scholarly journals APLIKASI SINBIOTIK UNTUK PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI INFECTIOUS MYONECROSIS VIRUS PADA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) (Synbiotic Application for Prevention of Infectious Myonecrosis Virus Infection in White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei))

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Widanarni Widanarni ◽  
Sukenda Sukenda ◽  
Ghita Ryan Septiani
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Infectious Myonecrosis Virus ◽  
Synbiotic Supplementation

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary synbiotic at different giving frequencies on growth, immune responses, and resistance of white shrimp infected by infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). Synbiotic used in this study was combination of probiotic Vibrio alginolyticus SKT-b and prebiotic oligosaccharides extracted from sweet potatoe (Ipomoea batatas L). Doses of probiotic and prebiotic used were 1% and 2% (w/w), respectively. The white shrimps (0.493±0.035 g) were divided into five treatments consisting of A and B (without supplementation of synbiotic: (A) positive control; (B) negative control), C (daily synbiotic supplementation), D (twice a week synbiotic supplementation), and E (weekly synbiotic supplementation). After 30 days of feeding trial, white shrimps were infected by IMNV (except negative control). The results showed that daily growth rate of white shrimp on all synbiotic treatments (C, D, and E) ranged from 6.93±0.025-6.97±0.019% and had higher values than controls (A and B) (P<0.05). Meanwhile, feed conversion value in C and D (1.54±0.142 and 1.58±0.117) were lower than controls (P<0.05). Supplementation of synbiotic with different frequencies also affected survival rate of white shrimp after the challenge test with IMNV; daily synbiotic supplementation (C) resulted in a 50% higher survival rate than positive control (P<0.05). This was associated with immune responses parameters values of synbiotic treatment (before and after the challenge test) which were better than positive control. In conclusion the addition of synbiotic in feed resulted in higher growth performances, immune responses,and resistance of white shrimp to IMNV infection.

scholarly journals INNOVATION OF SINBIOTIC FORMULA FOR THE GROWTH OF WHITE SHRIMP LARVAE (Litopenaeus vannamei)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Sumardi Sumardi ◽  
Christina Nugroho Ekowati ◽  
Endang Linirin Widiastuti ◽  
Ainun Rohmawati Bareta ◽  
Sarno Sarno
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
National Standard ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Absolute Length

In the hatchery of white shrimp larvae, there are some problems, such as a decreased water quality and diseases caused by bacteria which cause a decrease in shrimp growth. The solution to reduce these problems is by applying synbiotics. This research aimed to make an innovative synbiotic formula for the absolute length growth and survival rate of white shrimp larvae (Litopenaeus vannamei) as well as  the total number of bacteria and the number of Vibrio sp. In this study, there were four treatments, as follows: C-: negative control (without synbiotic application) C+: positive control (commercial synbiotic) P: probiotic 2.5 x 105 cfu/ml and prebiotic 1,5 ppm Q: probiotic 5 x 105 cfu/ml and prebiotic 1 ppm R: probiotic 7,5 x 105 cfu/ml and prebiotic 0,5 ppm S: probiotic 106 cfu/ml and prebiotic 2 ppm, each treatment with four repetitions. This research was set up in a completely randomized design experiment using twenty-four plastic tanks with 50 L total volume filled with 20 L sterile sea water and stocked with 4,000 nauplii in the PT. Citra Larva Cemerlang hatchery, Kalianda, Lampung. Variables observed in this research were survival rate, absolute length growth, total bacterial and Vibrio sp. counts, and water quality in the white shrimp larvae (Litopenaeus vannamei). The results showed that the best survival rate is in treatment S (probiotic 106 cfu/ml and prebiotic 2 ppm) (87.7%), the highest absolute length growth is in treatment P (3.8 mm), the highest total bacteria was in treatment S (11.1 log cfu/ml), and the best total Vibrio sp. is in treatment S (3.5 log cfu/ml). Water quality of the six treatments shows results that are still in normal conditions following Indonesian National Standard SNI 7311: 2009.

