scholarly journals Continuous inflorescence removal changes parameters, lignin and saponin a content and alters the transcriptome of root of Bupleurum chinense DC

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Gaixia Zhang ◽  
Zhihui Gao ◽  
Chun Sui ◽  
Jianhe Wei
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Transcriptome Profile ◽  
Root Numbers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Radix Bupleuri ◽  
Yield Quality

Abstract BackgroundBupleurum chinense DC. is an important traditional medicinal plant, and its root as the only medicinal part named Radix Bupleuri is used widely for the treatments of influenza, fever, inflammation, etc. in China, Japan and Korea. As a bulk herb, this herbal medicine occupies a comparatively big market share and is widely cultivated. However, because of the vigorous flowering and fruiting, the root growth is influenced seriously. ResultsWe assessed the effect of the continuous inflorescence removal (CIR) on improving the yield and quality of Radix Bupleuri. The results showed that the taproot length, root head diameter, and lateral root numbers were significantly elevated by CIR. We also found an average 1.71-fold increase in root biomass, and the lower lignin and higher saponin a content were detected in roots of CIR-treated plants. Based on a comparative transcriptome analysis, 172, 243, 1974 and 3024 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were respectively identified in the CIR-treated roots. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway functional annotation analysis of the DEGs showed that multiple genes were involved sugars metabolism pathway, lignin and terpenoids biosynthesis pathway, and the plant hormones signal transduction pathway. In addition, 295 genes encoding transcription factors (TFs), including members of the ERF, MYB-related, bHLH, NAC, MYB, AUX/IAA and bZIP families etc, were identified as CIR responsive. ConclusionThe CIR treatment could improve the yield, quality and market value of B. chinense DC. medicine, and the first transcriptome profile of CIR-treated roots of B. chinense DC. provides a series of clues of the molecular mechanisms of these phenotype changes induced by CIR.

Effect of organic manure based on distillery compost, inorganic fertilizer and farm yard manure on the yield quality of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 225-227
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Rajeshwari Sharma ◽  
V. K. Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Yield Quality

The experiment was laid out in randomised block design (RBD)during the crop season of 2004 -05 and 2005-06 at the research farm of J.V.P.G. College, Baraut, Baghpat (U.P.) comprising 10 treatments with 3 replications. DEBPCFYM, combinations of DEBPC+FYM and inorganic fertilizer significantly increased seed yield. Biological yield and quality content of Indian mustard. Among the various treatments, application of FYM 5t/ha + DEBPC 3t/ ha recorded highest seed yield, biological yield and all the quality contents in both the years.

scholarly journals Selecting Aragonez Genotypes Able to Outplay Climate Change–Driven Abiotic Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa Carvalho ◽  
Elsa Gonçalves ◽  
Sara Amâncio ◽  
Antero Martins
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yield Quality

High temperatures and extreme drought are increasingly more frequent in Portugal, which represents a strong threat to viticulture in certain regions of the country. These multifactorial abiotic stresses are threatening viticultural areas worldwide, and the problem can hardly be overcome only by changing cultural practices. This scenario has raised a major challenge for plant scientists to find ways to adapt existing varieties to the new conditions without loss of their characteristic flavors, yield, and associated varietal character of wines. Aragonez (syn. Tempranillo) is one such variety, widely cultivated in Portugal and Spain, with specific characteristics associated with terroir. In this context, insight into intravarietal variability to enable its exploitation for selection becomes an important tool to mitigate the effect of multifactorial stresses driven by climate changes. The present work describes an innovative selection approach: selection for abiotic stress tolerance, measured by the leaf temperature of clones under environmental conditions of drought and extreme heat. This evaluation was complemented with values of yield and quality characteristics of the must (pH, acidity, °Brix, and anthocyanins). The application of this methodology was done in an experimental population of 255 clones of Tempranillo for 3 years. The genotypes were then ranked according to their level of tolerance to abiotic stress without loss of yield/quality. To understand the differences at the transcription level that could account for such variability, several of the most tolerant and most sensitive genotypes were analyzed for key genes using reverse transcriptase–quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results enabled the selection of a group of genotypes with increased tolerance to stress, in relation to the average of the variety, which maintained the typical must quality of Aragonez. In parallel, several transcripts previously acknowledged as markers for abiotic stress tolerance were identified in several clones and are possible targets for plant breeding and genetic modification and/or to develop screening procedures to select genotypes better adapted to the abiotic stress driven by climate change.

