffer from greater traffic jam or pollution or they are preferred for alternative uses such as for locating industrial plants or big shopping centres rather than residential use. Therefore, these effects decrease house prices.

scholarly journals Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases, the Genetic Code, and the Evolutionary Process

2000 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl R. Woese ◽  
Gary J. Olsen ◽  
Michael Ibba ◽  
Dieter Söll
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
Trna Synthetases ◽  
Aminoacyl Trna Synthetases ◽  
The Individual

SUMMARY The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) and their relationship to the genetic code are examined from the evolutionary perspective. Despite a loose correlation between codon assignments and AARS evolutionary relationships, the code is far too highly structured to have been ordered merely through the evolutionary wanderings of these enzymes. Nevertheless, the AARSs are very informative about the evolutionary process. Examination of the phylogenetic trees for each of the AARSs reveals the following. (i) Their evolutionary relationships mostly conform to established organismal phylogeny: a strong distinction exists between bacterial- and archaeal-type AARSs. (ii) Although the evolutionary profiles of the individual AARSs might be expected to be similar in general respects, they are not. It is argued that these differences in profiles reflect the stages in the evolutionary process when the taxonomic distributions of the individual AARSs became fixed, not the nature of the individual enzymes. (iii) Horizontal transfer of AARS genes between Bacteria and Archaea is asymmetric: transfer of archaeal AARSs to the Bacteria is more prevalent than the reverse, which is seen only for the “gemini group.” (iv) The most far-ranging transfers of AARS genes have tended to occur in the distant evolutionary past, before or during formation of the primary organismal domains. These findings are also used to refine the theory that at the evolutionary stage represented by the root of the universal phylogenetic tree, cells were far more primitive than their modern counterparts and thus exchanged genetic material in far less restricted ways, in effect evolving in a communal sense.

“O Canada!”: The Spectral Lesbian Poetics of Elizabeth Bishop

PMLA ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-257
Author(s):  
David R. Jarraway
Keyword(s):  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
American Identity ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Elizabeth Bishop ◽  
Lesbian Identity ◽  
The Real ◽  
Mother Loss ◽  
Aesthetic Practice

A general reluctance to engage the issue of lesbian identity in Elizabeth Bishop's work has understandably been conditioned by her own longstanding reticence. An approach that theorizes about the nonreferential, hence inarticulable, contours of Bishop's project, however, discloses a more eroticized aesthetic practice—one conceivably enabling the vital exploration of transgressive sexuality that perhaps goes without saying. What arguably forges the link between theory and practice is Bishop's experience of loss. The unspeakableness of mother loss due to insanity, mediated poignantly by the curtailment of Bishop's Canadian childhood, formerly provided the invitation to enclose Bishop's writing explicitly within a lifelong travail of itinerant displacement. Recent psychoanalytic theory, by contrast, foregrounds a more challenging loss that divides her writing between reality and the real and thus implicitly opens it up to a spectral lesbian poetics beyond what her canonical “American” identity readily permits readers to see and to say.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document