scholarly journals Administration of Phyllanthus niruri to control IMNV (myonecrosis infectious virus) infection white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Sukenda . ◽  
Sri Nuryati ◽  
Isni Rahmatika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Striated Muscles ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Infectious Myonecrosis Virus ◽  
Shrimp Tissue

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p><br />Infectious myonecrosis (IMN) disease is a major disease in Indonesia shrimp farming. The disease is caused by infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). Currently, treatment and drug has not been obtained to control the virus. This research was conducted to determine the effect of Phyllanthus niruri extract in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) against IMNV infection. Healthy shrimp was given P. niruri extract 20 mg/kg of feed for seven days and after that the shrimp was challenged by orally with IMNV infected shrimp tissue. The positive control was given feed without P. niruri extract and challenged with IMNV infected shrimp tissue, while negative control was not challenged with IMNV infected shrimp tissue. IMNV infection gave a significantly different effect on survival rate. In the shrimp P. niruri previously (86.7%) gave higher survival rate compared to shrimp without P. niruri (66.67%). Survival rate of negative control was 93.33%. IMNV clinical signs in general was white necrotic areas in striated muscles. Histological examination showed that cell necrosis appeared on the mussel tissues. In conclusion the addition of P. niruri to the commercial feed can give the survival rate of shrimp better when challenged with IMNV.<br />Keywords: IMNV, Phyllanthus niruri, Litopenaeus vannamei</p><p><br />ABSTRAK</p><p><br />Penyakit infectious myonecrosis (IMN) merupakan penyakit utama pada budidaya udang di Indonesia. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). Saat ini, belum diperoleh cara dan obat untuk mengendalikan virus IMNV. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh immunostimulan tepung meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) yang diberikan melalui pakan pada udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang diinfeksi IMNV. Udang vaname yang sehat diberi pakan yang mengandung meniran dengan dosis 20 mg/kg pakan selama tujuh hari dan kemudian diuji tantang secara oral dengan memberikan jaringan udang yang telah terinfeksi IMNV. Udang kontrol positif dilakukan dengan memberi pakan komersial tanpa penambahan meniran yang kemudian diuji tantang dengan memberi makan jaringan udang yang terinfeksi IMNV, sedangkan udang kontrol negatif tidak diuji tantang dengan jaringan yang terinfeksi IMNV. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kelompok udang yang diberi pakan mengandung meniran mempunyai kelangsungan hidup (86,67%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan udang yang tidak diberi pakan mengandung meniran (66,67%) ketika diuji tantang dengan IMNV. Kontrol negatif yang tidak diberi pakan mengandung meniran dan tidak diuji tantang dengan IMNV memberikan kelangsungan hidup 93,33%. Gejala klinis yang ditunjukkan adanya infeksi IMNV terlihat dengan adanya otot putih pada ruas tubuh udang. Pengamatan histopatologi menunjukkan adanya nekrosis pada sel-sel di jaringan otot udang. Sebagai kesimpulan dapat dinyatakan bahwa penambahan meniran pada pakan komersial dapat meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup udang ketika terjadi infeksi IMNV.<br /><br />Kata kunci: IMNV, Phyllanthus niruri, Litopenaeus vannamei</p>

scholarly journals Kappa-carrageenan as immunostimulant to control infectious myonecrosis (IMN) disease in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Dian Febriani ◽  
. Sukenda ◽  
Sri Nuryati
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Infectious Myonecrosis Virus ◽  
Kappa Carrageenan