Effect of irrigation based on IW/CPE ratio and sulphur levels on yield and quality of gram (Cicer arietinum L.)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Srinivasulu ◽  
R. M. Solanki ◽  
M. Bhanuprakash ◽  
A. Vemaraju ◽  
P. J. Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Quality

A field experiment was carried out during rabi 2010-11 to study the growth, yield and quality of gram as influenced by irrigation and sulphur levels. Irrigation and sulphur have shown significant influence on growth, yield, quality, moisture extraction pattern and water use efficiency. Among four irrigation schedules, irrigation scheduled at 0.9 IW/CPE ratio recorded higher values for all the growth parameters at various stages, yield attributes, grain and stover yield, quality parameters as well as net return and BCR while, 0.7 IW/CPE ratio remained on par. Amount of moisture extracted from surface layers was more irrespective of irrigation treatment. Depletion of soil moisture increased and water use efficiency decreased with increasing frequency of irrigation. Application of 40 kg S ha-1 recorded higher grain yield, protein content and protein yield, net return and BCR and remained on par with 20 kg S ha-1. However interaction between sulphur and irrigation levels, 20 kg S ha-1 and 0.7 IW/CPE has reported higher seed yield, net returns and BCR.

INFLUENCE DES CULTIVARS, DES DATES ET DES DOSES DE SEMIS SUR LE RENDEMENT ET LA QUALITÉ DE LA LUZERNE SEMÉE EN FIN D’ÉTÉ

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. BELZILE
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
First Year ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

The effects of cultivars, date and rate of seeding on the yield and quality of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seeded at the end of summer and harvested the year after was studied from 1971 to 1975 on a Kamouraska clay. Seeding in early August gave the best results; seeding should not be carried out after mid-August. Differences between cultivars were more important on the third than on the first cut. Aftergrowth was an important factor on yield during the first year of harvest. Seeding rate did not always affect the yield, but the 6,7 kg/ha rate yielded less than the 13,4 kg/ha rate at the first cut and when the cuts were summed. The combined effects of the three factors studied indicates the importance of the seeding date on the height, cover and yield of alfalfa. Digestibility and crude protein content of the dry matter were affected more by seeding dates than by cultivars. The effect of cultivars on quality was variable and seeding rates had no effect. The variation in forage quality may be attributed to a difference in maturity of the plant at harvest, rather than only to the factors studied.Key words: Medicago sativa L., cultivar, date, rate, yield, quality

scholarly journals Enhanced Vegetative Growth and Development of Processing Tomato by DCPTA Treatment of Seed

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Keithly ◽  
H. Kobayashi ◽  
H. Yokoyama ◽  
H.W. Gausman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Fruit Harvest

Application of DCPTA as a pregermination seed treatment (DCPTA plants) increased the seedling vigor, relative growth rate, harvestable yield, and yield quality of processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cvs. UC82, VF6203, H100). When compared with controls, the growth rates of roots and shoots of 30 μm DCPTA plants were increased significantly (P = 0.05) during seed germination and midexponential growth. At fruit harvest, greenhouse-grown 30 μm DCPTA plants showed a 2- to 3-fold increase in leaf, stem, and root dry weight compared with that of controls. Improvements in the uniformity of fruit maturation significantly increased the harvestable fruit yields of greenhouse-grown DCPTA plants compared with that of controls. The total soluble solids (oBrix), glucose, fructose, and carotenoid contents of red-ripe fruits harvested from greenhouse- and field-grown DCPTA plants were significantly increased compared with controls. Chemical name used: 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)triethylamine (DCPTA).

scholarly journals Transcriptome Dynamics of Double Recessive Mutant, o2o2o16o16, Reveals the Transcriptional Mechanisms in the Increase of Its Lysine and Tryptophan Content in Maize

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Yi Dai ◽  
Mingchun Wang ◽  
Wenpeng Yang ◽  
Degang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Recessive Mutant ◽  
Lysine Degradation ◽  
Tryptophan Content

In maize, pyramiding of o2 and o16 alleles can greatly improve the nutritional quality of grains. To dissect its molecular mechanism, we created a double recessive mutant line, o2o2o16o16, by introgression of the o2 and o16 alleles into the wild-type maize inbred line, by molecular marker-assisted backcross selection. The kernels (18 day after pollination (DAP), 28 DAP, and 38 DAP) of the o2o2o16o16 mutant and its parent lines were subject to RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The RNA-Seq analysis revealed that 59 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in lysine metabolism and 43 DEGs were involved in tryptophan metabolism. Among them, the genes encoding AK, ASADH, and Dap-F in the lysine synthesis pathway were upregulated at different stages of endosperm development, promoting the synthesis of lysine. Meanwhile, the genes encoding LKR/SDH and L-PO in the lysine degradation pathway were downregulated, inhibiting the degradation of lysine. Moreover, the genes encoding TAA and YUC in the tryptophan metabolic pathway were downregulated, restraining the degradation of tryptophan. Thus, pyramiding o2 and o16 alleles could increase the lysine and tryptophan content in maize. These above results would help to uncover the molecular mechanisms involved in the increase in lysine and the tryptophan content, through the introgression of o2 and o16 alleles into the wild-type maize.