<p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">This study evaluated the modulation of non-specific immune response, growth, and disease resistance of white shrimp,  <em>Litopenaeus vannamei </em>against <em>infectious myonecrosis virus (</em>IMNV). The first stage of this study evaluated the different dose of k-carrageenan administration i.e. 5, 10, and 15 g/kg feed for four weeks of rearing period, while the later studied evaluated about the frequency of administration i.e. daily, seven days interval, and 14-days interval for five weeks of rearing period. Both stages had positive and negative control and performed in complete randomized design. The parameters of observation consisted of immune parameters, clinical symptoms, growth, and survival. Shrimp were fed three times a day at feeding rate of 4–5% of body weight/day. IMNV Challenge test was performed by feeding the shrimp via oral route at a level 10% of body weight for three consecutive days, followed by 14-days observation. The results showed that shrimp administered with k-carrageenan at a concentration of 15 g/kg feed showed the best performance of all concentration tested. The shrimp’s haemocyte count, phagocytes activity, phenoloxidase activity, and relative growth were 12±0.72×10<sup>6</sup> cell/mL; 34.67±0.58%; 0.511±0.10; and 86.15% respectively. After challenged, the survival was 85±7.07%. Moreover, application in 14 days at 7-days interval gave 88.57% relative growth and 93±5,8% survival, which were higher than other treatments. The administration of k-carrageenan at concentration of 15 g/kg with 14 days interval on white shrimp juveniles showed higher immunostimulatory effect and better protection against IMNV.</p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">Keywords: kappa-carrageenan, immunostimulant, IMNV, <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em></p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p class="NoParagraphStyle">Penelitian ini mempelajari pemberian kappa-karagenan dalam memodulasi respons imun nonspesifik, pertumbuhan, dan resistensi udang vaname <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> terhadap infeksi <em>infectious myonecrosis virus </em>(IMNV). Tahap pertama mengetahui dosis pemberian k-karagenan sebesar 5, 10, dan 15 g/kg pakan selama empat minggu pemeliharaan, sedangkan tahap kedua mengevaluasi frekuensi pemberian k-karagenan, yaitu setiap hari, tujuh hari, dan 14 hari secara berulang dengan interval tujuh hari selama lima minggu pemeliharaan. Kedua tahap penelitian menggunakan kontrol positif dan negatif dalam rancangan acak lengkap. Parameter pengamatan terdiri atas respons imun, gejala klinis, pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup udang vaname. Udang diberi makan tiga kali sehari dengan FR 4–5% biomassa/hari. Infeksi IMNV dilakukan secara oral sebesar 10% biomassa selama tiga hari berturut-turut, dan diamati selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa udang yang diberikan k-karagenan 15 g/kg pakan memperoleh hasil terbaik. Total hemosit, aktivitas fagositosis, aktivitas <em>phenoloxidase</em>, dan pertumbuhan relatif udang masing-masing adalah 12±0,72×10<sup>6</sup> sel/mL; 34,67±0,58%; 0,511±0,10 dan 86,15%, dengan kelangsungan hidup udang setelah diinfeksi IMNV sebesar 85±7,07%. Frekuensi pemberian 14 hari secara berulang dengan interval tujuh hari memberikan hasil kelangsungan hidup terbaik sebesar 88,57% dan pertumbuhan relatif sebesar 93±5,8%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa, pemberian k-karagenan 15 g/kg dan interval 14 hari menunjukkan respons imun dan perlindungan yang lebih baik terhadap IMNV.</p><p class="NoParagraphStyle"> </p><p>Kata kunci: kappa-karagenan, imunostimulan, IMNV, <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em></p>

scholarly journals Physiological and immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei undergoing the acute phase of the necrotizing hepatopancreatitis disease and after being treated with oxytetracycline and FF

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-545
Author(s):  
Luis R. Martínez-Córdova ◽  
Teresa Gollas-Galván ◽  
Estefanía Garibay-Valdez ◽  
Rocío Valenzuela-Gutiérrez ◽  
Marcel Martínez Porchas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Clotting Protein ◽  
Immune Related Genes ◽  
Shock Proteins

The physiological and immune responses of adult shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) undergoing the acute phase of the necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (NHP) disease and the efficiency of oxytetracycline (OXI) and florfenicol (FF) to eliminate the pathogen were evaluated. Four shrimp groups were considered: three groups infected with necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacteria (NHP-B) (two treated with antibiotics and a positive control) and one group non-infected (negative control). Hemolymph concentration of glucose, lactate, acylglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, aminotransferases, superoxide dismutase, and the transcriptional expression of several immune related genes were monitored at the acute phase of the disease, and at 15 and 20 days after administration of antibiotics (daa). Shrimp from the positive control registered a mortality of 100%. NHP-B infection affected the immu-nophysiological response of shrimp; herein, most of the parameters were significantly up regulated in infected shrimp before the use of antibiotics, compared to the negative control. Increased transcriptional levels of clotting protein, lipopolysaccharide and β-1-3-glucan binding protein (LGBP), serine protease, peroxinectin, lysozyme, heat shock proteins (HSP) 60 and 70 were detected in shrimp treated with OXI. At 20 daa NHP-B was still detected in FF-treated shrimp, but not in OXI-treated shrimp. It is hypothesized that despite none of the antibiotics per se eliminated the bacterium, both had a negative effect on its virulence. OXI seems to have a greater effect, allowing shrimp to integrate a better immune response at 15 daa.

scholarly journals Effects of spray-dried animal plasma on growth performance, survival, feed utilization, immune responses, and resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257792
Author(s):  
Niti Chuchird ◽  
Tirawat Rairat ◽  
Arunothai Keetanon ◽  
Putsucha Phansawat ◽  
Chi-Chung Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Pacific White Shrimp ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Total Hemocyte Count ◽  
Spray Dried

Spray-dried animal plasma (SDP) in feed for several animal species provides health benefits, but research about use of SDP in shrimp feed is very limited. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of dietary SDP on growth performance, feed utilization, immune responses, and prevention of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). In Experiment 1, the post-larvae were divided into five groups (four tank/group and 80 shrimp/tank) and fed four times daily diets with porcine SDP at 0, 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6% of the diet for 45 days. In Experiment 2, the surviving shrimp from Experiment 1 were redistributed into six groups: four SDP groups as in Experiment 1 plus the positive and negative controls (four tank/group and 30 shrimp/tank). They were then challenged with V. parahaemolyticus by immersion at 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL and were fed with the same diets for another 4 days. In Experiment 1, shrimp fed 4.5% or 6% SDP diets had significantly higher body weight, survival rate, and improved feed conversion ratio. The immune parameters (total hemocyte count and phagocytic, phenoloxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities) of the shrimp fed 3–6% SDP diets also showed significant enhancement compared to the control. In Experiment 2, the survival rates of the 3–6% SDP groups were significantly higher than the positive control at day 4 after the immersion challenge. Likewise, the histopathological study revealed milder signs of bacterial infection in the hepatopancreas of the 3–6% SDP groups compared to the challenged positive control and 1.5% SDP groups. In conclusion, shrimp fed diets with SDP, especially at 4.5–6% of the diet, showed significant improvement in overall health conditions and better resistance to V. parahaemolyticus infection.

scholarly journals Prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic to control Vibrio harveyi and IMNV co-infection in Litopenaeus vannamei

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
, Widanarni ◽  
Jeanni Indah Noermala ◽  
, Sukenda
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Vibrio Harveyi ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Infectious Myonecrosis Virus ◽  
Probiotic Treatment