scholarly journals Integrated miRNA-mRNA analysis reveals the roles of miRNAs in the replanting benefit of Achyranthes bidentata roots

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Hui Yang ◽  
Ming Jie Li ◽  
Yan Jie Yi ◽  
Rui Fang Li ◽  
Cui Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Target ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
First Year ◽  
Achyranthes Bidentata ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

AbstractThe yield and quality of the medicinal plant Achyranthes bidentata can be increased when it is replanted into a field cultivated previously with the same crop, however, fundamental aspects of its biology (so-called “replanting benefit”) still remain to be elucidated. miRNAs are sRNA molecules involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in plant biological processes. Here, 267 conserved and 36 novel miRNAs were identified in A. bidentata roots. We compared the miRNA content of the roots (R1) from first-year planting with that of the roots (R2) of second-year replanting, and screened 21 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs. Based on in silico functional analysis, integrated miRNA-mRNA datasets allowed the identification of 10 miRNA-target family modules, which might participate in the benefit. The expression profiles of the miRNA-target modules were potentially correlated with the presence of the replanting benefit. The indication was that the miRNA-responsive continuous monoculture could reprogram miRNA-mRNA expression patterns, which possibly promote the root growth and development, enhance its transport activity and strengthen its tolerance to various stresses, thereby improving A. bidentata productivity as observed in the replanting benefit. Our study provides basic data for further research on the molecular mechanisms of the benefit in A. bidentata.

Effect of some growth regulators on yield and quality of sweetmelon and muskmelon

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. El-Kholy ◽  
H. Hafez ◽  
F. Naeem
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYThis study was carried out at Elminia University farm in two years (1978 and 1980) to evaluate the effect of some growth regulators on the production of sweetmelon and muskmelon. It was found that plants treated with some growth regulators were earlier and yielded better than untreated ones, except that in the first trial (1978), the total yield of plants treated with indole acetic acid (IAA) was less than that of the control. The highest early and total yields of both sweetmelon and muskmelon resulted from spraying ethrel on the foliage. Fruit weight and length and flesh thickness were increased by some growth substances compared with the control for both crops. Also, percentage of total soluble solids and ascorbic acid concentration increased markedly as a result of growth-regulator treatments for sweetmelon and muskmelon. Generally, two sprays of ethrel solution produced the most consistent effects on yield and yield quality in the two trials with both sweetmelon and muskmelon.

scholarly journals Pengaruh kondisi genangan dan pemupukan silika terhadap hasil dan kualitas padi dua kultivar Poso

Kultivasi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tati Nurmala ◽  
Wan Priando ◽  
Meddy Rachmadi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Level ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Range Test