<p class="BasicParagraph" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="BasicParagraph" align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p class="Pa2">This study aimed to examine the effects of prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic in survival and immune response of white shrimp against co-infection of Vibrio harveyi and infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV). The shrimps used had a body weigth of 2.04±0.20 g/individual, the shrimps were reared at a density of 20 shrimps in 60x30x35 cm3 sized aquarium. The study was conducted with five treatments consisting K(+) (without the addition of prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic with co-infection), K(-) (without the addition of prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic, and without co-infection), P1 (the addition of prebiotic with co-infection), P2 (the addition of probiotic with co-infection), and P3 (the addition of synbiotic with co-infection). The results showed that the addition of prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic could increase survival and immune response of white shrimp towards co-infection of Vibrio harveyi and IMNV. The best survival was obtained in probiotic treatment (79.17%), followed by prebiotic treatment (75%), synbiotic treatment (70.83%), while the positive control was only 50%.</p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Pa1">Keywords: white shrimp, prebiotic, probiotic, synbiotic, IMNV, Vibrio harveyi</p><br /><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p><p class="BasicParagraph"> </p><p class="BasicParagraph" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="BasicParagraph"><strong> </strong></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian prebiotik, probiotik, dan sinbiotik terhadap sintasan dan respons imun udang vaname dengan ko-infeksi <em>Vibrio harveyi </em>dan IMNV (<em>i</em><em>nfectious myonecrosis virus</em>). Udang yang digunakan memiliki bobot 2,04±0,20 g/ekor, dipelihara sebanyak 20 ekor dalam akuarium berukuran 60x30x35 cm3. Penelitian dilakukan dengan lima perlakuan yaitu K(+) (tanpa pemberian prebiotik, probiotik, dan sinbiotik dengan ko-infeksi), K(-) (tanpa pemberian prebiotik, probiotik dan sinbiotik tanpa ko-infeksi), P1 (pemberian prebiotik dengan ko-infeksi), P2 (pemberian probiotik dengan ko-infeksi), dan P3 (pemberian sinbiotik dengan ko-infeksi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian prebiotik, probiotik, dan sinbiotik mampu meningkatkan sintasan dan respons imun udang vaname terhadap ko-infeksi <em>V. harveyi </em>dan IMNV. Sintasan terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan probiotik sebesar 79,17%, diikuti perlakuan prebiotik sebesar 75%, perlakuan sinbiotik sebesar 70,83%, sedangkan pada kontrol positif hanya mencapai 50%.</p><p> </p><p class="Pa2">Kata kunci: udang vaname, prebiotik, probiotik, sinbiotik, IMNV, <em>Vibrio harveyi</em></p>

scholarly journals Bacillus NP5 Improves Growth Performance and Resistance Against Infectious Myonecrosis Virus in White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) (Bacillus NP5 Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Ketahanan Terhadap Infeksi Virus Myonecrosis pada Udang Putih (L. vannamei)

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widanarni Widanarni ◽  
Munti Yuhana ◽  
Arief Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Infectious Myonecrosis Virus ◽  
Total Hemocyte Count ◽  
Hemocyte Count

Infectious Myonecrosis (IMN) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang sering menyerang udang vaname. Probiotik banyak digunakan pada budidaya udang karena terbukti mampu mengurangi serangan penyakit pada udang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian probiotik Bacillus NP5 melalui pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan, respons imun, dan resistensi udang vaname terhadap infeksi Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV). Udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei (2.41±0.07 g ekor-1) diberi pakan yang disuplementasi probiotik Bacillus NP5 dengan dosis yang berbeda, 102 CFU.g-1 (A), 104 CFU.g-1 (B), 106 CFU.g-1 (C), dan kontrol tanpa suplementasi probiotik (kontrol negatif, KN; kontrol positif, KP) selama 30 hari dan dengan tiga ulangan untuk masing-masing dosis, kemudian KP, perlakuan A, B, dan C diuji tantang secara intramuskular dengan IMNV (100 µl.ekor-1). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa udang vaname yang diberi pakan dengan suplementasi probiotik mempunyai laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH), rasio konversi pakan (RKP), dan respons imun yang lebih tinggi. Udang tersebut juga mempunyai total hemocyte count (THC) dan resistensi terhadap IMNV yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol positif. Konsentrasi probiotik 106 CFU.g-1 memberikan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan, respon imun, dan resistensi udang vaname terhadap infeksi IMNV. Kata kunci: probiotik, Bacillus NP5, Litopenaeus vannamei, pertumbuhan, IMNV Infectious Myonecrosis (IMN) is one of the most prevalent white shrimp diseases. Probiotics are widely used in shrimp cultivation because they have been proven to reduce shrimp disease outbreak. This study aimed to observe the effect of oraly administered probiotic Bacillus NP5 on the white shrimp's growth performance, immune response, and resistance to Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV) infection. White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (2.41±0.07 g individual-1) were fed with a feed supplemented with different doses of the probiotic Bacillus NP5, i.e. 102 CFU.g-1 (A), 104 CFU.g-1 (B), 106 CFU.g-1 (C), and control without any probiotic (negative control, KN; positive control, KP) for 30 days and with three replications for each dose, then KP, treatment A, B, and C were challenged intramuscularly with IMNV (100 µl.shrimp-1). The results of the study showed that white shrimp fed with the supplemented probiotic had higher Daily Growth Rate (DGR), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), and immune response. They also had the higher Total Hemocyte Count (THC) and resistance to IMNV than the positive control. Probiotic with concentration of 106 CFU.g-1 gave the highest value on enhancing growth, immunity, and resistance of white shrimp towards IMNV infection. Key words: probiotic, Bacillus NP5, Litopenaeus vannamei, growth, IMNV

scholarly journals The Addition of Red Betel Leaf Extract (Piper crocatum) in the Feed of Vannamei Shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) for Vibriosis Prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Fariq Azhar ◽  
Muhammad Junaidi ◽  
Bagus Dwi Hari Setyono ◽  
Andre Rachmat
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Shrimp Feed ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacteria

Vibriosis is a type of shrimp disease caused by Vibrio sp. In the disease control of consumption biota, it is highly recommended to use natural ingredients that are not carcinogenic, one of which is red betel leaves (Piper crocatum). This study aims to determine the best dose of red betel leaf extract (P. crocatum) mixed in Vannamei shrimp feed to prevent vibriosis. In this study, shrimps were reared for 40 days at a density of 20 fish/container. The treatments included positive control, P1 (without extract + bacterial infection), negative control P2 (without extract and without bacterial infection), P3 (0.5% extract + bacterial infection), P4 (1% extract + infection), and P5 (2% extract + bacterial infection). The application of red betel leaf extract at a dose of 0.5% resulted in 75% survival after infection with V. parahaemolyticus, Vannamei shrimps of THC 7.70×106 cells/mL, and DHC (hyaline 82.94% granular 20.10%). The number of bacteria and the number of vibrio in the intestine were 52×108 CFU/mL and 12×108 CFU/mL accordingly. The best dose was obtained at P3 (Feed +0.5% red betel leaf extract), seen from the increase in survival rate, the number of hemocytes, differential haemocyte counts, and a decrease in total bacteria, so the application of red betel leaf extract can be used in the cultivation of Vannamei shrimps as an immunostimulant.

scholarly journals Oral application of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic in Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)challenged with Vibrio harveyi

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Widanarni ◽  
Puguh Widagdo ◽  
Dinamella Wahjuningrum
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Vibrio Harveyi ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Pacific White Shrimp ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Immersion Method

<p>The use of antibiotics for controlling of luminous vibriosis caused by <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> is restricted now, because it induces antibiotic-resistant bacteria and leave residue in shrimp’s body. An alternative solution that can be done to treat the disease is by using applications of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic on the survival rate and growth of Pacific white shrimp against <em>V. harveyi</em> infection. Feed as a treatment was supplemented with probiotic 1%, prebiotic 2%, and probiotic 1%+prebiotic 2% (synbiotic). Shrimps feed without supplementation of probiotic and prebiotic was used as a control treatment. The shrimps were maintainedin the aquarium (60×30×35 cm<sup>3</sup>) with a density of 40 shrimps/40 L and an average weight of 0.4±0.1 g. After 30 days of feeding treatment, the shrimp was challenged by immersion method with <em>V. harveyi</em> solution containing 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/mL. The results showed that before challenge, synbiotic feed treated shrimp has a growth rate (5.89%), feed conversionrate (1.21), and a high survival rate (80%). After challenge, survival rate (83.33%) of shrimp fed diet supplemented with synbiotic was higher than prebiotic (51.67%) and positive control (31.67%).</p> <p>Keywords: probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, <em>Vibrio harveyi</em>,Pacific white shrimp</p>

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