Sari  : Padi dapat dibudidayakan dalam kondisi sebagai padi sawah ataupun padi gogo.  Padi kultivar lokal asal Poso umumnya dibudidayakan dengan sistem padi gogo yang produktivitasnya rendah namun memiliki rasa pulen (amilase tinggi 20-25%).  Pupuk silika dengan sistem budidaya sawah bisa mengoptimalkan hasil dan kualitas hasil.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kultivar Poso yang mana yang produktivitasnya tinggi dengan rasa pulen, yang diberi dosis pupuk silika, dalam sistem budidaya yang tepat. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Agustus 2016 sampai dengan bulan Januari 2017, di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian UNPAD Jatinangor.  Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Split-Split Plot, dalam 3 ulangan.  Petak utama adalah Kultivar 36-Super dan Kultivar Togalu, faktor anak petak terdiri atas perlakuan sistem budidaya sawah dan sistem budidaya padi gogo, sedangkan faktor anak petak adalah aplikasi pupuk silika dengan dosis masing-masing 0 L/ha (kontrol); 0,5 L/ha; 1,0 L/ha dan 1,5 L/ha.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh kultivar adalah kultivar 36-Super lebih baik dalam jumlah malai per rumpun, sedangkan kultivar togalu lebih baik terhadap jumlah malai per rumpun.  Sistem sawah berpengaruh terhadap jumlah malai per rumpun.  Pemberian pupuk silika 1 L/ha berpengaruh terhadap bobot gabah per rumpun, bobot 1000 butir, panjang gabah, lebar gabah, dan tebal gabah.  Tidak terdapat efek interaksi dari ketiga perlakuan tersebut terhadap semua variabel hasil.Kata kunci : Kultivar Poso, pupuk silika, dan penggenangan.Abstract :  Rice can be cultivated on lowland and upland cultivated conditions. Poso rice cultivars were a local cultivars which the low productivity  and higher amylase contain(20-25%). Silica fertilizer on rice Poso cultivar in wetland system  can optimalized yield and yield quality of rice. This study aimed  to determine dosage of silica with cultivated system on yield and quality yield of  Poso cultivar.The experiment was conducted from Agustus 2016 until January 2017, at the Eperiment Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University.  The experimental design used Split-Split Plot Design, consisted of 16 treatmens. Data were analyzed by Fisher test then were continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% significance level. The main plot factor consisted of two levels, there were 36-Super Cultivar and Tagolu Cultivar.  The sub plot factor consisted of flooding conditions, there were as dryland and wetland systems. The sub-sub plot factor consisted of four treatment  level dosages of liquid silica,  there were  without silica (0 L/ha); 0.5 L/ha ; 1.0 L/ha ; and 1.5 L/ha. and repeated three times. The results showed that significant response on number of paniclesof cultivar 36- Super , and  length of panicle of Tagolu cultivar. The wetland system has higher the number of panicle.  The 1 L/ha silica dosage was higher grain weightand 1000 grains weight .  The physical characters of grain were higher to length, width, and thickness of grain.There were not interaction effect  between treatments to all variables. Key words : Poso cultivars, Silica fertilizer, floodingSari  : Padi dapat dibudidayakan dalam kondisi sebagai padi sawah ataupun padi gogo.  Padi kultivar local lokal asal Poso umumnya dibudidayakan dengan system sistem padi gogo yang produktivitasnya rendah namun memiliki rasa pulen (amilase tinggi 20-25%).  Pupuk Silica silika dengan system sistem budidaya sawah bias bisamengoptimalkan hasil dan kualitas hasil.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kultivar Poso yang mana yang produktivitasnya tinggi dengan rasa pulen, yang diberi dosis pupuk silicasilika, dalam system sistem budidaya yang tepat. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Agustus 2016 sampai dengan bulan Januari 2017, di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian UNPAD Jatinangor.  Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Split- PSplit Plot, dalam 3 ulangan.  Sebagai pPetak utama adalah Kultivar 36-Super dan Kultivar Togalu, Faktor faktor anak petak terdiri atas perlakuan system sistem budidaya sawah dan system sistem budidaya padi gogo, sedangkan fakytor anak petak adalah aplikasi pupuk silica silika dengan dosis masing-masing 0L/ha (controlkontrol); 0,5 L/ha; 1,0 L/ha dan 1,5 L/ha.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh kultivar adalah kultivar 36-Super lebih baik dalam jumlah malai per rumpun, sedangkan kultivar togalu lebih baik terhadap jumlah malai per rumpun.  Sistem sawah berpengaruh terhadap jumlah malai per rumpun.  Pemberian pupuk Silica silika 1 L/ha berpengaruh terhadap bobot gabah per rumpun, bobot 1000 butir; ,panjang gabah; ,lebar gabah, dan tebal gabah.  Tidak terdapat efek inyteraksi dari ketiga perlakuan ytersebut terhadap semua variablel hasil. Kata kunci : Kultivar Poso,; pupuk silicasilika,; dan penggenangan.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Manures and inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield, Quality and Economics of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cv. Paraiso

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Hemant Kori ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Yield Quality

The experiment entitled “Effect of Organic Manures and inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield, Quality and Economics of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cv. Paraiso” was conducted during Rabi season of the year 2020-2021 on experimental farm of Department of Horticulture, AKS University, Satna (M.P.). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replicated 12 treatments viz., T1: Control, T2: 100% NPK, T3: 100% NPK +100% FYM, T4: 100% NPK + 100% VC, T5: 100% NPK + 50% FYM, T6: 100% NPK + 50% VC, T7: 100% NPK + Bioinoculant, T8: 100% NPK + 50% FYM + 50% VC, T9: 100% NPK + 50% FYM + Bioinoculant, T10: 100% NPK + 50% FYM + 50% VC + Bioinoculant, T11: 75% NPK + Bioinoculant + 100% FYM, T12: 75% NPK + Bioinoculant +100% VC. The results reveal that increase in nitrogen and Bioinoculant level had significant response on vegetative growth yield and quality of Broccoli. The treatment (T10) with 100% NPK + 50% FYM + 50% VC + Bioinoculant was found to be the best treatment among the different treatments with growth, yield and quality as well as maximum gross return for broccoli under satna condition.

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